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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have carried out a prospective survey of 28 primary liver carcinomas over one year. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the commonest malignancy seen in Rhodesian blacks, which results in a high index of suspicion and accounts for the 96.4% positive diagnosis before death in this study. The age distribution was evenly spread through adult life with no definite peak incidence. Some were young and without evidence of chronic liver disease, but many had the stigmata of established hepatic disease. This contrasts with the common assertion that in areas of high incidence for primary liver cancer those affected are mainly young and lack signs of chronic liver disease. The commonest presenting symptoms were abdominal pain and swelling and weight loss. Hepatomegaly, often tender and nodular, was present in all but one. The incidence of alpha-feto protein, 46.5%, is low compared with other countries where primary liver cancer is common. Hepatitis B antigen was absent in all 28, suggesting that there is no association between the persistence of the antigen and hepatocellular carcinoma in Rhodesia. Liver function tests, although abnormal, were never diagnostic of primary liver cancer. We have confirmed the association of high alcohol consumption and cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma in the Rhodesian African. 6 99

The clinical course of 40 patients with histologically proven hepatocellular carcinoma was reviewed. The majority had symptoms and signs suggesting abdominal malignancy; these included abdominal pain, weight loss, tenderness in the right upper quadrant, hepatomegaly, and fever. The most useful diagnostic tests were determination of serum alkaline phosphatase level, sodium sulfobromophthalein (Bromsulphalein) excretion, and liver scan. Prothrombin time and bilirubin levels were normal or only slightly elevated. Celiac angiography was helpful in determining the extent of the disease. Surgical exploration was done in 25% of the cases, but in only 5% was resection attempted. The grim prognosis is indicated by the fact that only 10% of patients were alive six months after admission to the hospital.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma: a clinical study. 17 24

During a 23 year period at Memorial Hospital, the diagnosis of liver cell carcinoma was made in 42 patients who were 11 to 40 years old. Ninety per cent were Caucasian, mostly born in the United states. No occupational hazard was detected. Serum hepatitis antigen was demonstrated in only one patient. Alpha fetoprotein was found in the serum of 55 per cent of nine patients tested. Eight-three per cent were Rh positive, 43 per cent were ABO groups, A or O, respectively. Twenty-three per cent of 13 patients with sufficient material for study had an associated cirrhosis. Of these, active hepatitis with cirrhosis was present in one patient; postnecrotic cirrhosis was present in another. Approximately 7 per cent had a history of previous liver disease. One patient had infectious mononucleosis, and nearly 13 per cent gave a family history of cancer. Weight loss or pain in the right upper abdominal quadrant was present in 65 per cent, and hepatomegaly was found in 88 per cent. Only one patient presented with hemoperitoneum simulating an acute condition within abdomen. The liver profile examinations characteristically revealed an elevation in serum alkaline phosphatase, 5 nucleotidase, and Bromsulphalein retention with normal bilirubin level. The most common finding, upon roentgenographic examination, was an elevated right hemidiaphragm. Selective celiac and superior mesenteric angiography and 99mTc sulfur colloid liver scans were both done in 13 patients. There was a 75 per cent accuracy rate in localization of the tumor. At laparotomy, the tumor was found to be confined to one lobe in seven patients and involved both lobes in ten. Twenty-seven patients were thought to have multicentric tumors and 15 unicentric lesions. Only ten were found to be candidates for hepatic lobectomy. Five and ten years survival rates were 20 per cent; the operative mortality rate was 40 per cent. Twenty per cent died within a year, ten per cent, one patient, is alive with disease at 28 months and another is free of disease at 31-months. Paraneoplastic syndromes were erythrocytosis in two patients, terminal stage of hypoglycemia in one patient, and hypocholesterolemia with associated excess beta globulin in one patient.
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PMID:Liver cell carcinoma during the prime of life. 17 34

Case reports of benign hepatoma in young women taking oral contraceptives (OCs) are known to exist. A benign hepatic adenoma was discovered in a young woman who had been taking an OC (Ortho-Novum 2) for 7 years. Although hepatic adenoma is a rare tumor, the increasing number of reports of its occurrence strongly suggest an association between OCs and benign hepatic adenoma. Diagnosis must be suspected in any young woman taking OCs and developing signs of acute cholecystitis with hepatomegaly or mass, or presenting with signs and symptoms of nontraumatic intraabdominal hemorrage. Rupture of the tumor is life-threatening. Treatment should be removal of the tumor whenever possible.
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PMID:Benign liver cell adenoma associated with use of oral contraceptive agents. 17 59

Pattern of hepatomegaly in Lusaka is studied. It appears that toxic hepatitis, viral hepatitis, hepatoma, cirrhosis and schistomasis play a major part in our set up in producing hepatic pathology.
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PMID:Hepatomegaly in Lusaka. 17 19

We have reported here 38 cases of hepatoma observed over a period of 3 1/2 years in a Paris hospital, and recall the main circumstances of discovery of this primary tumour of the liver. Clinically, hepatomegaly with a hard, painful border, increasing rapidly in volume in a patient with a past history of alcoholism and with a poor general condition, remains the best sign. More often, decompensated cirrhosis is the only sign and may lead to the wrong diagnosis, until alphafoetoprotein estimation and laparoscopy are carried out. Unfortunately, the almost constant presence of cirrhosis, usually diffuse, and the pluricentric character of the hepatoma, make any attempt at removal immpossible. Treatment consists simply of the administration of analgesics whilst awaiting a fatal issue within 3 to 4 months. We believe that it is useful to have constantly in mind this terminal complication of cirrhosis as, at present, among the direct or associated causes of death from cirrhosis, hepatomas seem to account for about 20%.
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PMID:[Clinical and developmental aspects of hepatoma]. 18 Aug 63

In 3 patients with dermatomyositis scintigraphic examination of liver and spleen revealed in every case diseases of the liver such as hepatoma, hepatomegaly and damage of the liver parenchyma. Therefore scintigraphic examination of liver and spleen in patients with dermatomyositis is suggested to exclude primary or secondary affections of these organs.
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PMID:[Scintigraphic findings of liver and spleen in dermatomyositis]. 18 42

Observations on the clinical effects of venesection therapy in 85 treated, as compared with 26 untreated, patients with idiopathic haemochromatosis showed decreased pigmentation and hepatomegaly together with a return to normal tests of liver function in half the patients who had abnormal tests at presentation. Control improved in 28 per cent of those patients with diabetes mellitus, although some patients developed it during the period of observation, despite venesection. Portal hypertension, testicular atrophy and arthropathy were not improved. In only 12 patients was there sufficient reaccumulation of iron after the initial course of venesection to merit further treatment. Rates of iron accumulation in these patients varied between 1-4 mg and 4-8 mg per day and chelatable iron levels were noted to be inappropriately high in relation to body iron stores during the early stages of the reaccumulation period. Life table data shows that the percentage survival five and ten years after diagnosis was 66 and 32 per cent respectively for the treated patients, and 18 and 6 per cent respectively for the untreated patients, both statistically highly significant differences (p less than 0-01). Possible clinical differences such as age of presentation, the presence of diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis, clinical hepatic failure and hepatoma between the treated and untreated groups that might otherwise have weighted survival in favour of the treated group were corrected by the use of covariant analysis. This gave mean log survival values of 4-15 and 2-88 for the treated and untreated patients respectively, equivalent to 63-4 months and 17-8 months, a highly significant difference (p less than 0-01). Ten patients, all of whom had cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis, died of malignant hepatoma between three and 15 years after completing venesection therapy. There was also a high rate of death from neoplasms in a variety of other sites--22 per cent in the venesected group, strikingly higher than that rate predicted for a similarly aged population using national cancer mortality rates.
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PMID:Long term results of venesection therapy in idiopathic haemochromatosis. 18 63

We report new operative approaches to the treatment of hepatic vein occlusion due to malignant tumors in the liver and their results in four patients. Two patients had hepatoma, one had metastatic melanoma, and one had metastatic leiomyosarcoma. All of them had abdominal pain, abdominal distention secondary to ascites, and massive hepatomegaly. The right lobe and medial segment of the left lobe of the liver were involved in three patients, and the involvement was diffuse throughout the liver in one. Hepatic veins were occluded completely in one patient, and two of three veins were occluded in the others. Two patients were treated by hepatic resection and removal of tumor thrombus from the hepatic vein under isolation-perfusion technique. They lived 18 and six months, respectively, without recurrence of Budd-Chiari syndrome. Tumors in the other patients were diffuse and could not be resected. The hepatic artery was ligated and chemotherapy was given postoperatively. Ascites and abdominal pain disappeared completely in one, who survived 17 months. The other patient had significant palliation and lived nine months.
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PMID:Surgical management of hepatic vein occlusion by tumor: Budd-Chiari syndrome. 19 61

This paper gives, in detail, the causes of either liver disease or hepatomegaly in 100 patients, mostly adults, admitted to the medical wards of Angau Memorial Hospital, Lae, during 1968 and 1969. The major findings included liver cell carcinoma, cirrhosis (often with chronic active hepatitis), tropical splenomegaly, pericholangitis and hepatitis. There were 27 with miscellaneous findings including ten with normal, or almost normal, livers despite the definite enlargement. Patients with liver cell carcinoma presented late in the course of their illness and had a poor prognosis. Others, with pericholangitis, had clinical features of portal hypertension indistinguishable from that complicated cirrhosis. There was an unexpected number with chronic active hepatitis and a liver biopsy is essential for such a diagnosis. Hepatic sinusoidal lymphocytosis is almost invariably found in patients with TS but may occasionally be found in those with a non-palpable spleen. Patients with right heart failure of chronic respiratory disease, and jaundice of acute pneumonia were excluded from the study.
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PMID:Liver disease in Papua New Guinea. 19 19


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