Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using spectrophotometric method, we studied the activities of serum alpha-L-fucosidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and alpha-D-mannosidase in 94 patients, of whom 32 had acute hepatitis, 4 subacute fulminant hepatitis, 27 chronic active hepatitis, 22 posthepatitic cirrhosis and 9 hepatocellular carcinoma. In comparison with normal controls, the activities of the three glycosidases in the patients were significantly increased. The degree of the elevation of alpha-L-fucosidase activity correlated to the clinical phases and the course of acute infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The levels of glycosidase activities could reflect to a certain degree the pathological variations of the liver. Monitoring the levels of glycosidase activities, especially alpha-L-fucosidase, would be helpful in the diagnosis and medical care of viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Activities of serum enzymes in patients with viral hepatitis B, posthepatitic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. 217 63

Patients with liver disease frequently have hemostatic abnormalities which include accelerated fibrinolysis. In order to assess the fibrinolytic state in liver disease, plasma levels of fibrinogenolysis products (FgDP), fibrinolysis products (FbDP), and fibrinogenolysis plus fibrinolysis products (TDP) were measured with newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays based on monoclonal antibodies in 36 patients with liver disease (six patients with acute hepatitis, seven with chronic hepatitis, ten with liver cirrhosis, 11 with hepatocellular carcinoma, and two with intrahepatic cholestasis). As compared with healthy subjects, mean plasma levels of FbDP (1,083 +/- SD 1,254 vs. 236 +/- 100 ng/ml, P = 0.005) and TDP (1,773 +/- 1,814 vs. 669 +/- 212 ng/ml, P = 0.001) were significantly elevated in patients with liver disease, whereas FgDP was normal (389 +/- 202 vs. 396 +/- 132 ng/ml, P = 0.87). Plasma FbDP correlated very well with TDP (r = 0.986, P less than 0.00001) in liver disease. In addition, FbDP and TDP but not FgDP correlated with plasma concentrations of thrombin-antithrombin III complex. When plotted by the disease categories, the magnitude of elevations of FbDP and TDP was the most prominent in acute hepatitis followed by hepatocellular carcinoma. These findings indicate that activation of fibrinolysis occurs following thrombin generation, but increased primary fibrinogenolysis is rare in liver disease.
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PMID:Fibrinolysis and fibrinogenolysis in liver disease. 219 67

To clarify the significance of the X gene of hepatitis B virus, we have tested for anti-HBx in the serum and HBxAg in the liver at different stages of the natural history of hepatitis B virus infection. Sera were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and positive results confirmed by immunoblot. Purified recombinant MS2 Pol-HBx fusion protein was used as target for both assays. Among serial sera of patients with nonfulminant acute hepatitis, 24 of 64 patients (37.5%) were positive for anti-HBx. In fulminant cases, 15 of 36 patients (42%) had anti-HBx. In chronic hepatitis patients with high rates of hepatitis B virus replication, we found a significantly (p less than 0.01) higher prevalence of anti-HBx, 14 of 25 patients (56%), than in those with low replication, 14 of 66 patients (21%), or among asymptomatic HBsAg carrier blood donors (20 of 126 = 16%) without detectable hepatitis B virus replication (p less than 0.0001). The highest prevalence of anti-HBx was found in HBsAg carriers with cirrhosis (41 of 54 patients = 76%) and/or with hepatocellular carcinoma (18 of 33 patients = 54%). The findings suggest that anti-HBx appears as a common and early marker of hepatitis B virus infection, transient in self-limited hepatitis but persisting with progression to chronicity. In chronic hepatitis, the prevalence of anti-HBx correlated with the intensity and duration of hepatitis B virus replication but neither with the severity of the liver disease nor with malignant transformation per se.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Early and frequent detection of HBxAg and/or anti-HBx in hepatitis B virus infection. 225 44

A total of 5,606 samples were collected during January 1978 to December 1983. Out of which 4,900 were of voluntary blood donors, 564 of acute hepatitis, 130 of liver cirrhosis and 12 from hepatocellular carcinoma cases. All these samples were studied by counter immune-electro-osmophoresis (CIEP) for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The HBsAg were detected in 40 samples from voluntary donors (0.8%), 122 cases of acute hepatitis (21.6%), 20 cases of liver cirrhosis (15.3%) and 2 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (16.6%).
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PMID:Incidence of hepatitis B surface antigen in liver diseases and voluntary blood donors. 226 84

In this study, the author intended to examine the validity of the inhaled hydrogen gas clearance method (i-H2) for determination of the hepatic blood flow (HBF), and also to show some applicabilities of the method in experimental animals and patients with liver diseases. Simultaneous determinations of HBF by i-H2 and electromagnetic flowmetry in rabbits revealed an excellent correlation between the values obtained by the two methods. Moreover, HBF in rabbits measured by i-H2 varied in parallel with that by thermocouple flowmetry or laser Doppler velocimetry after administration of norepinephrine, propranolol or glucagon. In carbon tetrachloride-treated rats, HBF measured by i-H2 correlated better with the severity of damage in the sinusoidal structure than the severity of hepatic cell injury or the serum levels of transaminases. HBF as determined by i-H2 was significantly decreased in acute hepatitis (AH), chronic inactive hepatitis (CIH), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), liver cirrhosis (LC) and fatty liver. Reduced HBF in AH returned to normal during recovery of the disease. The ratio of HBF in tumor/normal tissue was greater than 1.0 for hepatocellular carcinoma in contrast to the ratio of less than 1.0 for metastatic liver carcinoma. Propranolol caused a decrease in HBF by 31%, and vasopressin by 39% in patients with CIH or LC. In contrast, glucagon induced its increase by 65%, 35% and 17%, respectively, in patients with CIH, AH and LC.
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PMID:[Measurement of hepatic blood flow by the hydrogen gas clearance method. Experimental and clinical observations]. 236 96

In order to evaluate the clinical significance of serum biotin and biotinidase in liver disease, serum biotin levels and biotinidase activities were determined in 83 patients with various liver diseases and 10 healthy controls. Serum biotin levels and biotinidase activities were determined by a simplified lactobacillus plantarum bioassay and liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection respectively. Serum biotin levels in decompensated liver cirrhosis, hepatoma and fulminant hepatitis were found to be significant low compared with healthy controls, while it was significant high in autoimmune hepatitis. There was no significant difference between serum biotin levels in the other liver diseases and healthy controls. In various liver diseases except for both acute hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease biotinidase activities were significantly reduced than in healthy controls. Serum biotinidase activities were correlated with serum albumin, prothrombin time, ChE and total cholesterol respectively, suggesting that biotinidase activities may reflect the degree of liver damage. These results seem that biotin deficiency may occur in some cases of severe liver diseases.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of serum biotin levels and biotinidase activities in patients with various liver diseases]. 238 84

We have studied antibodies (anti-pol antibody) against the polymerase gene product of hepatitis B virus by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay using synthetic peptides coded for by this gene. Sera from six patients with acute hepatitis B, 112 chronic hepatitis B virus carriers and six healthy individuals with naturally acquired immunity to hepatitis B virus were tested for anti-pol antibody. In acute hepatitis B virus infection, anti-pol antibody was detected in three of six patients. In chronic hepatitis B virus infection, anti-pol antibody was detected in 17 of 29 (59%), in 23 of 33 (70%) of cirrhotic patients and in 18 of 24 (75%) patients with cirrhosis complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma, compared with 4 of 19 (21%) asymptomatic carriers and 2 of 7 (29%) patients with chronic persistent hepatitis. Titers of anti-pol antibody were higher in cirrhotic patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma than in patients with chronic active hepatitis. The presence of anti-pol antibody, however, had no relationship with hepatitis B virus-associated DNA polymerase activities and other viral replicative markers. As for sera from six healthy individuals with naturally acquired immunity to hepatitis B virus, two (33%) were positive for anti-pol antibody. These results indicate that the immune response toward the polymerase gene product is induced during acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infection. In chronic hepatitis B virus infection, anti-pol antibody may serve as a new marker indicative of a long period of hepatitis B virus-induced hepatitis.
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PMID:Detection of antibodies against the polymerase gene product in hepatitis B virus infection. 239 Oct 62

A 53-year-old man with hepatitis concurrent with cirrhosis was simultaneously positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and heterotypic anti HBs antibody. This could be explained by a state of tolerance, with chronic carrying of B virus (subtype a y w3), but would not preclude B virus (subtype d) reinfection, inducing the synthesis of specific anti-d antibodies. In the same patient, the very high level of 3460 ng/ml was reached for alpha-fetoprotein; this was transitory and returned to normal within 8 months; it was probably due to the acute hepatitis. Thus it appears that, even in cases of cirrhosis, a major rise in this marker does not absolutely imply the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Alpha-fetoprotein in hepatitis superimposed on cirrhosis: a case of concomitant hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody associated with a major but transient increase in the alpha-fetoprotein level. 241 36

Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) is a polypeptide isolated from malignant cells and found in high concentration in the serum of patients with various tumors. No information is available with respect to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Serum TPA concentrations were measured in 290 patients with HCC, 85 healthy controls, 33 patients with amebic hepatic abscesses, 43 with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, and 39 with acute hepatitis. Raised values were found in 96% of the HCC patients, but also in 61% of patients with amebic abscesses, 86% with chronic hepatic parenchymal disease, and 90% with acute hepatitis. If a cut-off level of 500 IU/L was used, this reduced the sensitivity of TPA in HCC to 46%, but still left 46% of patients with acute hepatitis with raised values. TPA is comparable in sensitivity with alpha-fetoprotein as a marker for HCC, but its lack of specificity severely limits its clinical usefulness.
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PMID:The value of serum concentrations of tissue polypeptide antigen in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. 242 21

We examined the clinical usefulness of serum tripeptide aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.4) activity in diagnosing liver diseases. We found that increased tripeptide aminopeptidase activity accompanied an elevation in alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT) in the sera of patients with non-cancerous liver diseases and that these enzyme activities were correlated (r = 0.826-0.972). In contrast, an increase in tripeptide aminopeptidase activity did not coincide with an elevation in ALT activity in the sera of patients with cancerous liver diseases. We also observed a correlation in acute hepatitis and in patients following transcatheter arterial embolization of hepatoma throughout their subsequent clinical courses. The difference in serum enzyme activities for cancerous and non-cancerous liver diseases seems to result from changes in enzyme activities in cancerous liver tissues. We found that the ratio of tripeptide aminopeptidase to ALT activity in hepatoma tissues (1.9) was 4 times higher than that in normal liver tissues (0.5).
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PMID:Clinical usefulness of serum tripeptide aminopeptidase activity in diagnosing liver diseases. 243 31


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