Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From May 1988 to March 1990, 57 patients with focal solid lesions of the liver underwent percutaneous US-guided fine-needle biopsy which demonstrated the primitive neoplastic nature of these tumors--mainly trabecular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Eight of these patients affected with chronic liver disease presented with 14 lesions (less than 3 cm phi); they were considered inoperable and therefore treated with percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) under US guidance. Three to eleven sessions of PEI (total: 78) were administered to each nodule, according to nodular size and to modality of ethanol distribution within the tumor. All these lesions showed post-treatment US and CT structural changes of fibronecrotic degeneration: the final fine-needle biopsy demonstrated the absence of malignant cells in all cases. Today all patients are alive and 7 present no recurrences of HCC on US and CT scans; the follow-up period was 18 months for 3 patients and 12, 9, 6, and 3 months for the extant 4 patients, respectively. The nodules have a smaller diameter than the primitive tumors. In conclusion PEI, besides being a simple and cheap method, is also readily available and effective for the treatment of small inoperable hepatocellular carcinomas.
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PMID:[Treatment of small hepatocarcinomas by percutaneous ultrasound-guided alcohol injections. Personal experience in 14 lesions]. 185 16

In 38 patients with cirrhotic liver, an ultrasound examination was carried out by using 3/3.5-, 5-, and 7.5-MHz transducers sequentially in order to identify hypoechoic intraparenchymal regenerating nodules less than or equal to 20 mm. Twenty healthy subjects and 35 patients with noncirrhotic chronic liver disease were scanned as controls. Focal lesions were disclosed in five patients: one case turned out to be a small hepatocellular carcinoma; regenerating nodules were diagnosed as such in four cases by means of surgery, laparoscopy, and fine needle biopsy. At a follow-up needle biopsy one year later, one of these nodules proved to be malignant. Use of high-frequency transducers offered little aid to the diagnosis of small nodules. In only one case were multiple lesions revealed with a 7.5-MHz probe but not with 3- and 5-MHz probes. It seems that intraparenchymal regenerating nodules are rarely seen with the available technology, and their recognition cannot be recommended as a reliable ultrasound diagnostic marker of liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Sonographic recognition of intraparenchymal regenerating nodules using high-frequency transducers in patients with cirrhosis. 187 Jan 77

To investigate the epidemiology of HCV in Taiwan, anti-HCV was studied by radioimmunoassay or enzyme immunoassay in patients with chronic liver disease, healthy adults, and subjects at risk. The anti-HCV prevalence was 0.95% in 420 volunteer blood donors, 90% in 100 hemophiliacs and 81% in 58 parenteral drug abusers. Anti-HCV was present in 6 (7.7%) of 78 HBsAg-positive and 28 (65%) of 43 HBsAg-negative patients with chronic hepatitis, 3 (10%) of 31 HBsAg-positive and 13 (43%) of 30 HBsAg-negative cirrhotics, and 7 (17%) of 42 HBsAg-positive and 15 (63%) of 24 HBsAg-negative patients with HCC. An outbreak of non-A, non-B hepatitis revealed 18% of 57 patients to be positive for anti-HCV. In a prospective study of PTH, 37 or 13% patients contracted hepatitis and 22 (60%) were due to HCV, and at least 17 (77%) of them became chronic. Cloning of HCV genome in a Taiwanese patient with acute posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed, and partial characterization of the nucleotide sequences showed 80% and 92% homology as compared to HCV sequences from Chiron and one of the published Japanese isolates, respectively. It is concluded that HCV infection plays a relatively minor role in HBsAg-positive liver decrease in Taiwan, but is strongly associated with HBsAg-negative chronic liver disease and HCC. It is also important in PTH, and the infection is extremely common in hemophiliacs and parenteral drug abusers. The Taiwanese strain of HCV seems more similar to that from Japan, as revealed by nucleotide sequences.
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PMID:Hepatitis C virus infection in Taiwan. 190 59

Taiwan is an endemic area for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which is responsible for up to 80% of chronic liver diseases there. In contrast to an HBV carrier rate of 15-20% in the general population, only 1% of its population are seropositive for anti-HCV. To evaluate the role of HCV infection in chronic liver diseases in Taiwan, serum anti-HCV was studied using an enzyme immunoassay in 123 "healthy" administration staff of the hospital, 724 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive and 157 HBsAg-negative patients with chronic liver disease. The prevalence of anti-HCV was 0.8% in the hospital staff, 24.3% in HBsAg-positive and 80.9% in HBsAg-negative patients with chronic liver diseases. Anti-HCV was positive in 10 (9.6%) of 104 HBsAg-positive and 31 (77.5%) of 40 HBsAg-negative patients with inactive chronic hepatitis; 94 (27.2%) of 346 HBsAg-positive and 53 (85.5%) of 62 HBsAg-negative patients with active chronic hepatitis; 49 (26.1%) of 181 HBsAg-positive and 33 (86.8%) of 38 HBsAg-negative patients with cirrhosis; 23 (26.7%) pf 86 HBsAg-positive and 10 (58.8%) of 17 HBsAg-negative patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. In HCV infected HBsAg-positive patients, the optical density was usually lower, and anti-HCV became negative in 27% on follow-up. HCV infection tends to occur more frequently in older, HBeAg-negative and anti-HD-positive patients with chronic HBV infection. It is concluded that HCV not only is the major agent for non-B chronic liver diseases but also plays a significant role in HBsAg-positive chronic liver diseases in Taiwan.
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PMID:Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with chronic liver diseases in an endemic area for hepatitis B virus infection. 190 60

The seroepidemiology of HBV and HCV infections in the patients with acute and chronic liver diseases in Jakarta was investigated. The sera from 141 cases with acute hepatitis, 176 liver cirrhosis and 70 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were examined. Anti-HA IgM, HBsAg, anti-HBc IgM and anti HCV (Ortho) were detected by Elisa method. In acute hepatitis, 83 cases (58.9%) out of 141 cases were hepatitis A and 9 cases (6.4%) hepatitis B. The others were diagnosed non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis and anti-HCV in 4 cases (11.8%) out of 34 cases with NANB hepatitis was positive. The low prevalence of anti-HCV in acute NANB hepatitis seems to be due to inadequate date of serum sampling. HBsAg and anti-HCV in liver cirrhosis were positive 36.5% and 73.9% respectively, including 22.7% of double infection. HBsAg and anti-HCV in HCC were 58.6% and 34.2%, including 17.1% of double infection. In 16.7% fo chronic liver disease (liver cirrhosis and HCC), neither HBsAg nor anti-HCV were detected.
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PMID:The prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in patients with acute and chronic liver diseases in Jakarta, Indonesia. 190 63

The hepatocyte hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) expression in 149 liver biopsies from 124 chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers was correlated with serum HBV DNA status and histologic activity. Hepatocyte HBsAg was stained by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method and serum HBV DNA was determined by dot blot hybridization. Sixty-five biopsies (44%) showed minimal changes (MC), 82 biopsies (55%) showed chronic liver disease (CLD) and 2 biopsies (1%) showed hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatocyte HBsAg was found in 144 biopsies (97%). It was present in the cytoplasm of 141 specimens (95%) and/or plasma membrane of 48 specimens (32%). Approximately half (45%) of the cytoplasmic HBsAg-positive biopsies showed discrete distribution, while the other half (55%) were grouped. Fifty-five per cent (77 of 141) of cytoplasmic HbsAg-positive biopsies had CLD, while 44% (62 of 141) showed MC. There was no relationship between the presence of cytoplasmic HBsAg or its topographic distribution with disease activity. Membrane HBsAg distribution was similar for both groups of patients (MC vs CLD: 25 of 65 (38%) vs 23 of 82 (28%); P = NS). Serum HBV DNA was detected in 98 patients (66%) and was seen mostly in association with CLD (CLD vs MC: 61% vs 39%, P less than 0.001). It was also detected more often in the sera of patients with membrane HBsAg than in those with cytoplasmic HBsAg staining (41 of 48 (85%) vs 97 of 141 (67%); P less than 0.02). However, discrete distribution of cytoplasmic HBsAg was associated with positive serum HBV DNA when compared with grouped distribution (52 of 63 (83%) vs 43 of 78 vs (55%); P less than 0.005).
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PMID:Hepatocyte hepatitis B surface antigen expression in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers in Singapore: correlation with viral replication and liver pathology. 193 67

The prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was studied in North East England in blood donors, local multiply transfused patients, local high risk individuals, and chronic liver disease patients. Anti-HCV was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 2/1120 (0.18%) blood donors; 1/84 chronic renal failure patients on haemodialysis who had received 1,992 units of blood (seroconversion rate of 0.05% per unit transfused), 1/207 cardiac patients 6 months post cardiac surgery transfused with 1,403 units of blood (1 anti-HCV pre-operatively, seroconversion rate 0.07%), 40/50 haemophilia A patients treated with commercial factor VIII, and 38/100 intravenous drug users. In addition anti-HCV was detected by ELISA in 5/35 cryptogenic chronic liver disease patients, 5/5 confirmed by recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) (14%); 3/30 patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, 2/3 by RIBA (7%); 2/50 primary biliary cirrhosis patients, 1/2 by RIBA (2%); 0/30 alcoholic cirrhosis patients; and 2/9 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 1/2 by RIBA (11%). HCV is uncommon in North East England; it may be implicated in the aetiology of a minority of cases of cryptogenic liver disease and less than 5% of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis.
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PMID:Low prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus in north east England. 196 76

The main aspects of hepatic chemoembolization are first described: principles, drugs and their vectors, various techniques and contra-indications. In the literature as in our own experience, most encouraging results are reported in metastases from endocrine tumors and hepatocellular carcinoma. Favourable results in the latter disease have been particularly emphasized by Japanese authors whose data are reported, as well as results in a personal series and in three controlled studies. Chemoembolization is now able to induce partial or complete responses. Nevertheless, unambiguous selection of responding patients cannot be stated yet, especially for hepatocellular carcinoma where an underlying chronic liver disease probably plays an important role in prognosis. Consequently, chemoembolization of malignant hepatic tumors must still be considered as a technique under evaluation.
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PMID:[Chemoembolization of malignant liver tumors]. 196 49

We present the results of the determination of hepatitis C virus antibody, recently discovered on a group of 34 patients with chronic liver disease, divided in: a) 23 patients with cirrhosis. b) 8 with protracted hepatitis. c) 2 with steatosis of unknown origin++. d) One patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Another group examined was integrated by persons of promiscuous sexual activity (15 prostitutes and 14 homosexuals). Finally we included 20 children chronically infected with VB. In the 23 patients with cirrhosis, the VB markers (HBsAg and anti-core were negative in 18 and 5 were only anti-core positive; anti-HCV was positive in 3 of the 18 VB negative (16.6%) and in one of the 5 with anti-core positive (20%), that represents a total of 4 cases anti-HCV positive (17.3%). 5 of the 8 patients with protracted hepatitis were virus B and A negative and 4 of them were anti-HCV positive (80%), 3 of which had parenteral infection. The 15 prostitutes and the 14 homosexuals were negative for the anti-HCV, as well as the 20 children chronically VB infected. Our result of the determination of anti-HCV in cryptogenetic cirrhosis (17.3%) is similar that reported in USA (> 20%) and very much lower than of the Italian group (80%). Meanwhile we found a high incidence in protracted hepatitis (80%) with parenteral infection.
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PMID:[Prevalence of the antibody of hepatitis C virus in HBsAg negative patients with chronic liver diseases: children, prostitutes, and homosexuals]. 196 88

Chemical analysis of ascitic fluid may be helpful in determining the underlying disease. We discuss the diagnostic accuracy of the common and newer chemical parameters (protein, LDH, lactate, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, fibronectin, albumin gradient [value of serum minus value of ascites], ferritin, tumor markers, immunomodulators, leukocytes, bacterial and cytologic examinations). We also review the pathogenesis and clinical findings of the most frequent ascites forms (benign hepatic, infective, malignant ascites, ascites associated with liver metastases or hepatocellular carcinoma, cardiac and pancreatic ascites) and the most important diagnosis criteria. In the malignant ascites a high cholesterol, a narrow albumin gradient or a high ferritin value have high diagnostic accuracy, but diagnosis is by the finding of malignant cells. For the diagnosis of infective ascites, bacteriology is mandatory even though the results are negative in most cases, particularly in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis where diagnosis has to be established clinically, by a low pH or by a high leukocyte count. Benign hepatic ascites is diagnosed by demonstrating an underlying chronic liver disease and laboratory examinations of the peritoneal fluid to exclude other causes. The laboratory tests in ascites associated with liver metastases or with hepatocellular carcinoma were similar to those in benign hepatic ascites and the two ascites forms must be separated by other clinical and technical findings. Pancreatic ascites can easily be distinguished from the other forms by the high amylase and lipase content.
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PMID:[Laboratory chemical analysis in ascites]. 203 10


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