Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were treated with YNK-01, a prodrug of cytarabine for oral administration. A dose of 200 mg/d of YNK-01 was administered to 17 cases and 300 mg/d to 15 cases. One course was 2 weeks in duration, and this was repeated every 4 weeks for as long as the patients were able to tolerate it. There were five partial responses (15%) and 13 patients with no change (41%). A higher partial response rate was observed in the 300 mg/d group (27%) compared with the 200 mg/d group (6%). The average durations of partial response and no change were approximately 4 and 3 months, respectively. The main side effects of YNK-01 were anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and symptoms of the alimentary tract (nausea, anorexia, diarrhea, etc). These results suggest that YNK-01 is a potentially useful oral agent for chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:The effect of YNK-01 (an oral prodrug of cytarabine) on hepatocellular carcinoma. 915 27

Sixty-four consecutive subjects with hepatocellular carcinoma were prospectively studied in the department of Hepatology, IPGMR, Dhaka. Their mean age was 50.11 years. Fifty-two were male and 12 female. Cirrhosis was present in 12 (18.75%) subjects. Thirty subjects (46.88%) had HBsAg in their sera. Seven (58.33% of females) patients gave history of use of oral contraceptives. Cirrhosis, HBV infection, male sex, middle age, and probably the use of oral contraceptives in females appeared to be important risk factors for development of HCC in Bangladesh. Majority of patients presented with upper abdominal pain, weight loss and anorexia. Hepatomegaly was invariably present. Alpha fetoprotein was significantly higher in cirrhotic HCC patients than in non-cirrhotic ones. Median survival was two months. None of the clinical or laboratory features predicted the prognosis.
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PMID:Etiology and clinical profile of hepatocellular carcinoma in Bangladesh. 936 73

We performed a 17-year retrospective analysis of 10 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as pyogenic liver abscess. Spontaneous tumor necrosis and biliary obstruction caused by tumor thrombi, superimposed with bacterial infection, were the two major pathogeneses. Exact diagnosis of the underlying hepatocellular carcinoma was made for five of the 10 patients before management was attempted. Main clinical manifestations included fever, chills, right-upper-quadrant pain, malaise, anorexia, jaundice, and hepatomegaly. Characteristics such as middle age and male sex, seropositivity for hepatitis B and/or hepatitis C, chronic liver disease, unexplained anemia, marked weight loss, and a severely inversed albumin/globulin ratio raise suspicions about the underlying hepatocellular carcinoma. Management strategies included percutaneous drainage (n = 3), surgical drainage (n = 4), and hepatectomy (n = 3) in addition to administration of parenteral antibiotics in all cases. The prognosis was dismal, with a mean survival of 3.5 months (range, 8 days to 6 months).
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as pyogenic liver abscess: characteristics, diagnosis, and management. 959 57

Twenty-three patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were enrolled in this cooperative study conducted in Hirosaki University Hospital. They were treated with YNK-01, a prodrug of cytarabine for oral administration. YNK-01 was given for 2 weeks and repeated every 4 weeks for as long as possible. There were 13 patients with NC, 10 with PD, and no PR. Among NC cases, 5 patients were maintained with NC for longer than 6 months. The main side effects of YNK-01 were anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and symptoms of the alimentary tract (nausea, anorexia, diarrhea, etc), but no severe side effects over Grade 3 were observed.
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PMID:[Late phase II study of YNK-01 (an oral prodrug of cytarabine) for hepatocellular carcinoma]. 979 16

Rats bearing the Yoshida AH-130 ascites hepatoma showed an increased expression of both uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) (194%) and UCP3 (189%) mRNA levels in skeletal muscle 7 days after tumour inoculation. Interestingly, an even greater increase was observed in mRNA for both UCP2 (278%) and UCP3 (797%) in the pair-fed animals, suggesting that the increase in gene expression was the result of the anorexia associated with tumour burden. The results constitute the first report of UCP2 and UCP3 gene expression during cancer cachexia and agree to their possible role in the increase of energy expenditure associated with tumour growth.
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PMID:Skeletal muscle UCP2 and UCP3 gene expression in a rat cancer cachexia model. 980 Nov 60

We have examined the role of leptin in tumor-induced anorexia in 2 different tumor models. In rats bearing the Yoshida AH-130 ascites hepatoma, the reduction in food intake becomes important from day 6 after tumor inoculation. Interestingly, at day 4, when the animals do not show any anorectic behavior, circulating leptin levels were already reduced. Indeed, in all the tumor-bearing groups studied the levels of leptin were lower than in control animals. Moreover, the changes in the circulating levels paralleled changes in adipose tissue leptin mRNA expression, even at early stages following tumor inoculation when neither food intake nor fat stores were modified by the presence of a tumor. Interestingly, 7-day pair-fed controls showed changes similar to those present in tumor-bearing rats. These results agree with previous observations relating fasting to decreased leptin expression. Similar results were observed in another tumor model, the mouse Lewis lung carcinoma; i.e., at day 8 after tumor inoculation (when the animals did not show anorexia) both the circulating levels and the adipose leptin mRNA expression were also reduced. Our results suggest that experimental cancer-induced anorexia is not related to leptin changes.
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PMID:Leptin and tumor growth in rats. 1032 24

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are immunoregulatory cytokines that mediate many aspects of the acute phase response to infection and injury. It has been hypothesized that these cytokines mediate the onset of the cachexia-anorexia syndrome with tumor growth. The anorexigenic effects of IL-1 are mediated in part by prostaglandins (PG). Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine if administration of ibuprofen (ibu) or indomethacin (indo), which inhibit PG synthesis, would affect the food intake and body weight of tumor-bearing rats. Rats were implanted with the Morris 7777 hepatoma, a tumor known to induce anorexia and weight loss in rats, and weight loss and leukocyte synthesis of IL-1 and TNF in mice. Treatment with indo or ibu did not improve food intake or body weight in the tumor-bearing rats. However, administration of ibu coincident with tumor implantation did result in smaller tumor mass compared to placebo-treated controls. The results of the present study suggest that PG synthesis is not a major factor in the onset of anorexia in this animal model of tumor-induced anorexia. However, further studies of the effects of inhibitors of PG synthesis on the kinetics of tumor growth are clearly indicated.
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PMID:Inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis do not improve food intake or body weight of tumor-bearing rats. 1052 Jan 90

Daily s.c. administration of 6 mg/kg of FR167653 (an inhibitor of the synthesis of interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha) to rats bearing the ascites hepatoma Yoshida AH-130 (a highly cachectic tumour) did not prevent either the anorexia or the massive weight loss - affecting both adipose tissue and skeletal muscle - present in the cachectic animals. The compound did not affect the circulating levels of triacylglycerols or other metabolites such as glucose or lactate. Nor did the administration of FR167653 influence tumour growth. It is concluded that the drug is unable to reverse the cachectic state in this particular experimental tumour model.
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PMID:Lack of effect of the cytokine suppressive agent FR167653 on tumour growth and cachexia in rats bearing the Yoshida AH-130 ascites hepatoma. 1089 48

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is an immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a major role in tumor-induced anorexia and weight loss. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are naturally occurring isomers of linoleic acid that, when added to the diet, improve food intake and body weight in mice injected with TNF. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of a diet supplemented with 0.5% CLA on the nutritional status of rats implanted with the Morris 7777 hepatoma. Body weight, food intake, serum levels of insulin-like growth factor, and splenocyte synthesis of TNF were not different in tumor-bearing animals fed CLA versus the control diet. However, insulin levels were increased in both tumor-bearing and control animals given CLA. The 0.5% CLA did not improve the nutritional status nor alter TNF synthesis in hypophagic tumor-bearing rats. The biological significance of increased insulin levels in animals given CLA remains to be determined.
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PMID:Dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid does not improve nutritional status of tumor-bearing rats. 1180 19

In this work, 60 patients with an hepatocarcinoma diagnosis, corrobarated with hepatic biopsies at the Hospital Cayetano Heredia, between 1969 and 1997, are studied to determine clinical presentation and laboratory findings of this entity within us. The early hepatocarcinoma cases studied were 60. The age group that suffered mostly from this pathology was between 60 to 69 years (23.33%), followed by the age group of 20 to 29 years (20%). While the mean age was of 45 years. 56.66% were male, and 43.33% were female. 56.66% of cases came from the Coast, 30% from the Mountains, and 13.33% from the Jungle. Cronic and excessive alcohol ingestion appeared as background in 25% of cases. The average period of apparent disease was seven (7) weeks. The main symptoms at their admission were: abdominal mass sensation (81.66%), weight loss (81.66%) superior hemiabdominal pain (80%), and anorexia (60%). In 95% of cases the predominant sign was Hepatomegaly. The survival term of those patients whom we were able to follow-up was of less than six (6) months in 86.84 /x, less or equal to.
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PMID:[EARLY HEPATOCARCINOMA AT HOSPITAL CAYETANO HEREDIA(January 1969 - April 1997) CLINICAL AND LABORATORY FINDINGS] 1217 5


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