Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixty-eight patients with various malignancy was examined for their natural killer (NK) cell activity against 14 target cell lines. The group consisted of 10 patients with gastric cancer, 10 patients with lung cancer, 8 patients with hepatoma, 11 patients with cancer of female genital organs, 14 patients with malignant lymphoma and 15 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The target cells from a variety of lineage were selected to examine the disease-related specificity in NK cell activity. The peripheral mononuclear cells from patients with gastric cancer did not show a decrease in NK activity against 14 targets including gastric cancer cell lines. Other patients except for AML demonstrated low NK activity against one or two target cells out of 14 targets. Whereas, NK activity in patients with AML was remarkably depressed against 10 target cells out of 14. At single cell assay, killing ability rather than binding activity to target was markedly impaired in AML. Comprehensively, the data demonstrated the marked difference in the NK level between the patients with solid tumor and the patients with hematopoietic malignancy. There existed neither disease-related specificity in NK cytolysis, nor correlation in NK levels and clinical severity in the patients with malignancy. These results suggested that it was very difficult to evaluate the anti-cancer capacity in patients with malignancy by NK activity alone.
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PMID:Natural killer (NK) cell activity in patients with various malignancy against a variety of target cell lines: re-evaluation of clinical significance of natural killer cell activity. 281 Sep 19

There have been few reports stating that monoclonal antibody alone inhibits human solid tumor growth in vivo. The present study demonstrated that monoclonal antibody S1 (IgG2a), which recognized the antigenic determinant of the carbohydrate moiety, showed antibody-dependent cell (or macrophage)-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC or ADMC) in conjunction with murine splenocytes of both BALB/c and athymic mice. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the antibody S1 clearly prolonged the survival of athymic mice which had been inoculated with a human liver carcinoma cell line. In addition, the antibody S1 significantly suppressed the human hepatoma line transplanted s.c. into nude mice. 125I-Labeled monoclonal antibody S1 revealed that the antibody accumulated significantly in the tumor mass. Many mononuclear cells were observed surrounding tumor cells when the antibody was given. This model system might be useful for analyzing the ADCC (or ADMC) mechanism in vivo.
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PMID:A monoclonal antibody to the carbohydrate chain on human hepatocellular carcinoma-associated antigen which suppressed tumor growth in nude mice. 284 Jan 99

A case-control study of risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was carried out in our Department from December 1980 to December 1983. One hundred and twenty consecutive inpatients with HCC were compared with 360 controls pair-matched by sex and age (within years). For each case three different controls were selected from inpatients at the same hospital: one patient with liver cirrhosis; one patient with solid tumor and one patient with chronic illness other than neoplasm or liver disease. We report here the results on alcohol consumption, smoking habit and hepatitis B virus infection. The risk factors investigated are distributed similarly in HCC and cirrhosis. The prevalence of alcohol abuse in HCC is similar to that in cirrhosis and is significantly higher than in other neoplastic or otherwise chronically ill patients (odds ratio 2 X 3 and 3 X 2 respectively). Thus alcohol abuse is probably a risk factor for HCC as a cause of cirrhosis. Smoking habits were similar among the various disease groups and independent of alcohol consumption. The prevalence of heavy smoking was comparable in cases and controls. HbsAg negative-HCC with an ultrasonographic pattern of 'diffuse' alteration was more frequent in heavy smokers.
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PMID:Assessment of some risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: a case control study. 299 96

A total of 452 cases of childhood malignant solid tumors were treated over the last twenty years at the National Children's Hospital. These included 175 cases of neuroblastoma, 64 cases of Wilms' tumor, 65 cases of malignant lymphoma, 45 cases of soft tissue sarcoma, 31 cases of hepatoma, 20 cases of malignant teratoma, 17 cases of testicular tumor, 7 cases of ovarian tumor and 28 cases of other forms of malignant solid tumor. Bone metastasis was observed in 62 of 175 cases of neuroblastoma, 3 of 64 cases of Wilms' tumor, one of 65 cases of malignant lymphoma, 4 of 45 cases of soft tissue sarcoma, one case of pulmonary blastoma and one case of osteogenic sarcoma, giving a total occurrence of bone metastasis in 72 of the 452 cases. The main sites of bone metastasis in neuroblastoma were the skull (61.4%), femur (56.8%), orbit (27.3%) and spine (22.7%). The average values of serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase activity showed no significant difference. The patients with bone metastasis were treated with a combination of radiation therapy and intensive chemotherapy, resulting in temporary improvement. The survival of patients with stage IV neuroblastoma with bone metastasis was worse than that of similar patients without bone metastasis.
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PMID:[Bone metastasis of malignant solid tumors in childhood]. 303 15

OH-1, consisting of purified natural human TNF-alpha and natural human IFN-alpha induced from BALL-1 cells stimulated with HVJ, has been obtained in large scale using Hayashibara's hamster method and has synergistically enhanced antitumor activity against wider spectrum of tumor cells, in vitro and in vivo. One of the action mechanism of OH-1 is clarified to be a result of arrest in the S phase of the cell cycle. In phase I study of OH-1 by intravenous administration to 23 patients with different advanced and/or metastatic malignant tumors, OH-1 shows the similar side effects to that of IFN-alpha without serious ones. The maximum tolerant dose is assumed as over 2,000 x 10(4) U/body. The early phase II clinical study of OH-1 is now on going, in which OH-1 shows anti-tumor effect with intravenous administration of over 200 x 10(4) U/body/day. As a preliminary result, OH-1 in dose of over 200 x 10(4) U/body/day to 62 patients with disseminated or advanced solid tumor shows an efficacy rate of 21.0%; CR in one patient of breast cancer and PR in three patients each of breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and renal-cell carcinoma and PR in three other advanced cancer.
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PMID:[Large scale production of natural lymphokines with antitumor activity (OH-1) using transplantable human cell lines and its clinical use]. 315 17

In order to study the antitumor effect of FT-207 in a solid tumor, it is necessary to determine the concentration of 5-FU and FT-207 in a tissue. This has only been done so far for gastric cancer and colon cancer, but these has been practically no research carried out regarding cancers of the liver, biliary tract and pancreas. A study was therefore made of lymph nodes and tissues after rectal administration of FT-207 suppositories to 12 patients with cancers of the liver, biliary tract and pancreas. These included 7 cases of pancreatic cancer, 2 cases of gall bladder cancer with infiltration to the liver, and 3 cases of hepatoma. In serum, the concentration of 5-FU reached 0.018 +/- 0.006 micrograms/ml at one hour after administration, 0.019 +/- 0.004 micrograms/ml at three hours after administration, and 0.023 +/- 0.008 micrograms/ml at six hours after administration. These concentrations would be expected to maintain a clinically sufficient dose. The concentration of 5-FU in metastatic lymph nodes was high compared with normal lymph nodes (p less than 0.05), its concentration in liver tumors was high while compared with normal liver tissues (p less than 0.05).
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PMID:[Clinical study on concentration of FT-207 and 5-FU in serum, lymph nodes and tissues after rectal administration of FT-207 suppositories for malignant diseases of the liver, biliary tract and pancreas]. 392 11

An attempt has been made to determine the clinical usefulness of serum procollagen-III-peptide (P-III-P) in comparison with serum CEA and AFP in patients with solid tumor. Serum P-III-P levels were measured in 82 cases of carcinoma and 64 cases of benign disease employing an AG Radiochemishes Laboratrium RIAgnost P-III-P kit. Serum P-III-P levels of 148 healthy subjects were 8.5 +/- 2.6 ng/ml (M +/- S.D.), with an upper limit of 13.7(M + 2S.D.). The serum P-III-P level in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma was elevated to 47.5 +/- 97.5 (88.9%). Serum P-III-P levels in cases of pancreatic carcinoma were elevated slightly, whereas those for patients with carcinoma of the stomach, colorectum, esophagus, and breast were low, and their P-III-P positive rates were lower than those of their serum CEA. On the other hand, the serum P-III-P levels in benign diseases involving the liver and biliary tract were higher than those in other benign diseases. Therefore, although serum P-III-P can be a useful marker in hepatocellular carcinoma, it may possibly be difficult to discriminate it from benign diseases involving the liver and biliary tract.
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PMID:[Clinical usefulness of serum procollagen-III-peptide in patients with solid tumor]. 620 98

DMG, a new polysaccharide with a well-characterized structure, isolated from the culture filtrate of an actinomycetes and then degraded by acid treatment, was tested for antitumor activity on allogeneic and syngeneic tumors in mice. In the allogeneic Ehrlich solid tumor system, DMG showed antitumor activity over a wide dose range, its optimal dose being 10-100 mg/kg. The optimal time of DMG administration was 1-2 weeks after tumor inoculation, but DMG was also effective when given before tumor inoculation. DMG was effective when given ip, sc, it (intratumorally) or iv. DMG also had antitumor effects on syngeneic tumors. It rapidly inhibited the growth of MM46 mammary carcinoma, MH134 hepatoma, and Meth A fibrosarcoma, and also inhibited spontaneous pulmonary metastases of B16-BL6 melanoma. However, it had no direct cytocidal action on tumor cells in vitro. Its antitumor activity was much less in athymic nude mice and in mice immunosuppressed by whole-body X-irradiation than in normal hosts.Thus, DMG was shown to exert antitumor activity via host-mediated mechanisms. Its antitumor activity is discussed in comparison with those of other antitumor polysaccharides.
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PMID:Host-mediated antitumor effect of DMG, a degraded D-manno-D-glucan from Microellobosporia grisea culture fluid. 623

Sonographic and histologic correlation was studied in 20 cases with a combined total of 23 resected lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma. All cases were examined by sonography within 1 week before surgery. Tumor sonograms were classified as hypoechoic, complex, or hyperechoic on the basis of the difference in echogenicity between the lesion and the surrounding liver parenchyma. Fourteen excised pathologic specimens were examined after surgery by a fixed-position sectional sonographic technique that permitted detailed comparison of the sonograms with the histologic findings. Each of the three types of lesion classified by echo pattern exhibited specific histopathologic characteristics. The hypoechoic lesion corresponded to a solid tumor without necrosis; the complex lesion corresponded to a tumor with partial necrosis; and the hyperechoic lesion was represented histopathologically by two distinct types of tumor, one with fatty metamorphosis and the other with marked sinusoidal dilatation. Fixed-position sectional sonography is a useful technique for comparing histologic and sonographic findings in a given tissue section and it contributes to the investigation of tissue characterization by sonography.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma: sonographic and histologic correlation. 630 Dec 49

A new method for the treatment of solid tumor, in particular, primary and metastatic liver cancer using a hydrophobic-polymer conjugated macromolecular anticancer agent, smancs is described. Smancs was dissolving in a lipid contrast medium, Lipiodol, as an injection into the feeding artery. The marked antitumor effect was observed in both experimental animals and human trials. In the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, both reductions in tumor size and alpha-feto-protein were observed in 91% of the patients. The survival period of the treated patient with highly advanced stage and inoperable cases was comparable to or better than that of resected cases. No major side effect such as bone marrow suppression or liver toxicity was observed due to selective drug delivery to the tumor. About half of the patients, however, showed a transitory fever (37-39 degrees C) for 1-3 days. The mechanism for such selective tumor targeting of anticancer agent appears to be due to the difference in the vascularity of tumor and normal tissue. Furthermore, we found that lack of lymphatic clearance system in the tumor made the prolonged and selective retention of such lipophilic drug in the tumor tissue possible. Another advantages of this method are found in radiological approaches. Differential diagnosis of primary or metastatic cancer became possible and dosing regimen can be determined since a presence of the contrast medium is restricted to the tumor area and it parallels to that of the drug being dissolved. Insufficiency in X-ray staining indicates a need for subsequent injection. The selective remaining of Lipiodol in the tumor for long period may help follow-up study as well.
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PMID:[Tumor selective drug delivery with lipid contrast medium (smancs/lipiodol): sustained antitumor effect, enhanced diagnostic value and quantification of dosage regimen]. 632 81


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