Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activity of NADPH- and NADH-dependent erythrocyte glutathione reductase was determined in rats with Morris 5123 hepatoma at different stages of tumor development (10, 20, 30 and 40 days after transplantation). During the early stage of tumor growth the activity of glutathione reductase with either of these coenzymes was increased. In the late stage of the disease the activity of NADPH-dependent glutathione reductase fell below control values. The obtained results are discussed in the light of previous observations on the effects of this neoplasm on the metabolism of erythrocytes.
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PMID:[Glutathione reductase activity in erythrocytes of rats with transplantable Morris 5123 hepatoma]. 73 12

Protein synthesis was significantly enhanced in subcellular systems containing ribosomes and cytosol from the liver of Walker tumor-bearing rats from the second week following the tumor transplantation and this enhancement persisted for the whole period of tumor growth. Homologous systems from Zajdela hepatoma and host liver showed a markedly increased poly(U)-dependent peptide elongation when compared with normal liver tissue. A stimulation of polyphenylalanine synthesis resulted from the addition of cytosols from tumors or host liver to ribosomes from normal rat liver. Similar results were found for the binding of phenylalanyl-tRNA to ribosomes. Ribosomes from tumors and host liver are more active in peptide elongation than particles from normal liver tissue. A more than 10-fold stimulation of phenylalanine polymerization resulted from the addition of poly(U) to ribosomes from Zajdela hepatoma whereas only less than 2-fold enhancement was found when using ribosomes from normal or host liver. Hepatoma ribosomes apparently contain only a low proportion of polyribosomes carrying natural message. Enhanced protein synthesis in tumors and host liver is apparently due, in particular, to an increased activity of soluble factors required for protein synthesis and less due to an increased activity of ribosomes.
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PMID:Protein synthesis in tumor host. I. Enhanced peptide elongation in transplantable tumors and host liver. 74 61

This prospective study was undertaken to substantiate observations that glutathione (GSH) inhibits or reverses tumor growth in humans with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a neoplasm with an extremely poor prognosis. Eight patients with biopsy-proven HCC not amenable to surgery were given 5 g of GSH daily from the time of diagnosis. Two patients withdrew shortly after receiving GSH due to intolerable side-effects. Of the six eligible patients, two had mildly advanced tumors and four moderately advanced tumors. At 1-2-month intervals the liver was CT and ultra-sound scanned to assess the growth status of the tumor (progression, stagnation or regression). All the patients, except a male with a fibrolamellar type of HCC, died within 1 year after diagnosis. Two women with moderately advanced tumors survived almost 1 year, tumor growth stopped or regressed and in one of the women an initially abnormal alfa-1-fetoprotein (AFP) returned to normal after GSH treatment. AFP remained normal throughout the treatment period in the other women. These observations indicate that GSH may have a sex-dependent effect on HCC. However, further studies involving more patients are required to pursue this hypothesis.
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PMID:Glutathione treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. 128 Mar 15

Repeated i.p. injections of the synthetic peptides pyroglutamylglutamylglycylserylasparagine and pyroglutamylglutamylglycylserylaspartic acid inhibited the long-term growth of MH1C1 rat hepatoma cells by 50-70% in three in vivo models: metastatic colony growth in the lungs of young Buffalo rats; s.c. tumor growth in young Buffalo rats; and s.c. tumor growth in athymic mice. The amide free peptide pyroglutamylglutamylglycylserylaspartic acid which inhibited the tumor growth in all the models showed a curvilinear dose-response relationship with a maximal effect at 1000 pmol/animal in mice and at 100 pmol/animal in rats. The amidated peptide pyroglutamylglutamylglycylserylasparagine, which was only tested in the lung model, showed growth inhibition with 2, 20, or 200 pmol/animal, but 200 pmol/animal was most effective. We have recently reported that these peptides show cochromatography with hepatic growth inhibitory peptides, isolated from mouse liver.
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PMID:The synthetic hepatic peptides pyroglutamylglutamylglycylserylasparagine and pyroglutamylglutamylglycylserylaspartic acid inhibit growth of MH1C1 rat hepatoma cells transplanted into Buffalo rats or athymic mice. 131 Jun 41

To clarify the relationship between the growth rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and nutritional state or liver function 32 HCC patients with a tumor volume less than 100 ml at the beginning of the study were investigated. These patients all had been treated by serial transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). Tumor volume was measured by integrating the CT images of the liver before each TAE. The tumor at the TAE just before significant enlargement occurred was defined as the stage I tumor and it was designated stage II at the next TAE. The growth rate of the HCC was then calculated from the tumor volume at stage II minus that at stage I. Caloric intake, protein intake, liver function, and serum amino acid were determined in the patients at each stage. The results were as follows: 1) The tumor growth rate was greater in patients whose caloric intake and protein intake were more than 35 kcal/kg/day and 1.5 g/kg/day, respectively. 2) In patients with the greater tumor growth rate, the plasma BCAA/AAA ratio was the lower. However, after tumor growth, the ratio became higher, indicating that the growth of HCC decreased the requirement of BCAA. 3) The tumor growth rate correlated to the change of plasma arginine level (r = -0.76, p less than 0.05).
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PMID:[Growth rate of hepatocellular carcinoma and nutritional state]. 131 99

This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between morphometrical characteristics of noncancerous liver tissues and clinicopathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 89 cases which underwent either hepatectomy (n = 56) or autopsy (n = 33). Using Automatic Image Analyzer (IBAS-2), we determined interstitial ratio (IR) of the non-cancerous liver tissues as a morphological parameter in all cases. In addition, mean values of area (MA), maximal diameter, and shape factor of pseudolobules were determined in the cirrhotic patients. IR in cases with main tumors smaller than 3 cm was higher than that in cases with tumors larger than 3 cm (23.5 +/- 6.7% vs 18.5 +/- 8.9% mean +/- SD: p less than 0.01), and IR in cases with histologically proven intrahepatic metastases (im positive) was also higher as compared to im negative cases (17.5 +/- 9.0% vs 21.3 +/- 8.0%; p less than 0.05). Among the other parameters determined in the cirrhotics, MA was higher in cases with tumors larger than 3 cm than in cases with smaller tumors (2.54 +/- 1.87 mm2 vs 1.78 +/- 1.01 mm2; p less than 0.05), and MA was higher in im positive cases as compared to im negatives (2.67 +/- 1.91 mm2 vs 1.67 +/- 0.96 mm2; p less than 0.01). These data indicated that non-cancerous liver tissue has a close relation not only to the carcinogenesis but to subsequent tumor growth and progression of HCC.
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PMID:[Morphometrical analysis of non-cancerous liver tissue with special reference to clinicopathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma]. 131 43

To better comprehend the differences in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content between a primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pulmonary metastatic nodules, tissue specimens taken at autopsy of 25 patients who had not received any drugs to treat the malignancy were examined using microspectrophotometry. The DNA distribution patterns were classified into Types I-III, and low (Types I and II) or high (Type III) ploidies, according to DNA distribution. Changes in the DNA content from high to low ploidies, namely DNA ploidy reduction from the primary lesion to pulmonary metastatic lesions, was evident in 9 of the 25 patients (36%), and changes from low to high were noted in 2 of the 25 patients (8%). The remaining 14 (56%) showed no evidence of changes in the DNA ploidy pattern. Reduction of DNA ploidy seen in HCC and its metastatic lesions in the lung may be one of the aspects of clonal evolution or selection mechanisms during the progression of tumor growth and metastasis.
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PMID:DNA ploidy of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and pulmonary metastases. 132 26

In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it has been strongly suggested that as the tumor increases in size, foci of less-differentiated malignant tissues arise in the well-differentiated tumor and increase until they replace the well-differentiated tumor tissues. It has also been suggested that tumor growth is attributed to such dedifferentiation. In the current study, the individual histologic features of ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy specimens, taken from 12 small HCC in an early stage, were compared with those of autopsy to confirm the dedifferentiation of HCC. In all 12 cases, autopsy was performed 6 months or more after the initial biopsy. Dedifferentiation was demonstrated in 9 of 12 cases (75.0%). Most of the biopsy specimens from minute HCC were well-differentiated. All tumors that had been well-differentiated when evaluated by biopsy were found to have become moderately differentiated at autopsy. This comparative study confirmed the dedifferentiation of HCC with tumor growth.
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PMID:The morphologic transition in hepatocellular carcinoma. A comparison of the individual histologic features disclosed by ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy with those of autopsy. 132 72

We report in situ treatment, by focal hyperthermia, of a recurrent hepatoma in the transplanted liver of a 53-year-old man. Hyperthermia was generated by neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser, which was delivered through a fiber placed inside a 19-gauge needle and inserted percutaneously into the liver under ultrasound guidance. The effect was monitored in real time by ultrasound and subsequently confirmed by computerized tomography and needle core biopsy. Objectively the tumor growth was halted for 3 months, indicating partial response to this minimally invasive treatment.
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PMID:Percutaneous interstitial laser therapy of a patient with recurrent hepatoma in a transplanted liver. 132 75

Unusual patterns of cardiac metastasis were noted in three cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): one patient was noted to have a large right ventricular (RV) tumor mass with intracavitary growth and myocardial invasion; the second had massive pulmonary and left atrial (LA) metastasis; and the third patient had a right atrial tumor mass with concomitant RV and LA involvement. Tumor implantation to the RV without right atrial involvement and extensive myocardial invasion is unusual in HCC. The LA involvement is probably related to tumor growth from the pulmonary veins following massive metastasis to the lung, direct invasion of the atrial septum or tumor implantation via a subclinical right-to-left shunt through the patent foramen ovale. To the best of our knowledge, such unusual intracavitary metastases in HCC have not been reported previously. Cardiac metastasis, without local gross recurrence, may be one of the presentations after lobectomy in patients with HCC.
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PMID:Metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma to the heart: unusual patterns in three cases with antemortem diagnosis. 135 18


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