Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 62-year-old male patient was admitted for spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. He also had multiple lung metastases and liver dysfunction. So neither operation nor trans-arterial embolization could be performed. He had been administered UFT (400 mg/day) orally every day. After 5 months of daily administration, there was complete disappearance of multiple lung metastasis and reduction of the primary tumor. This case suggests that UFT is effective for some advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic metastasis.
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PMID:[A case of hepatocellular carcinoma with reduction of primary tumor and disappearance of multiple lung metastasis]. 867 24

Endobronchial metastasis (EM) from nonpulmonary tumors is uncommon. A 9-year retrospective study at the University Hospital Vall d'Hebron (Barcelona, Spain) identified 32 patients with EM. All but four cases were diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchial biopsy. Primary tumors included the following types: breast cancer (20), colorectal cancer (3), melanoma (2), gastric cancer (1), neuroblastoma of the olfactory nerve (1), abdominal leiomyosarcoma (1), hypernephroma (1), endometrial carcinoma (1), papillary thyroid cancer (1), and hepatocarcinoma (1). Median age at diagnosis of EM was 58.7 years and median interval from the diagnosis of the primary tumor to the diagnosis of EM was 50.4 months. Seventeen patients (53%) had evidence of other metastatic sites at endobronchial relapse. The more common clinical manifestations included cough (37.5%), haemoptysis (28%), dyspnea (18.7%), and recurrent pulmonary infections (6.2%). Eight patients (25%) had no symptoms. There appears to be a predilection for metastatic involvement of the right and left upper lobe bronchus. Treatment was instituted in 20 patients, and their median survival was 11 months, in comparison with the 3 months found in 12 patients who received only palliative therapy because of advanced disseminated disease. Breast cancer is the most common tumor causing EM. The prognosis of patients with EM depends on the type of the primary tumor and the presence of other metastatic sites. Treatment must be individualized.
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PMID:Endobronchial metastatic disease: analysis of 32 cases. 869 37

Metastases to the tonsils are extremely infrequent. Less than 70 cases have been reported in literature since 1858. The commonest sources of tonsillar metastases are malignant melanomas and carcinomas of the breast and the lungs. We report about two new cases of tonsillar metastases, one of which developed from a malignant melanoma, the other one from a hepatocellular carcinoma. We have not found any reports on tonsillar metastases stemming from hepatocellular carcinomas in literature and, moreover, in our case, this was the clinical presentation of the primary tumor.
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PMID:Tonsillar metastases: report on two cases and review of literature. 870 93

Seventeen patients with ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) underwent a hepatic resection from 1985 to 1992 at either Kyushu University Hospital or Iizuka Hospital in Japan. They all underwent elective surgical procedures except for one patient who experienced a repeated rupture during hospitalization. A comparative study between the patients with ruptured HCC and non-ruptured large HCC measuring more than 6 cm in size (n = 29) revealed that the 3-year disease-free survival rate of the ruptured HCC group was 14.5% which was worse than that of the non-ruptured group at 39.9%. There was no difference in the rates of peritoneal dissemination, distant metastasis or intrahepatic recurrence between the two groups. Regarding the intrahepatic recurrence pattern, widespread multinodular recurrence frequently occured in the ruptured patients, which was thought to be caused by the high incidence of venous invasion in the primary tumor. The intratumor pressure of the ruptured HCC appeared to be elevated and is considered to be one of the main reasons for the high incidence of venous invasion.
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PMID:Surgical results of spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma. 875 Nov 97

Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma (oat cell carcinoma) is a malignant epithelial neoplasm with neuroendocrine features. It can appear as a primary tumor in many organs besides the lung, including the colon. We report a case of primary small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the left colon with omental metastases in a 23-year-old man with a history of X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome. The patient had a simultaneous primary hepatocellular carcinoma. A literature review of this rare colonic malignancy is presented together with a discussion of the possible relationship of this tumor with hepatic malignancy and immunodeficiency.
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PMID:Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the colon associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in an immunodeficient patient. 881

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most important malignancies in Japan (1, 2). Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), which is a glycolyticenzyme, and exists in various types of human tissue and neoplasms, has also been reported to demonstrate a high level (especially LDH 5) in the serum of patients with HCC (3-10). We herein report the findings of a 68-year-old male patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), whose serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level more closely correlated with the clinical course than the alpha-feto-protein level (AFP). Both the AFP and LDH levels were high before the operation (AFP 1402 ng/ml; LDH 638 IU/L) (LDH1 11%; LDH2 24%; LDH3 34%; LDH4 19%; LDH5 12%). The levels of the serum LDH and AFP one week after the right hepatic lobectomy both decreased to 423 IU/L and 331 ng/ml, respectively. In addition, the LDH isozyme pattern returned to normal. Six weeks after the operation, the serum LDH increased to 3504 IU/L, however, the AFP levels remained low at 43.4 ng/ml, and the CT findings demonstrated multiple recurrent nodules in the whole remnant liver. At eighty-one days after the operation, the patient died due to a rupture of the recurrent HCC. Immunohistochemical observations were performed using the peroxidase labeled streptavidin-biotin technique with slight modifications and using two monoclonal antibodies for AFP and for Ki-67. Most portions of the primary tumor consisted of poorly to undifferentiated HCC. The portion of undifferentiated HCC did not stain for AFP antibody, but the portion of poorly differentiated HCC stained positively for it. It was thus speculated that LDH was mainly produced in the portion of undifferentiated HCC. In addition the undifferentiated HCC were strongly positive for Ki-67, while, in contrast, the poorly HCC was only weakly positive for Ki-67. Based on the above findings, HCC with a high serum level of LDH appears to show both a rapid growth and highly malignant tumors.
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PMID:The characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma with a high level of serum lactic dehydrogenase: a case report. 922 98

Paraffin-embedded hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples were used to study point mutation of p53 gene at 249 codon in the exon 7 by polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis under Hae III enzyme digestion. Fourteen primary tumor foci and 15 recurrent tumor foci from 11 patients were investigated. p53 gene point mutation was detected in 10 of 14 primary foci (71.4%), in 10 of 15 recurrent foci (66.7%) and in 10 of 12 multiple foci. The p53 genotype of the primary and recurrent tumor foci was the same in 5 patients but different in 6. The p53 genotype of the primary and recurrent tumor foci was identical in 5 patients with multiple tumor nodules. The results suggest that recurrent HCC was multi-centric in origin in 7 of the 11 patients but was mono-centric in the other 4 patients studied.
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PMID:[Analysis of cell origin of human hepatocellular carcinoma according to p53 gene mutation]. 938 69

We investigated the long-term outcome of combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A series of 86 patients with biopsy-proved HCC were treated at our Institution January, 1991, to June, 1996. All patients had a single primary tumor bigger than 3 cm, occurring solitary or associated with no more than 2 daughter nodules. Forty-eight patients were in Child class A and 38 patients were in Child class B. The diameter of the lesions ranged 3 to 8 cm (mean: 5.3 cm). The treatment schedule included a single TACE performed via a segmental approach by injecting an emulsion of 20-70 mg adriblastin or farmorubicin and 5-20 ml Lipiodol followed by gelatin sponge particles. Four weeks later, CT and MR follow-up studies were performed and PEI was subsequently started. PEI included 4-16 treatment sessions (mean: 6.8 sessions) performed under US guidance. The total amount of alcohol administered ranged 16 to 215 ml (mean: 69 ml). All patients were followed after therapy with clinical examinations. laboratory tests, and US, CT, and MR studies performed at regular time intervals. The follow-up period ranged 4 to 65 months (mean: 27.8 months; median: 26 months). No major treatment-related complication occurred. The therapeutic response, as assessed with imaging studies performed after the end of treatment, was complete tumor necrosis in 71 of 86 patients (82%) and partial tumor necrosis in the remaining 15. Overall survival rates by the Kaplan-Meier method were 92% at 1 year, 83% at 2 years, 69% at 3 years, 58% at 4 years, and 47% at 5 years. The survival of Child A patients (75% at 3 years and 59% at 5 years) was significantly longer (p < .01) than that of Child B patients (61% at 3 years and 35% at 5 years). During the follow-up, a recurrence of the treated tumors was observed in 5 patients, and new HCCs appeared in 46 patients. The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year recurrence rates by the Kaplan-Meier method were 14%, 35%, 56%, 69%, and 82%, respectively. The long-term results of combined treatment with TACE and PEI confirm the effectiveness of this therapeutic approach in patients with large uninodular HCC.
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PMID:[Combined treatment of hepatocarcinoma with chemoembolization and alcohol administration. Long-term results]. 942 45

Since the stroma of hepatocellular carcinoma is composed of sinusoid-like structures, cancer cells are readily released from the primary tumor with possible injurious consequences. A 63-year-old woman with hepatocellular carcinoma underwent percutaneous ethanol injection therapy. During this treatment, tumor thrombus developed in the right hepatic vein. Partial hepatic resection was performed. Six months later, multiple nodules appeared in the lung fields. Partial necrosis may have allowed the release of cancer cells from the primary tumor. Perioperative therapy should have an effect on intrahepatic micrometastases, because removal of the main tumor can be done surgically.
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PMID:[Necrosis of the hepatocellular carcinoma nodule can aggravate metastasis]. 961 2

Hepatocellular carcinoma metastatic to the oral cavity is a rare phenomenon. From 1957 to date, 51 case have been documented in the English literature. In this report we describe a case of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma manifesting itself as unilateral mandibular paresthesia before the discovery of the primary tumor. In addition, we review the literature related to metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma and the pathways of metastasis.
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PMID:Initial presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma as a mandibular mass: case report and review of the literature. 979 31


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