Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human hepatoma cell lines were shown for the first time to contain various types of procollagen mRNAs. The amounts and types of procollagen mRNAs differed depending on the cell lines. Pro alpha 1 (III) and pro alpha 1 (IV) collagen mRNAs were present in PLC/PRF/5, a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, whereas pro alpha 1 (I), pro alpha 2 (I), pro alpha 1 (IV) and pro alpha 2 (V) collagen genes contrast, HepG2 cells derived from hepatoblastoma contained little, if any, mRNAs for these types of procollagens we had examined.
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PMID:Presence of different types of procollagen messenger RNAs in human hepatoma cell lines. 282 74

Expression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) was analyzed in six human hepatocellular carcinoma-derived and one human hepatoblastoma-derived cell line, each of which retained the differentiated phenotype and functions of the parenchymal hepatocyte. The level of receptor expression of each hepatoma cell line was similar to that of the normal human fibroblast, approximately 10(5) molecules per cell. However, NPLC/PRF/5, a subline of the PLC/PRF/5 cell line obtained following reestablishment of a xenograft tumor in vitro, was found to express 4 x 10(6) high-affinity EGF receptor molecules per cell. Proliferation of the NPLC/PRF/5 cell line was inhibited in the presence of nanomolar quantities of ligand. Receptor overexpression was found to result from EGF receptor gene amplification without apparent rearrangement of the EGF receptor coding sequences. Although cell-specific variability in posttranslational processing of EGF receptor N-linked oligosaccharides in the hepatoma cell lines was found, no difference between the receptors in PLC/PRF/5 and NPLC/PRF/5 was observed and no aberrant receptor-related species were detected. EGF receptor gene amplification in the NPLC/PRF/5 cell line is probably a reflection of genome instability and selection of variants with augmented growth potential in limiting concentrations of EGF in vivo. When viewed in this light, EGF receptor overexpression could represent a manifestation of tumor progression in the EGF-responsive hepatocyte.
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PMID:Expression and biosynthetic variation of the epidermal growth factor receptor in human hepatocellular carcinoma-derived cell lines. 282 3

During the years 1976 through 1985, 55 cases of primary malignant tumor of liver in infants and children were treated. Of the 55, 30 were histologically proved to have hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and ten to have hepatoblastoma (HB). HCC was diagnosed in another 14 children based on clinical findings. There was one case of liposarcoma. Distinguishing features of primary malignant tumor of the liver of children in Taiwan include: (1) a significantly greater number of HCC than HB (4.4:1); (2) a 100% (25/25) positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with family clustering for HCC; (3) 71% of the HCC patients also suffered from liver cirrhosis; (4) male preponderance in incidence of HCC. All of these results strongly supported the idea that vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus infection from the mother plays an important role in the development of HCC in this area. A 60% resectable rate and 40% survival rate were observed in HB, but for HCC, the resectability was less than 10%. Only two children were cured of HCC. Among those without tumor resection, all, except two, children died within 1 year. No difference in survival time was observed between those who had chemotherapy and those who did not. Early diagnosis and complete excision of the tumor remains the only way to long-term survival. Monitoring of alpha-fetoprotein in high-risk children, followed by more intensive investigation for those with elevation, is mandatory for early detection of the tumor.
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PMID:Primary malignant tumor of liver in infants and children in Taiwan. 283 62

The effects on human hepatoblastoma (HuH-6) and hepatoma (HuH-7) cell lines of collagen type I (CI), type IV (CIV), fibronectin (FN) and laminin (LAM) were investigated. CI and CIV promoted almost equally the attachment of both cell lines more strikingly than did FN or LAM. CI and CIV were also superior to FN or LAM in supporting the growth of HuH-6. These substrates, however, had no appreciable effect on the growth of HuH-7. The amount of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin secreted in HuH-6 was found to be higher on FN- and LAM- coated substrates than on the other matrix material- coated ones. HuH-7 exhibited increased levels of AFP on LAM- coated substrates 4 days after plating. These results indicate that the ability of extracellular matrix materials to enhance attachment and/or growth is different from that to enhance AFP and albumin production in HuH-6 and probably in HuH-7.
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PMID:Effects of various substrates on human hepatoblastoma and hepatoma cell culture. 284 Feb 8

Twenty seven children aged 1 to 15 years were admitted from 1981 to 1987 for the investigation and/or the surgical treatment of a primary liver malignancy (25 hepatoblastomas and 2 hepatocellular carcinomas). All were submitted to preoperative multidrug chemotherapy. One child died from circulatory failure early after the diagnosis and two children considered to be non operable died also. A macroscopically satisfactory resection could be achieved in 24/27 cases. Sixteen out of these 24 children are alive and disease free, 11 of them with a follow-up over 2 years. Two of these 16 survivors underwent a second operation for resection of a local recurrence. Four children died after a massive unresectable hepatic relapse, two after a second relapse and a one after the onset of pulmonary metastases during her chemotherapeutic postoperative course. One further child is at yet in a critical situation because of a late small secondary hepatic relapse. Two factors contributed to improvement of survival an cure rates during the past ten years: 1. Routine preoperative chemotherapy, which may help in controlling the disease and greatly facilitates surgery by shrinking of massive tumors. 2. Better surgical management and especially the total hepatic vascular exclusion, used in 13 cases of this series. Three situations still have a poor outlook: 1. Hepatocellular carcinoma 2. Hepatoblastoma with a low response to chemotherapy 3. Multifocal tumors and those involving the main hepatic vessels. The feasibility of a liver transplantation in some selected cases is discussed.
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PMID:[Surgery of hepatoblastoma and hepatocarcinoma in children in the era of preoperative chemotherapy. Current progress and limitations]. 285 60

Hepatoblastoma is universally recognized and appreciated as one of the unique embryonic tumors of childhood whose morphologic features attempt to recapitulate some of the developmental aspects of the liver. One of the earliest reports referred to this tumor as a teratoma, and it was not until 60 years later that the hepatoblastoma was clearly differentiated from the hepatocellular carcinoma. With the success of the National Wilms' Tumor Study in the recognition and definition of prognostically favorable and unfavorable pathologic types of Wilms' tumor, efforts have been made in this same direction with hepatoblastoma and other malignancies in the pediatric-age population. This review analyzes the progress that has been made in the delineation of morphologic subtypes of hepatoblastoma and their reliability as indicators of prognosis. We conclude that the data are somewhat contradictory about the significance of pure fetal histology as a favorable factor. There are presently too few observations on the so-called macrotrabecular hepatoblastoma to be certain whether it is prognostically unfavorable or not, but general agreement exists about the poor prognosis associated with the rare small cell or anaplastic hepatoblastoma. It is important for clinicians and pathologists to remember that the liver is also the site of other poorly differentiated and primitive-appearing neoplasms that are distinctive entities from hepatoblastoma.
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PMID:Hepatoblastoma: an analysis of the relationship between morphologic subtypes and prognosis. 285 80

The cytologic features of fine-needle aspirates (FNA) of two hepatoblastomas (HBs) and a liver-cell carcinoma (LCC) occurring in three children, ages 1, 3, and 14 yr, are presented. Electron microscopic features of one of the HBs and the LCC are also included. The HBs displayed single or small aggregates or larger clusters of cells with a high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and usually round, hyperchromatic nuclei with single, and occasionally double, prominent nucleoli. In addition, one patient had extramedullary hematopoiesis; both had osteoid-like material. These findings were very helpful in differentiating the HB cases from the LCC case, which had features similar to those of adult hepatocytes, including the presence of abundant, finely granular cytoplasm. Ultrastructural studies showed an absence of differentiation into adult hepatocytes in the HB, with scant organelles, rare bile canaliculi, lakes of glycogen, and rare lysosomal bodies. In contrast, the LCC showed features similar to adult hepatocytes, such as abundant cytoplasmic organelles, lysosomes, and bile canaliculi. In addition, intranuclear pseudoinclusions caused by cytoplasmic invagination were present in the LCC but not in the HB. Fine-needle aspiration of hepatic masses in children is a useful technique for rendering a diagnosis, especially in unresectable tumors. Ultrastructural studies on FNA material may be important in differentiating hepatoblastoma from hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration cytology of pediatric patients with primary hepatic tumors: a comparative study of two hepatoblastomas and a liver-cell carcinoma. 285 46

Both the prognosis and treatment of hepatic tumors in children depend upon the histological diagnosis and the extent of disease. Recent advances in imaging techniques permit characterization of specific tumors and differentiation from other intrahepatic processes. An integrated imaging protocol involving a combination of ultrasound, computed tomography, and scintigraphy often provides a high degree of accuracy. Patterns derived from 40 cases of hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, monotypic small-cell sarcoma, and metastatic tumors are discussed and an algorithm for evaluation of hepatic tumors in children is presented.
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PMID:Integrated imaging of hepatic tumors in childhood. Part I: Malignant lesions (primary and metastatic). 298 Nov 15

Serial changes in sonographic appearance after transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization (TAE) were studied in 22 patients who had hepatoma and one patient who had a hepatoblastoma. These changes were classified into three types. In cases of type 1, the internal echo of the entire tumor became remarkably echogenic with or without an acoustic shadow. In cases of type 2, echogenic areas or scattered echogenic spots with or without acoustic shadows were observed. In Type 3 cases, no changes in sonographic appearance were observed. Tumor diameters in all of the type 1 cases were less than 4.9 cm. Various size tumors were observed in the cases of type 2 and type 3. Transcatheter arterial embolization was completely effective or effective in 89 per cent of the type 1 and type 2 cases, but was not effective in 75 per cent of the type 3 cases. The sonographic changes correlated well with the effectiveness of TAE.
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PMID:Serial changes in sonographic appearance after transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization. 299 40

One hundred and twenty-three patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 4 patients with hepatoblastoma were treated with systemic chemotherapy, and then one patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and 4 patients with hepatoblastoma underwent hepatectomy. Preoperative chemotherapy was evaluated to have been successful in the patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and 3 of the 4 patients with hepatoblastoma. In the former, marked tumor necrosis was observed in the resected specimen. In the latter, a rapid decrease of serum AFP level (T1/2 was less than 13 days) was observed in the effective cases. Preoperative chemotherapy is very useful if effective drugs are available. However, the most serious problem in this field is the lack of drugs active against hepatocellular carcinoma. Our recent results of phase II studies on hepatocellular carcinoma using various drugs were as follows adriamycin 6% (1/17), tegafur 7% (1/15), UFT 4% (1/26) and VP-16 5% (1/21). Development of a new active anticancer agent is thought to be essential if treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma is to advance.
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PMID:[Systemic chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma]. 301 33


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