Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tumor cells (AH130 hepatoma cell originated from rat) were injected intraportally into Donryu rats to produce liver metastases 21 days later. Phagocyte cells activity was depressed by the administration of Silica, which significantly increased the number of surface liver metastases. Phagocyte cells were stimulated by beta 1-3-glucan, which significantly reduced the number of metastases. And the administration of free radical scavenger (SOD, Catalase) increased the number of metastases. Non parenchymal cells (NPC) of the liver play a main role of self defence line for portally liver metastases. Then free radical from these cells were noticed in this study. NPC were isolated, from pronase perfused rat liver. O2- production by activated NPC was measured by chemiluminescence with CLA. NPC activated by beta 1-3-glucan added sera increased the luminescence of CLA, and SOD depressed the production of chemiluminescence. SOD activity of hepatocytes and tumor cells (AH130) were measured by NBT methods. Hepatocytes had high potential production of SOD, in contrast AH130 had poor production. These results suggest that free radicals from liver NPC was important for protecting liver metastases.
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PMID:[The effect of free radicals from non-parenchymal cells (NPC) of the liver on the development of liver metastases in rat]. 823 83

Hepatoma rarely presents with obstructive jaundice. We describe a case of hepatoma, a 66-year-old woman, presenting with obstructive jaundice, whom we treated with intra-arterial infusion of the anticancer drug, MMC. The hepatic main tumor was situated in the border between the medial and lateral lobe, which caused an obstruction of the common hepatic duct, accompanied with multiple intrahepatic liver metastases. MMC was injected weekly into the reservoir of the Infuse-A-Port, which was located subcutaneously. Intra-arterial infusion therapy reduced the tumor size and tumor markers.
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PMID:[A case of icteric type hepatoma responding to MMC infusion therapy via cannulation into the hepatic artery]. 823 89

Superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (AMI-25) were evaluated as a liver contrast agent in high-field MR imaging (1.5 T). 16 patients with up to 5 presumed focal liver lesions (liver metastases n = 8, HCC n = 5, Klatskin tumours n = 2, FNH n = 1) received 15 mumol Fe/kg BW intravenously and were examined via standard T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo sequences. Quantitative image analysis showed a post-contrast increase of the contrast-to-noise ratio (C/N) from 1.6 to 7.4 on SE 2,500/15 images (p < .05). However, C/N was in the same range on plain SE 2,500/90 scans. Blind evaluation by two independent readers revealed that AMI-25-enhanced images did not provide a significantly increased number of lesions. Two patients reported minor, self-limited side-effects (flush, back pain). We conclude that in contrast to reports at mid-field MR imagers, the use of AMI-25 at 1.5 T does not significantly improve the detection of focal liver lesions on conventional SE images.
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PMID:[The MR tomography of focal liver lesions with the superparamagnetic contrast agent AMI-25 at 1.5 tesla]. 830 92

Orthotopic liver transplantation for hepatic neoplasms is controversial. In the past, liver transplantation was utilized to treat various advanced hepatic neoplasms such as hepatocellular carcinoma including the fibrolamellar variant, cholangiocellular carcinoma, epithelioid hemangio-endothelioma, and liver metastases. In many cases, total hepatectomy with orthotopic liver replacement is the only treatment option with intent to cure because of reduced liver function in cirrhotic patients limiting resectability. On the other hand, results of transplantation are poor; for hepatocellular carcinoma, the 5-year-survival probability averages only 20%. Thus, hepatic neoplasms have to compete with benign liver diseases for a limited supply of donor organs. However, success rates of liver transplantation were higher for fibrolamellar carcinoma and for epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. New treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma including neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoembolization are currently being investigated. Results of liver transplantation for cholangiocellular carcinoma or hepatic metastases have been disappointing. Single cases have been successfully treated with the "cluster operation" designed by Starzl in 1988.
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PMID:[Indications for liver transplantation in neoplasms of the liver]. 839 5

Between August 1989 and April 1992, 60 consecutive elective hepatic resections were performed by one surgeon at two hospitals. This personal series was reviewed to determine the early results of elective hepatic resection. There were 17 patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer, 14 with hepatocellular carcinoma (three with cirrhosis), seven with cholangiocarcinoma, six with carcinoma of the gallbladder plus liver involvement, ten with liver metastases from other sites and six with benign conditions of the liver. Thirty-eight patients underwent major liver resection, seven unisegmentectomy, six bisegmentectomy, four trisegmentectomy and five non-anatomical resection. Total vascular exclusion was used in 50 cases and the Pringle manoeuvre in ten. The mean(s.d.) operative blood transfusion was 990(1260) ml packed red blood cells (range 0-13 units); 17 patients did not receive blood transfusion. There were two operative deaths; non-fatal complications developed in 16 patients. The two deaths were from postoperative liver failure and there was no other hospital death.
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PMID:Elective hepatic resection for benign and malignant liver disease: early results. 815 72

Hepatic chemotherapy with DSM was performed in 63 patients (45 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 18 patients with liver metastases). Two patients showed complete response and 12 patients showed partial response. The greater the blockade of arterial blood flow, the better the clinical response seemed. Analysis of changes in CT images after hepatic chemotherapy with DSM revealed that, in addition to enhancement of the effect of the anticancer drugs by blockade of blood flow, DSM also had an ischemic effect. In conclusion, DSM used together with anticancer drug may improve the therapeutic effects.
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PMID:[Experimental and clinical trial of degradable starch microspheres (DSM) in treatment of hepatic neoplasm: Part 2. Clinical study]. 853 4

Resection remains the treatment of choice in liver cancer. In order to avoid liver transplantation in conventionally unresectable tumors ex-situ ("bench" procedure), in-situ and ante-situm resection technique should be preferred whenever feasible. Despite the deficiency of donor organs, a single center experience with 198 patients reveals that liver transplantation continues its role as a therapeutic option for selected patients. At present "favorable" indications for transplantation are International Union against Cancer (UICC) - stage II hepatocellular carcinoma as well as the subtype fibrolamellar carcinoma, uncommon tumors such as epitheloid hemangioendothelioma, hepatoblastoma, and liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors. Due to unsatisfying results, intrahepatic bile duct-, stage III and IV hepatocellular carcinoma, hemangiosarcoma, and liver metastases from nonendocrine primaries should be excluded from liver transplantation alone. For these advanced tumors, especially in cases of extrahepatic involvement, a combination of liver transplantation and multivisceral resection has been proven feasible. However, a significant improvement in patient survival may only be expected only by currently investigated multimodality treatment protocols which will require further randomized studies.
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PMID:Role of liver transplantation in the treatment of unresectable liver cancer. 855 70

Proliferation of preexisting bile ducts, ductular metaplasia of hepatocytes and proliferation and differentiation of liver stem cells are discussed in the pathogenesis of neoductular structures in the liver. Under the condition of experimental bile duct obstruction and in extrahepatic bile duct stenosis neoductular structures are first the result of proliferation and sprouting of preexisting ducts and cholangioles. Especially in later stages of cholestasis but also in other chronic progredient liver diseases such as chronic alcoholic liver disease and chronic active hepatitis periportal hepatocytes may show a phenotypic shift towards ductular epithelia. In postnatal liver diseases hepatocytes first express keratin 7 and later keratin 19 during ductular transdifferentiation. This is in contrast to embryonal cholangiogenesis. In alpha-1-antitrypsin-deficiency, hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease, and chronic active hepatitis B cellular deposites typically located in hepatocytes such as alpha-1-AT, siderin, copper, HBs-Ag, and HBc-Ag can also be found in neoductular cells close to hepatocytes. These deposites seem to be retained during the ductular transdifferentiation of hepatocytes. Expression of bile duct-type integrin subtypes and TGF beta 1 in neoductular cells are involved in the changing parenchymal/mesenchymal interplay during neoductogenesis, resulting in periductular basal membrane and periductular fibrosis. In FNH the ductular transdifferentiation of hepatocytes is integrated in the histogenesis of micronodules and portal tract equivalents of these tumor-like lesions. Ductular structures in hepatoblastomas and especially in combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinomas (CHCC) may reflect the common embryologic derivation of hepatocytes and biliary epithelia. Non-neoplastic liver tissue in resection specimens of our CHCC showed a lower rate of cirrhosis, and a significantly higher Ki 67-LI of neoductular cells compared to liver tissue in resection specimens of HCC and liver metastases. 3 of 10 CHCC had developed in alpha-1-AT-deficiency, in which this protease-inhibitor was predominantly retained in periportal hepatocytes. These findings in non-neoplastic tumor-bearing liver tissue suggest that CHCC include a special histogenic type of primary liver carcinoma which in analogy to some experimental liver tumors might develop from periportal parenchymal cells.
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PMID:[Hepatic neoductules]. 860 Jun 93

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach is a rare and recently discovered entity. We report an unusual combination of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach with multiple liver metastases. The patient, a 62-year-old Japanese man, was clinically diagnosed as having hepatocellular carcinoma because of the presence of liver tumors, a markedly elevated serum AFP level, and a positive hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody titer. Autopsy revealed multiple tumors in the liver; one was a primary hepatocellular carcinoma without metastasis, and the others were metastases from latent hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach. In the hepatocellular carcinoma, bile production was observed although the tumor was immunohistochemically negative for AFP. On the other hand, both the primary gastric and metastatic liver hepatoid adenocarcinomas were positive for AFP. Therefore, hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach was responsible for the excessive production of AFP and was the cause of death.
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PMID:Primary hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach with liver metastasis: an unusual association. 876 86

An excellent therapeutic effect of angiogenesis inhibitors on tumor growth or metastasis has been reported, but the sustained antimetastatic effect of these agents has not been studied. We investigated the sustained effect of TNP-470, an angiogenesis inhibitor, in rats with hepatic metastasis following intraportal implantation of rat ascites hepatoma AH-130 cells. TNP-470 was administered subcutaneously at 15 mg/kg (L-TNP) or 30 mg/kg (H-TNP) on alternate days for 2 weeks. The number of liver metastases was significantly reduced in both the L-TNP (85.1 +/- 77.6) and H-TNP (31.7 +/- 49.6) groups compared to the control group (300.7 +/- 100.7) (P < 0.01) at 14 days after the start of treatment. Although all rats in the control group died within 1 month of massive liver metastasis, the L-TNP and H-TNP, respectively, had a survival rate of 82 and 60%, at 4 months (P < 0.001). Absence of toxicity of TNP-470 at the lower dose, as evidenced by the absence of intraperitoneal or intrapleural bleeding, contributed to a better prognosis in the L-TNP group. Interestingly, a small dormant metastatic focus was found in only 1 of 15 rats surviving for 4 months, whereas metastatic foci were observed in all rats at the end of treatment. These results suggest that the sustained cytostatic effect of TNP-470 on vascular endothelial cells may help to improve long-term survival by reducing the metastatic burden.
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PMID:The angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 (AGM-1470) improves long-term survival of rats with liver metastasis. 880 71


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