Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The recent discovery of an antigenic component of the causative agent of Non-A, Non-B hepatitis, has led to the characterization of this virus--Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)--and to the identification of an antibody present in infected subjects (anti-HCV) detected by means of the C-100 antigen derived from a nonstructural region of the viral genome. Using a commercial Kit (Ortho Diagnostic Inc.), the incidence of anti-HCV antibody was studied in the Military Hospital "Dr. Carlos Arvelo" of Caracas, Venezuela with the following results: Health personnel (doctors, nurses, laboratory staff): 102 persons studied, 2 positives (1.96%); 16 patients in chronic hemodialysis: 6 positives (33%); 20 subjects with antibodies against HIV virus, confirmed by Western Blot: 7 positives (35.4%). Of 10 patients with Surface Antigen negative Chronic Hepatitis, 7 (70%) positive for anti-HCV, of 25 patients with cirrhosis: 12 positive (48%), 2 patients with hepatocarcinoma 1 positive (50%). There was also a high incidence of total anti-core antibodies in the patients studied. The results suggest that the hepatitis C virus could be playing an important role as a causative factor of liver diseases in our Country.
 ...
PMID:[Antibodies against hepatitis C virus in patients with liver diseases and in risk subjects. Preliminary report]. 196 87

Antibodies against a possible causative agent of non-A, non-B hepatitis, hepatitis C virus (HCV), in Japanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system from Ortho Diagnostic Systems, Japan. Fifty of 58 cases of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative hepatocellular carcinoma were positive for the antibody (86%) and 8 of 42 cases of HBsAg-positive hepatocellular carcinoma were positive (19%). Among patients with HBsAg-negative hepatocellular carcinoma, the prevalence of the antibody was greater among those who had received a blood transfusion (97%) than among those with no history of transfusion (70%). Only 3 of 54 patients with cancers other than hepatocellular carcinoma were found to be antibody-positive (5.6%) and all three patients had a history of blood transfusion. These results show a close relationship between the presence of anti-HCV antibody and HBsAg-negative hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan.
 ...
PMID:Prevalence of antibody against non-A, non-B hepatitis virus in Japanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 216 69

Unlike the proven causal association between oral contraceptive (OC) use and hepatic cell adenoma, the link between OCs and hepatocellular carcinoma remains speculative. The case history of a 53-year-old US woman suggests, however, that hepatic cell adenomas may transform into hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient, who had used Ovral continuously since 1966, presented in 1985 with vague abdominal pain and a palpable right upper quadrant mass. Computed tomography revealed a 12 x 8 cm mass in the right hepatic lobe and 2 small lesions in the left lobe. Serum alpha-fetoprotein and ferritin levels were normal and tests for hepatitis B were negative. A needle biopsy of the right lobe mass indicated benign hepatic adenoma. OC use was discontinued and the patient was examined at bimonthly intervals. Although she continued to report vague pain, there were no significant changes in radiologic findings or levels of alpha-fetoprotein over the next 18 months. At the 18-month follow-up visit, the alpha-fetoprotein level showed an increase to 227 mcg/L and had risen to 2300 mcg/L by the 30-month follow-up visit. At this time, computed tomography showed slight enlargement of the right lobe mass and inhomogeneity, while biopsy revealed sclerosing hepatocellular carcinoma. This is the 3rd case reported in the literature in which there is evidence of a transformation of hepatic cell adenomas into hepatocellular carcinoma in longterm OC users. Thus, the premalignant potential of hepatic cell carcinomas in OC users should be considered by physicians who follow such cases.
 ...
PMID:Transformation of hepatic cell adenoma to hepatocellular carcinoma due to oral contraceptive use. 253 93

7 case reports of women with benign hepatic adenoma suggest that, since all of the women were taking oral contraceptives (OCs), there may be an association between ingestion of exogenous hormones and development of benign hepatoma of the liver. The cases were rapidly diagnosed by using hepatic arteriography; prompt, precise diagnosis is emphasized because, though the tumors are benign, they may cause serious, if not fatal, hemorrhage if left unchecked. Case 1 was a 26-year-old woman who had taken Enovid for 2 years, who presented with acute abdomen and impending shock. Coliotomy was performed, in which a left-lobe hepatic tumor was found; she underwent left hepatectomy and cholecystectomy and no evidence of recurrence was found 1 year later. Case 2 had been taking Oracon for a unknown time. Case 3, on OCs for 6 years, had a pedunculated mobile tumor removed. Case 4, 25 years old, had been taking Ovral for 6 months before diagnosis and excision of a right lobe liver tumor. Case 5, 5 years on combined OCs, required surgical intervention for a hypervascular mass. Case 6, taking a total of 8 years of OC therapy, was operated on for an hepatic mass which was a white-to-yellow hemorrhagic mass. Case 7, taking Enovid for 7 years, yielded a surgical specimen that was hemorrhagic, partly necrotic, and yellow-tan, about 10 cm in diameter.
 ...
PMID:Possible association between benign hepatomas and oral contraceptives. 412 57

A 21-year-old woman presented with a 12-month history of epigastric pain, and for 3 months she had noticed a mass in the right hypochondrium. She had taken 'Norinyl-1' (norethisterone 1 mg and mestranol 50 mcg) for 5 years. She smoked 20 cigarettes a day but drank little alcohol. Physical examination revealed irregular hard hepatomegaly 10 cm below the right costal margin. Hepatitis B surface antigen was not detected in the serum and alpha fetoprotein levels were normal ( 10 M.R.C. units). A liver scan showed a large space-occupying lesion in the right lobe of the liver, and liver biopsy revealed a cholangicarcinoma with striking fibrous reaction. Multiple shadows consistent with metastases were present on chest X-ray, but no bony deposits were found on radiological skeletal survey or bone scan. The serum calcium was persistently high (2.74-2.92 mmol/l) but fell on prednisolone therapy. Serum parathyroid hormone levels were normal. A causal relation between oral contraceptives and hepatic adenoma is now generally accepted, and several patients with hepatocellular carcinoma have also been reported. We have been able to find only 1 previous report of cholangiocarcinoma in a young female taking oral contraceptives, and there is 1 report of this tumor in a man taking high doses of anabolic steroids for refractory anemia. This tumor has its peak incidence in the 6th decade and is very rare in the 3rd decade. The association with hypercalcemia due to pseudohyperparathyroidism is well recognized. In only some cases are parathyroid hormone levels raised, and the cause of the pseudohypercalcemia in our patient is unknown.
 ...
PMID:Cholangiocarcinoma and oral contraceptives. 610 61

HCV-RNA detection was investigated in 66 chronic alcoholic patients divided into 3 groups according to the severity of liver injury: group 1 included 22 chronic alcoholics without cirrhosis, group 2, 20 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and group 3, 24 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The 'nested' polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique amplifying the 5' non-coding region was used to detect HCV-RNA. For comparison, ELISA1, ELISA2 and RIBA2 tests (Ortho Diagnostics System) were also used to detect anti-HCV antibodies. Finally HBV markers (HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs antibodies) were detected in all patients as well as HBV-DNA by PCR. In group 1, only 1 patient (4.5%) showed an HCV-RNA-positive PCR, while 3 patients (13.6%) were found to have anti-HCV antibodies detected by RIBA2. In group 2, 3 patients (15%) showed positive PCRs, whereas 4 patients (20%) had anti-HCV antibodies. Finally, in group 3, the PCR was positive in 3 patients (12.5%), while 9 (37.5%) had anti-HCV antibodies. All patients with positive PCRs showed positive anti-HCV antibodies detected by second-generation assays. On the other hand, these patients often had past HBV infection markers but rarely had HBV-DNA detected by PCR. These results suggest that in chronic alcoholic patients, regardless of the severity of liver injury, HCV replication is rarely observed by PCR. Indeed, replication is only observed when anti-HCV antibody detection is positive in second-generation assays, particularly with strong reactivity against C33-C and C22-3 antigens. The relatively high prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies in this population compared to the usual rates could be explained by the age, geographic and perhaps even socioeconomic origin of the patients.
 ...
PMID:Interest of the detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in patients with alcoholic liver disease. Comparison with the HBV status. 768 Mar 61

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of HCV antibodies was established, using recombinant N-14 fusion protein, and compared with the results of Ortho's HCV antibody (C-100 Ab) test, in serum samples of 1848 normal blood donors and 248 patients with liver diseases. The following results were obtained. 1) N-14 antibodies and C-100 antibodies were detected in 25 (1.4%) and 17 (0.9%) out of 1848 normal blood donors, respectively. The detection rate was enhanced by 1% by using the N-14 test in addition to the C-100 kit. 2) The prevalence rate of anti-HCV in NANB liver diseases was 119 of 169 patients (70.4%) by the N-14 test and 114 of 169 patients (67.5%) by the C-100 test. 145 (85.8%) patients were positive by either one of the assays. The antibody in patients with chronic hepatitis tends to be detect in higher rate by the N-14 test than the C-100 test (p < 0.01). Reversely the latter could detect in higher rate than the former in patients with liver cirrhosis (p < 0.01). The detection rate of the antibody in patients with HCC was the same level by these two tests. By using both tests the detection rate was increased by 15-18%, up to totally 85.8% when compared with the rate obtained by testing either one of these tests. 3) Among 79 patients with liver diseases unrelated to HCV infections such as chronic hepatitis B and auto-immune hepatitis, 3 cases (3.8%) were detected by the N-14 test and 7 (8.9%) by the C-100 test, suggesting more strict specificity of the N-14 test. History of blood transfusion of the patients gave no difference in the results. In conclusion, the N-14 test for the detection of HCV infection seems to be specific and sensitive for the blood-screening, and the diagnosis of hepatitis C infection.
 ...
PMID:[Virological studies on the usefulness of anti-HCV ELISA assay using recombinant N-14 fusion protein in various liver diseases]. 768 26

Bivariate flow cytometric analysis of p53 protein and DNA content was studied in archival specimens of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from Chinese patients and corresponding benign liver tissues from a series of 51 patients at Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences. Extracted nuclei were stained with the fluoresceinated monoclonal antibody PAb 1801, which recognizes human p53 protein (mutant and wild types). The nuclei were counterstained with the DNA stain propidium iodide. They were measured on an Ortho FC-200 flow cytometer and the data acquired and analyzed with an IBM 386 personal computer using Kusuda's Get Simple and List Simple software. Of the 51 hepatomas studied, 26 (51%) were p53 positive as compared with 4 (16%) of 24 samples of benign liver tissue from the same patients (P < .0257). The S-phase fraction of p53-positive HCC (12.3 +/- 8.8%) (SD) was significantly greater (P < .05) than for p53-negative HCC (7.4 +/- 7.2%). p53 Expression did not correlate with age, sex, alpha-fetoprotein, hepatitis B surface antigen, tumor size, tumor grade or survival rate. List Simple software permitted analysis of each specimen together with its isotype control (IgG1) on the same cytogram so that p53 expression could be determined separately for the diploid and aneuploid populations of aneuploid tumors and for tumor cells of diploid tumors in the various phases of the cell cycle. Since p53 (PAb 1801) expression can withstand formalin fixation and pepsin treatment of paraffin-embedded tissues, flow cytometric analysis of archival specimens is feasible, and clinical correlations such as these may be carried out in retrospective studies of other tumors.
 ...
PMID:Bivariate flow cytometric analysis of p53 and DNA content in hepatocellular carcinoma. 804 59

Surgical resection has been the standard approach for primary and metastatic liver tumors. Long-term survival, however, is limited because of recurrence or hepatic decompensation. Failure of chemotherapeutic regimens or liver transplantation (OLT) to prevent recurrence has resulted in the need for multimodality therapies. We report our experience with preoperative hepatic arterial chemoembolization (CET) followed by OLT in highly select patients. Over a 33-month period, 23 of 41 patients (56%) referred with primary (n = 16) or metastatic neuroendocrine (n = 7) liver tumors met eligibility requirements. Despite mild, self-limited chemical hepatitis, CET was well tolerated in all but three elderly patients who succumbed to liver failure. Four of five patients ultimately received OLT. Three are alive and free of disease at a mean followup of 17 months, one died of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma, and one (NET) remains well at 33 months with elevated glucagon levels but no measurable disease. All NET patients are alive with resolution of hormonal symptoms. Four of five noncirrhotic patients died of disease, and one has progressive tumor growth. Although OLT following CET achieves superior survival, its application is limited to a minority of patients with such tumors. Careful pretreatment staging and patient selection combined with caution in the use of CET in elderly cirrhotic patients is critical to the success of such therapies.
 ...
PMID:Intrahepatic arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic neuroendocrine tumors in the era of liver transplantation. 875 63

NET-1 is a member of the NET-x family. To explore the potential role of NET-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the expression of NET-1 and the relationship with HCC were examined for the first time. We found that NET-1 was frequently expressed in HCC and the peritumor tissue. The relative amounts of NET-1 mRNA in HCC and peritumor tissue were 0.645 +/- 0.37 and 0.466 +/- 0.30, respectively, indicating a higher expression level in HCC than in the peritumor (P < .05). NET-1 protein is usually located on the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm of HCC cells. NET-1 immunoreactivity was found in 126 out of 130 samples of HCC tissue (96.92%). An association of NET-1 expression with cytological variants, histopathological grading, and clinical stages of HCC was also found (P < .05). Detection of NET-1 gene expression in liver biopsy may provide useful information about the biological behavior of HCC.
 ...
PMID:Association of NET-1 gene expression with human hepatocellular carcinoma. 1791 40


<< Previous 1 2 3 Next >>