Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Duodenofiberscopy with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed in 102 patients with obstructive jaundice. Peritoneoscopy and peritoneoscopic cholecystocholangiography were done in patients whose ERCP was inconclusive. The causes of obstructive jaundice were carcinoma of the pancreas in 14 cases, carcinoma of the papilla of Vater in 12 cases, choledocholithiasis in 37 cases, carcinoma of the common bile duct in seven cases, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in seven cases, intrahepatic cholestasis in three cases and miscellaneous causes in eight cases. No final diagnosis was made in 14 patients. The duodenofiberscopic examination with biopsy revealed the cause of obstructive jaundice directly in eight cases, when carcinoma of the pancreas or papilla of Vater extended to the duodenal mucosal surface. In 34 of the 37 patients with choledocholithiasis, ERCP alone was successful in making the diagnosis. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and ERCP were used together to reach a diagnosis in the remaining three patients. We propose a classification for HCC on ERCP which may be useful for the study of icteric type HCC.
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PMID:Endoscopic approaches in the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice--with special reference to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. 136 12

The following publication describes the diagnostic approach in different benign and malignant space-occupying lesions of the liver and pancreas. An essential prerequisite is that all imaging methods are actually available and can be made use of. While taking the cost factor into consideration, flow diagrams are worked out for haemangiomas, focal nodular hyperplasia, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases, as well as for carcinoma of the pancreas and for insulinoma.
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PMID:[X-ray diagnostic strategies in liver and pancreatic tumors]. 255 64

Until February 1984, 75 patients have undergone radiotherapy using the following two methods: 1. During surgery, electron 3000 rads were given. 2. For external irradiation, X-ray or fast neutron was given with a TDF (time dose and fractionation factor) of 80-110. Hepatocellular carcinoma: There were 14 patients including 6 preoperative irradiation and 8 unresectable cases. Improvements were obtained image diagnostically in 9 of 13 patients. Serum AFP level decreased in 6 of 8 patients. And the resected specimens revealed degeneration or necrosis of the cancer tissue. Radiotherapy can given beneficial effect to the patients with tumor emboli within the portal vein, or even disappearance of the tumor emboli sometimes could be seen. Bile duct carcinoma: There were 30 patients including 12 with intraoperative irradiation. 2 irradiated during surgery and external irradiation, and 16 with external irradiation. More than 1-year survivals observed in 6 of 18 unresectable cases. The longest survival of non-curative operation was 6.5 years with treatment. Pancreas carcinoma: There were 31 patients including 29 unresectable and 2 resectable cases. Prolongation of survival time in unresectable patients was not obtained with an interval of 5 months at 50% survival rate. But some clinical complaints were relieved. We concluded that radiotherapy is useful to improve surgical curability by decreasing the cancer cell viability, to give a wider surgical indication if portal tumor emboli can be eliminated, to prevent early tumor recurrence, and to give some beneficial effects to unresectable or recurrent patients.
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PMID:[The role of radiotherapy in the management of cancer of digestive organs: the liver, bile tract and pancreas]. 650 63

A 5-year review of 50 patients, 28 males, 22 females, with a mean age of 42 years, operated for obstructive jaundice at Ile-Ife, Nigeria was undertaken. Neoplasms of the pancreas, liver, and bile duct were the common causes. Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography (PTC) with hypotonic duodenography was excellent in determining the underlying lesions. Pancreatic carcinoma accounted for 28% of cases, cholelithiasis 24%, hepatoma 22%, metastatic cancer 14%, bile duct carcinoma 10%, and traumatic pancreatic pseudocyst 2%. The patients with malignancies were older than those with biliary calculi. Biochemically, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia, particularly in malignant obstructions, were diagnostic. Benigh bile ductal obstructions were surgically managed without any mortality. Malignant obstructions were surgically managed without any mortality. Malignant obstructions with their advanced presentations were less successfully managed. Biopsy alone or palliative bypass procedure could only be offered and the survival rate was dismal.
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PMID:Diagnosis, management and prognosis of obstructive jaundice in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. 992 Oct 92

A pancreatic carcinoma, associated with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level, was resected from a 67-year-old man. The tumor was strongly suggested to be an acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas, based on the histological findings of the resected specimen. The tumor measured 12 x 10 x 9 cm, and the cut surface was soft, whitish-yellow, focally necrotic, and hemorrhagic. Under a light microscope, the tumor cells were not arranged in a tubular and trabecular pattern, but rather, showed a tendency toward an acinar structure. Immunohistochemically, alpha 1-antitrypsin- and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin-positive reactions were diffusely positive in most of the tumor cells, while staining for chromogranin, neuron-specific enolase, Grimelius, glucagon, insulin, and alpha-fetoprotein was negative in the tumor cells. We report a large acinar cell carcinoma (associated with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level), which had been misdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma preoperatively.
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PMID:Large acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas in a patient with elevated serum AFP level. 1098 18

Extrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma differentiation has been demonstrated in primary malignancies of the stomach. To date, only five cases of hepatocellular differentiation of the pancreas have been reported in the literature. An example of hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas is reported in this study. A single case of hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas is presented with long-term follow-up and review of the literature. This rare malignancy of the pancreas represents a hepatocytic transdifferentiation of pancreatic cells to form a combination of both primary ductal adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular differentiation.
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PMID:Hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas. 1558 21

We report on the case of a 19-year-old male with an alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas. Tumour markers other than AFP were normal. Because of inoperability, a combined radiochemotherapy was initiated with a hyperfractionated dose of 44.8 Gy. Initially, the tumour showed a good response to irradiation and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) application, and therapy showed sufficient local control. After combined radio-chemotherapy, AFP levels declined from about 3000 ng/ml (reference area: 0-7 ng/ml) to 18 ng/ml, but increased when widespread metastasis appeared. The patient died 18 months after the initial therapy due to general tumour progression. Originally, AFP was thought to be specific to hepatocellular carcinoma and germ cell tumours. Rarely has it been reported in other malignancies. Rare cases of acinar cell carcinomas of the pancreas were found to express AFP. Our patient is the youngest reported in the literature to date. When present, AFP expression is useful for diagnosis and as a marker for monitoring therapeutic response and recurrence of the disease.
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PMID:Alpha-fetoprotein-positive carcinoma of the pancreas: a case report. 1603 80

Hepatoid carcinoma is a primary extrahepatic neoplasm exhibiting features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in terms of morphology, immunohistochemistry, and behavior. In many cases, tumor cytoplasm is positive for alpha- fetoprotein (alpha-FP) with elevated serum alpha-FP level. Because not all hepatoid carcinomas are associated with alpha- FP overproduction, diagnosis should be made essentially by histological features of the tumor. We present a case of hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas in a 21-year-old male patient. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an inhomogeneously enhanced pancreatic head mass. Serum alpha-FP level was markedly elevated. He underwent pylorus-preserving Whipple's operation. The tumor showed hepatoid and neuroendocrine components simultaneously. The histopathological diagnosis was hepatoid carcinoma associated with neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas. Seven months after the surgery, the patient is healthy without evidence of recurrence. To date, only 7 cases of hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas have been reported in the literature, and this is the first case report in Korea.
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PMID:[A case of hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas]. 1671 82

We describe a rare case of hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas with production of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II (PIVKA-II) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The patient was a 49-year-old woman admitted because of high serum levels of PIVKA-II (1.63 AU/ml) and AFP (623 ng/ml) and abnormal ultrasonographic findings of the pancreas, found incidentally at medical checkup. Both ultrasonography and computed tomography showed swelling of the pancreas with small areas of low density, but no hepatic lesions. The serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 were not increased. A PIVKA-II and AFP-producing pancreatic cancer was strongly suspected, and total pancreatectomy was performed. Pathological examination showed that the tumor cells were arranged in trabecular and solid patterns with bile production, and were immunohistochemically positive for PIVKA-II and AFP, resembling hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The tumor was diagnosed as hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas, and the patient has survived 48 months after initial diagnosis. It is important that hepatoid carcinoma be considered as a possible malignant tumor of the pancreas, and simultaneous measurement of the serum levels of AFP and PIVKA-II will enable earlier diagnosis. This is the first report describing hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas producing PIVKA-II.
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PMID:Hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas producing protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II (PIVKA-II) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). 1709 71

Hepatoid carcinomas are tumors that display, at least focally, cytologic and/or architectural features of hepatocellular carcinoma. They have been described in several organs, most notably in the stomach and ovary. We report a case of hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas that developed in a 41-year-old woman in association with a pancreatic endocrine carcinoma. The fine needle aspiration material was characterized by the presence of monotonous, small-to-medium sized tumor cells with round nuclei and finely granular chromatin, intermixed with more atypical tumor cells displaying larger nuclei with coarse clumped chromatin, prominent nucleoli, and moderate amounts of foamy cytoplasm. The excised specimen displayed a poorly differentiated pancreatic endocrine carcinoma associated with well-defined islands of larger tumor cells growing in a perisinusoidal pattern which, based on their immunohistochemical profile and the demonstration of bile, proved to represent a hepatoid component. This case and prior examples in the literature suggest that hepatoid carcinomas of the pancreas appear to be a heterogeneous group of tumors (pure or associated with another histologic component) that are often associated with early liver metastasis and a short survival, although those arising as a component of endocrine tumors seem to fare slightly better. Hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas should be included in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic tumors composed of large eosinophilic cells.
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PMID:Hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas: a case report and literature review of a heterogeneous group of tumors. 1719 31


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