Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nineteen patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma, three with cholangiocarcinoma, two with hepatocellular carcinoma, and one with carcinoid were treated with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy. An implantable pump system was used to deliver floxuridine (FUdR), starting at 400 mg for 2 weeks with 2 weeks of rest. Eleven of 15 (73%) measurable patients with colorectal carcinoma responded. Of 6 complete responses, 4 were documented by laparotomy, including 1 with cholangiocarcinoma. Toxicity included dyspepsia and elevated liver function tests in all patients, gastric ulcer in 2, cholecystitis in 2, and sclerosing cholangitis in 3. Overall median survival for the colon cancer patients has not been reached at 16 months. Regional disease was controlled in the majority of patients treated with this regimen with acceptable toxicity and good quality of life.
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PMID:Hepatic perfusion with FUdR utilizing an implantable system in patients with liver primary cancer or metastatic cancer confined to the liver. 254 47

It is not uncommon for patients with colon cancer to have a second primary neoplasm. The reported incidence of synchronous colon tumors is approximately about 3 to 4 per cent. Colon cancer also may be associated with a synchronous extra-colonic neoplasm; this incidence is less well defined and certainly is less emphasized in the literature. The authors recently treated a patient who had a synchronous hepatoma and adenocarcinoma of the colon. This appears to be the first report of these tumors presenting synchronously. The patient had both tumors resected and has no evidence of recurrence ten months later. This case illustrates the need to seek both colonic and extra-colonic synchronous tumors in patients discovered to have a colon cancer.
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PMID:Synchronous hepatocellular carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the colon. 254 28

Five unusual cases of bile-duct obstruction are presented. There were three cases of intrabiliary hepatoma, one of intrabiliary colon cancer metastasis, and one cystadenoma of the bile-duct. The importance of an accurate diagnosis is emphasized, as these tumours can be treated by surgery or by biliary stenting, sometimes with prolonged survival.
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PMID:Biliary obstruction due to intraductal tumor. 254 67

Previously established human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed to carbohydrate antigens are essentially all IgM class, and show relatively low affinity and low reactivity at 37 degrees C. We report here the establishment of a human IgG3 MAb displaying high affinity antigen-binding activity at 37 degrees C and efficiently activating cellular cytotoxicity directed to human tumor cell lines expressing the polylactosamine antigen. The IgG3 MAb (MH21-134) reacted with the repeated unbranched polylactosamine structure Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----3Gal beta 1----R, i.e., nLc6, nLc8, etc., but did not react with sialyl 2----3 or 2----6 substituted derivatives at the terminal Gal. This specificity differs from that of several anti-i antibodies, or human anti-i-like MAbs which react with sialyl 2----3 substituted structures. Directly biotinylated MH21-134 antibody was used in immunohistochemical staining of 154 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections to study distribution of the antigen. High incidence of positive staining was found in colon cancer (11/17; 65%) and hepatocellular carcinoma (8/12; 67%), followed by large cell and squamous cell carcinoma of lung cancer (10/13; 59%, and 14/26; 54%, respectively). TLC immunostaining of glycolipid extracts from a variety of tumor tissues showed the presence of nLc6 and/or nLc8 in over 50% of cases. The antigens nLc6 and nLc8 were found to be absent from normal colonic epithelia, kidney, and pancreas. Only a weak band corresponding to nLc8 and one corresponding to nLc6 were found in liver and spleen, although all these normal tissues, including gastrointestinal epithelia, lung, liver, spleen, erythrocytes, and lymphocytes, were essentially negative on immunohistology. However, the antigen was found to be highly expressed in myelocytes and weakly in bronchial glands of lung and pancreatic duct epithelia. Nevertheless, expression of unsubstituted, unbranched polylactosamine antigen could be an important basis for induction of humoral immune response against certain types of human cancer, despite its limited expression in normal cells.
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PMID:Human IgG3 monoclonal antibody directed to an unbranched repeating type 2 chain (Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----3Gal beta 1----R) which is highly expressed in colonic and hepatocellular carcinoma. 255 93

A high molecular weight, mucous glycoprotein (MG) from the pleural fluid of lung adenocarcinoma was purified by the DEAE-cellulose, gel-filtration and wheat germ agglutinin affinity chromatography. Protein portion of the molecule was composed of amino acids rich in serine, threonine and proline, but methionine and tyrosine concentrations were relatively low. About 65% of the weight, was composed of galactose, galactosamine, glucosamine, fucose and sialic acid. The gel-filtration pattern on Sepharose 4B revealed Mr greater than 10(6) Da. The SDS-PAGE pattern revealed a main band at the position of the Mr about 350 kDa under the reducing condition. Rabbit antibody against this molecule recognized mainly the peptide portion, and the radioimmunoassay (RIA) using the double antibody method was developed by this antibody. Serum MG level was low in healthy subjects and in benign diseases (0.8 +/- 0.7 U/ml; mean +/- SD and 1.1 +/- 2.3 U/ml, respectively). Thus, 3 U/ml was used as the cut-off value. The mean of serum MG levels and positive rates in malignant diseases were significantly high; 4.4 U/ml and 32.3% in lung cancer, 20.1 U/ml and 77.5% in pancreas cancer 11.6 U/ml and 64.3% in gastric cancer, 12.9 U/ml and 57.1% in hepatoma, 12.3 U/ml and 77.8 in colon cancer. Other malignancies such as ovarial and uterus cancer showed also high levels. Elevated values in these malignancies were observed frequently in patients with metastasis. On the other hand, the false positive cases were found in 10% of benign diseases. Determination of MG seems to be useful for the detection of several kinds of malignancies, but it is not adequately sensitive as a screening method for early cancer detection.
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PMID:Clinical significance of mucin-like high molecular weight glycoprotein originated from lung cancer as tumor marker. 274 68

The authors studied on SCC antigen in patients with esophageal carcinoma. Serum SCC antigen was found in 9 (40.9%) of 22 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 5 (55.5%) of 9 patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma, but was not found in other malignant diseases, such as gastric cancer, hepatoma, colon cancer, pancreas cancer and biliary try tract cancer. SCC antigen positive cases increased in association with progression of histological invasion, grade of nodal metastasis and clinical stage. However, in early esophageal carcinoma, SCC antigen was rarely positive. There was no positive case in patients with poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma regardless of clinical stage. Positive rate of SCC antigen increased in association with progression of clinical stage in patients with moderately and well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Immunoreactivity of SCC, which was investigated immunohistologically with TA-4 rabbit serum, was not found in cases with poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, but was found in keratinized portion and cytoplasm of moderately and well differentiated carcinoma. From the above, SCC antigen is intimately related with keratinization of squamous cell carcinoma, and it was thought that it could be useful as a good marker for diagnosis of moderately and well differentiated squamous carcinoma of the esophagus.
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PMID:[Studies on antigen associated with human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC antigen) in patients with esophageal carcinoma]. 274 8

The statistics of clinical observation at Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Dental University at Niigata from July 1981 to December 1987 (duration 6.5 years) were as follows: Total number of inpatients: 1,238, Total number of death cases: 106. Findings include: 1) Ratio of male patients to female patients 1.34:1.00. Male deceased patients to female deceased patients 1.52:1.00. 2) Average patients number hospitalized per year was 200. The high percentaged of certain advanced aged groups was reflected by the recent demographic changes in the society in general.; in their 60's 46.0%, in their 70's 24.3%, in their 80's 6.7%. In these age groups, female number is tendency to increase the number of male. 3) The diseases of inpatients were mostly due to the digestive tract, which accounted for 60.4% of the total. Of this percentage, 65% was due to hepato-biliary diseases. 4) The death statistics of malignant tumor was 68.9%; Benign diseases being 31.1%. Male patients died from hepatocellar carcinoma, lung cancer, colon cancer and stomach cancer, in descending order. Females died from cancer of the biliary tract, stomach cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, again, in descending order. 5) 71.7% of all deaths were caused by the digestive tract, in particular, hepatocellular carcinoma, cancer of the biliary tract, liver cirrhosis and primary biliary cirrhosis, all belonging primarily to the hepato-biliary disease group. 6) As a result of 58 autopsies performed for 106 death cases, 32 cases had complete autopsies and 26 cases had partial organ punctures.
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PMID:[Clinico-statistical study of inpatients and autopsied cases in our clinic]. 276 60

Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell induction was evaluated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 28 colon cancer patients and in the tumor-infiltrating leukocytes (TIL) from 20 of the patients' colon cancer specimens. Modulation of LAK cell induction in TIL and PBMC by inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism also was examined. LAK cells were induced in vitro in isolated TIL and PBMC by culturing with 500 U/ml of recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 3 to 5 days, and this was followed by the assessment of cytolytic activity against natural killer (NK)-resistant Chang hepatoma cells. LAK cell induction in the TIL was depressed significantly, compared with LAK cell induction in the PBMC of colon cancer patients (P less than 0.01). In the majority of cases, indomethacin augmented LAK cell induction in the TIL (P = 0.073 for the entire group, compared with cultures not treated with indomethacin) and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) depressed LAK cell induction (P less than 0.05 for the entire group, compared with cultures not treated with NDGA). Further characterization of the mechanisms responsible for modulating LAK cell induction in the TIL of cancer patients may identify ways to optimize their use in adoptive cellular immunotherapy.
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PMID:Lymphokine-activated killer cell induction in tumor-infiltrating leukocytes from colon cancer patients. 280 13

We assayed serum levels of certain enzymes and tumor markers in patients after transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment. Twenty patients had hepatocellular carcinoma and two patients had metastases to the liver from colon cancer. Assays were first done immediately after TAE and were continued for the next 12 days. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT; EC 2.6.1.1, L-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT; EC 2.6.1.2, L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase), and lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27; (S)-lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase) peaked 24 to 48 h after TAE and returned to the base lines in 7 to 10 days. Mitochondrial GOT (mGOT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH; EC 1.4.1.2, L-glutamate:NAD+ oxidoreductase) also peaked at the same time after TAE. alpha-Fetoprotein peaked 2 h after TAE and decreased to half of the baseline on day 7. Carcinoembryonic antigen peaked at 24 h and fell at 48 h only in the patients with colon cancer. The total amount of cytosolic GOT, GPT, mGOT, and GLDH released was correlated to the volume of the necrotic mass estimated by computed tomography scans. The correlation coefficients for mGOT and GLDH were r = 0.919 and r = 0.939 (both p less than 0.001), respectively. Assays of mGOT and GLDH may be useful to estimate the volume of the necrotic mass of a hepatoma or metastatic carcinoma in the liver.
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PMID:Changes in serum enzyme activity after transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatic neoplasm. 283 50

Using the human tumor clonogenic assay technique, the combined effects of mitomycin C (MMC) with alpha-interferon (HLBI) were surveyed in comparison with 33 fresh human tumor specimens. Tumors in this study were 16 gastric cancers, five breast cancers, four liposarcomas, three colon cancers, two gall bladder cancers, two esophageal cancers, and one hepatoma. When the survival fraction observed in drug combination was smaller than the multiplication of each survival fraction observed in each drug alone, the combined effects were considered to be synergistic. Twenty-two of 33 tumors (gastric cancer 11/16, breast cancer 5/5, liposarcoma 2/4, colon cancer 1/3, gall bladder cancer 2/2, esophageal cancer 1/2, and hepatoma 0/1) formed adequate colony numbers for the evaluation of combined drug effects. Synergistic effects were observed in seven tumors (three gastric cancers, one breast cancer, one gall bladder cancer, one liposarcoma and one esophageal cancer), although three tumors (one gastric cancer, one gall bladder cancer, and one colon cancer) exhibited antagonistic effects.
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PMID:[In vitro phase II-III study by clonogenic assay: the combined effects of mitomycin C with alpha-interferon]. 308 90


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