Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical significance of the measurement of c-erbB-2 oncogene product was evaluated. The subjects consisted of 404 patients, including 248 with cancer of the digestive organs and 128 with benign digestive diseases. Serum c-erbB-2 protein levels were measured by sandwich immunoenzyme assay. The positive rates of c-erbB-2 protein, at a cut-off value of 17.0 U/ml, were, for cancers: hepatocellular carcinoma 61.6%, biliary tract cancer 54.8%, pancreatic cancer 25.0%, esophageal cancer 33.3%, gastric cancer 16.9%, and colorectal cancer 5.0%. For benign digestive diseases, the rates were: liver cirrhosis 63.3%, chronic hepatitis 43.2%, acute hepatitis 42.9%, other liver diseases 42.8%, cholelithiasis 30.0%, and chronic pancreatitis 0%. Serum c-erbB-2 protein levels were significantly correlated with the markers of hepatic functional reserve, the indocyanine green retention rate and the hepaplastin test. These findings suggest that serum c-erbB-2 protein levels are greatly influenced by liver dysfunction and that their clinical usefulness as a serum tumor marker is questionable.
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PMID:Serum levels of c-erbB-2 protein in digestive diseases. 752 80

The cytotoxicity of SN-38, the major metabolite of CPT-11 (7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1- piperidino]carbonyloxycamptothecin, was compared among gastrointestinal carcinomas of every organ, and between primary and metastatic lesions of every organ-originated gastrointestinal carcinoma, by an in vitro anticancer drug sensitivity test using fixed-contact-sensitive plates. The rates of cases having a high response (percent survival 75% or lower) to SN-38 but a low response (percent survival above 75%) to cisplatin, mitomycin C (MMC), adriamycin (ADM) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were 14.6, 19.4, 15.6 and 27.0%, respectively. While, the rates of cases having a high response to cisplatin, MMC, ADM and 5-FU but a low response to SN-38 were 7.3, 2.8, 9.4 and 13.5%, respectively. Each of the former rates were higher than each of the latter rates. In particular, the former rate for MMC was significantly higher than the latter rate (p = 0.04). Two cases with colon cancer showed a high response only to SN-38. The percent survival of primary lesions in colon cancer was significantly lower than that in stomach cancer. The rates of hepatocellular carcinoma cases having a high response to SN-38 but a low response to cisplatin, MMC, ADM and 5-FU were 16.7, 16.7, 0 and 25%, respectively. Only one case had a high response to 5-FU but a low response to SN-38. The percent survival of metastatic lesions in pancreatic cancer was significantly lower than that of primary lesions. From this study, we recommend the further clinical trial of CPT-11 for colon and hepato-cellular cancers.
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PMID:Cytotoxicity of CPT-11 for gastrointestinal cancer cells cultured on fixed-contact-sensitive plates. 767 Jan 39

To investigate whether the urinary excretion of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) is increased in patients with cancer of the digestive tract, EGF and TGF-alpha were determined in 109 cancer patients and 40 healthy controls. Excluding EGF in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and TGF-alpha in pancreatic cancer, both growth factors in each cancer group were significantly higher than in the control group. A receiver operating characteristic curve and likelihood ratio were applied to obtain the best diagnostic efficiency. Both EGF and TGF-alpha had high specificity (100%) in all cancer group. The high sensitivity of EGF in gastric cancer (100%) and metastatic liver cancer (93.3%), moderate sensitivity of TGF-alpha in metastatic liver cancer (86.6%), colon cancer (80.0%), and HCC (61.7%) suggested that they might be helpful in identifying these cancers. In conclusion, urinary excretion of EGF and TGF-alpha increased in most cancers of the digestive tract. They may be used as tumor markers.
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PMID:Urinary epidermal growth factor receptor-binding growth factors in patients with cancers of the digestive tract. 769 94

Serum tumors markers tests have five potential uses; the value of a given tests depends on its sensitivity and specificity. As a rule tumor markers have no use as screening tests except for alpha-fetoprotein in hepatocarcinoma which value has been established, for monitoring treatment and for detecting relapse. On the other hand the highest value for carcino-embryonic antigen tests lies on the early detection of colonic cancer relapse. Ca 19-9 assay has a high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and a high predictive value in unresectable disease. Low serum Testosterone/dihydrotestosterone ratio is useful in diagnosis pancreatic carcinoma. There is no useful marker for diagnosis of gastric cancer.
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PMID:[The clinical applications of serum tumor markers in gastroenterology]. 774 20

Indications for microwave tumor coagulation (MTC) and percutaneous approach in liver tumor were investigated. The study population comprised 26 patients with unresectable liver tumor (4 with hepatocellular carcinoma, 22 with metastatic liver tumor) who underwent MTC at our department after April 1990. Concomitant therapies were alcohol injection in 2 patients, hepatectomy in 12 and selective arterial chemotherapy in 20. Percutaneous MTC was performed on 2 patients with a single lesion under general anesthesia. Following tip coagulation electrode penetration under echo guidance, the lesion was thermally coagulated at 60W. To establish indications for MTC by the effect of thermal coagulation, survival periods were compared by underlying disease, number of masses coagulated, and maximum tumor size, in 23 patients who had undergone MTC at least 1 year previously. Thirteen of these 23 survived for 1 year or longer, including all 3 with hepatocellular carcinoma, 3 with breast cancer, 2 with leiomyosarcoma (gastric, small intestine), 4 of the 10 with colon cancer and 1 of the 2 with pancreatic cancer. According to evaluation of the degree of coagulation, complete coagulation was obtained in 11 of 23, all of whom had at most 6 tumor masses (of up to 3 cm in diameter) coagulated, and 9 of whom survived for 1 year or longer. Percutaneous MTC, of low invasiveness, proved useful as a tool of regional cancer therapy.
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PMID:[Microwave tumor coagulation (MTC) in liver tumor: indication and percutaneous approach]. 794 20

Antitumor effects of nine components of a herbal medicine, 'Sho-saiko-to', were investigated on human hepatoma cell lines (PLC/PRF/5, Hep-G2), human liver cells (Chang) and a human pancreatic cancer cell line (BxPC-3). The concentration of each component required for 50% inhibition of cell growth of PLC/PRF/5 cells was as follows: saikosaponin-d, baicalin, 20 micrograms/ml; saikosaponin-a, baicalein, 50 micrograms/ml; saikosaponin-b2, -c, ginsenoside-Rb1, -Rg1, glycyrrhizin, > 1000 micrograms/ml. Saikosaponin-a in 50-micrograms/ml quantities inhibited the cell growth and DNA synthesis of all the cell lines tested. These results indicate that 'Sho-saiko-to' includes potent antitumor components such as saikosaponin-a, -d, baicalin against human hepatoma cells as well as other human cell lines.
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PMID:Antitumor effects of saikosaponins, baicalin and baicalein on human hepatoma cell lines. 795 60

Serum ferritin H and L subunit levels and H/L ratios were evaluated in normal subjects and patients with various diseases by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibody against ferritin H or L subunits. In normal subjects, serum levels of H subunit were significantly lower than those of L subunit, as previously reported by Cazzola and coworkers. Although the serum levels of L subunit were elevated and the values of H/L ratios were decreased in inflammatory diseases, serum levels of H subunit were remarkably high in patients with infectious mononucleosis. In liver disease, elevation of mean values of L subunit was observed. However, in liver cirrhosis and severe acute hepatitis, the serum levels of H subunit were often elevated as well as those of L subunit, and so it was suggested that the elevation of H subunit was related to the degree of hepatocellular injury. In hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer, since the levels of H/L ratio were higher than controls and no correlation was observed between H and L subunits, it was suggested that the production of H subunit was increased in these cancers. However, the result of H/L ratio determination in serum ferritin did not appear enough to be important for tumor marker, because of a few instances demonstrated over the cut off limit of H/L ratio in neoplastic diseases. The rate of the patients whose H or L subunit levels were over the cut off point was higher in leukemia than in solid cancer, and so it was likely that the measurement of H and L subunit at the same time was clinically useful in leukemic patients. In acute myeloblastic leukemia, relatively high levels of serum L subunits and low H/L ratio were shown. It was suggested that the measurement of H and L subunits in patients with neoplastic diseases would also be useful for monitoring the effect of the therapy.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of serum ferritin H and L subunit determination in various diseases--evaluation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]. 795 82

The relationship between family history of selected neoplasms in first-degree relatives and the risk of pancreatic, liver, and gallbladder cancer was investigated using data from a case-control study conducted in northern Italy on 320 histologically confirmed incident cases of liver cancer, 58 of gallbladder cancer, 362 of pancreatic cancer, and 1408 controls admitted to the hospital for acute, nonneoplastic, nondigestive tract disorders. Significant associations were observed between family history of hepatocellular carcinoma and primary liver cancer [relative risk (RR) = 2.4; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3 to 4.4], between family history of pancreatic cancer and pancreatic cancer (RR = 3.0; 95% CI, 1.4 to 6.6), and between family history of gallbladder cancer and gallbladder cancer (RR = 13.9; 95% CI, 1.2 to 163.9). The elevated risk of liver cancer associated with family history was not materially modified by adjustment for tobacco, alcohol, and personal history of cirrhosis and hepatitis (RR = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5 to 5.3). Similarly, the risk for pancreatic cancer did not appreciably change after allowance for tobacco, alcohol, dietary factors, and medical history of diabetes and pancreatitis (RR = 2.8; 95% CI, 1.3 to 6.3). This pattern of risk would support the existence of a genetic component in the familial aggregation of liver and pancreatic cancer. In terms of population attributable risk, approximately 3% of the newly diagnosed liver and pancreatic cancers would be related to this familial component.
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PMID:Family history and the risk of liver, gallbladder, and pancreatic cancer. 801 68

A one-step sandwich enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for human matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2, 72-kDa gelatinase/type IV collagenase, EC 3.4.24.24) was established with a pair of monoclonal antibodies prepared against the precursor form of MMP-2 (proMMP-2) purified from the conditioned medium of human skin fibroblasts or against a synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal domain of proMMP-2. ProMMP-2 in samples was allowed to simultaneously react with both solid-phase and peroxidase-labeled antibodies. Sensitivity of this EIA system was 2.4 pg/assay (0.24 microgram/l) and linearity was obtained between 10 and 5,000 pg/assay (1.0-500 micrograms/l). The EIA system recognized both the free form of proMMP-2 and its complex form with TIMP-2 with the same degree of immunoreactivity. ProMMP-2 levels in human sera from patients in various disease states were analyzed. In sera from patients with hyperthyroidism (12), primary biliary cirrhosis (8) and hepatocellular carcinoma (11), 749 +/- 166, 716 +/- 135 and 686 +/- 236 micrograms/l of proMMP-2 were detected, respectively and these were significantly higher than that observed in 213 normal human sera (570 +/- 118 micrograms/l). In contrast, the levels in sera from 33 patients with osteoarthritis (449 +/- 72 micrograms/l), 45 with rheumatoid arthritis (408 +/- 139 micrograms/l), 13 with stomach cancer (427 +/- 103 micrograms/l) and 10 with pancreatic cancer (422 +/- 130 micrograms/l) were significantly lower than that found in normal sera. Immunoblot and gel filtration analyses showed that human sera contain several MMP-2 species in addition to proMMP-2 which exist in a complex form with TIMP-2.
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PMID:A one-step sandwich enzyme immunoassay for human matrix metalloproteinase 2 (72-kDa gelatinase/type IV collagenase) using monoclonal antibodies. 814 45

A clinical assessment of fungal infection in hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases during 1975 and 1991 was made and 25 cases of systemic mycosis were noted. Among 25 cases there were 20 liver diseases (hepatocellular carcinoma 12, liver cirrhosis 5, fulminant hepatitis 2, polyarteritis nodosa 1), 2 cases of gallbladder cancer and 3 cases of pancreatic cancer. The fungus was consisted of 14 cases (56%) of Candida, 9 cases of Aspergillus (36%), and 2 cases of Cryptococcus (8%). Fungal infection was most frequent in the lung (8 cases) and esophagus (6 cases), but rarely in the stomach, lymph node, liver, thyroid, kidney and gallbladder. Generalized fungus infection was noted in four cases (16%). Fatal fungal infection was complicated in liver cirrhosis (2 cases), fulminant hepatitis (one case), gallbladder cancer (one case) and cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas (one case). In five fatal cases three cases of Aspergillus pneumonia and two cases of Candida septicemia were included. Glucocorticoid was used in 13 cases (52%) and anti-cancer drugs was administered in two cases (12%). However, in 9 cases (36%) without treatment of glucocorticoid or anti-cancer drug fungal infection was detected. In conclusion, there is a possibility of fungal infection in grave hepatic diseases and empirical administration of anti-fungal agent may be necessary.
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PMID:[Fungal infection in hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases: clinical evaluation in autopsy cases]. 820 88


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