Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Determination of p21, a product of Ha-ras oncogene, and HBsAg in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis etc. was carried out with ABC method. The results showed that HCC tissues exhibited enhancement of p21 expression with a positive rate of 72.4%, which was obviously higher than the expression of p21 in tissues from liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis and hepatoblastoma. The p21 positive rate of regenerative cirrhosis nodules close to the HCC was 87.2%. The p21 expression level in HBsAg positive regenerative nodules of cirrhosis close to the HCC was significantly high, and its positive rate reached 93.9%. The expression level of p21 protein in well-differentiated HCC was higher than that of poorly differentiated and undifferentiated HCC. Therefore, the result suggests that the expression level of p21 in liver cirrhosis is related to persistent infection of HBV. The elevated expression of p21 plays an important role in the development of regenerative nodules in liver cirrhosis towards HCC, and it is also an important factor in the early stage of HCC development.
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PMID:[Expression of p21 in hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis and its relation with HBV infection]. 165 96

Of about 56000 autopsies carried out in Venice (between 1906 and 1988) there is a frequency 1.15% of hepatic primary carcinoma. In the pre-1946 period, the frequency is 0.59%, whereas in the post-1946 period it rises to 1.88%. There is a marked increase of cirrhosis related carcinoma, most notably in women. The main risk factors would appear to be alcohol and HBV. In the same period, there were 3 cases of hepatoblastoma (0.005%) and one case of hepatocellular carcinoma in early infancy.
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PMID:[On the frequency of primary hepatic carcinoma in the sector of Venice from 1906 to 1988]. 165 75

This prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of continuous-infusion doxorubicin and cisplatin (CI-DOX/CPPD) for the treatment of children with incompletely resected hepatic cancer. Of the 46 evaluable patients, 32 had hepatoblastoma (70%) and 14 had hepatocellular carcinoma. Ten children had stage II tumors (microscopic residual), 25 were defined as stage III (gross residual), and 11 had distant metastasis (stage IV). Twelve patients underwent initial incomplete resection of their hepatic lesions and in the 34 others tumor biopsy specimens were obtained. Chemotherapy was administered and the majority of the children (70%) had an excellent clinical response with a decrease in both alpha-fetoprotein levels and measured tumor dimensions. The combination of CI-DOX/CPDD clearly facilitated surgical management, allowing for delayed hepatic resections in 20 of the 34 patients (59%) whose tumors were initially biopsied and considered to be unresectable. Overall survival in this study demonstrates a significant improvement in comparison to the historical controls. Twenty-one patients (46%) remain in complete clinical remission an average of 30 months following diagnosis (range, 17 to 40 months). The outcome of the children with hepatoblastoma was much better than those with hepatocellular carcinoma (63% v 17% survival). Survival of the 20 children who underwent delayed hepatic resections was not statistically different from the 12 patients whose hepatic tumors were removed at the initial laparotomy (41% v 58% survival). Although no obvious survival advantage was observed in those patients who underwent initial hepatic resections, there did appear to be an increased risk of postoperative complications in children whose tumors were resected following chemotherapy (8% v 25%).
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PMID:The surgical management of children with incompletely resected hepatic cancer is facilitated by intensive chemotherapy. 165 89

Angiotensin-induced hypertension chemotherapy (IHC) was investigated in six children with the following advanced malignancies: hepatocellular carcinoma, extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma, sacrococcygeal malignant teratoma, small round cell tumor of the chest wall, hepatoblastoma and osteogenic sarcoma. Partial response was achieved in three of these patients, two showed no change, and in one IHC was used as adjuvant chemotherapy. The side effects of IHC were minimal and tolerable. Angiotensin-IHC may provide a new approach to pediatric cancer chemotherapy.
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PMID:Angiotensin-induced hypertension chemotherapy in children with advanced solid tumors. 166 35

13 cases of hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma are reviewed with respect to the visibility of the tumour margin, hepatic veins, and portal veins on non-contrast, non-dynamic and dynamic computerised scans. In large tumours the accurate interpretation of venous anatomy can be difficult. We found that dynamic scanning followed by a repeat scan of selected slices after a few minutes was the most useful method. If facilities for dynamic scanning are not available then it is suggested that conventional scanning be performed immediately after the intravenous injection so as to avoid the isodense phase of hepatic enhancement.
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PMID:Childhood hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma: integrated sonography and dynamic CT. 166 65

The expression of three human metallothionein genes, MT-IIA, MT-IF, and MT-IG was studied in the human hepatoblastoma (HepG2), the hepatocarcinoma (Hep3B2), the embryonic kidney (Hek 293), and the lymphoblastoid-derived (Wi-L2) cell lines. The pattern of expression of each specific MT gene in response to various heavy metals was different among the four cell lines studied indicating differential regulation of MT gene expression. The MT-IF or MT-IG and the MT-IIA genes were regulated in a cell-type specific manner in response to heavy metals and dexamethasone, respectively. DNA methylation was shown to be correlated to cell-type specific regulation of MT gene expression since 5-azacytidine treatment resulted in the expression of the MT-IF and MT-IG genes in response to cadmium and zinc in Wi-L2 cells, of the MT-IIA gene in response to dexamethasone in Wi-L2 cells, and of the MT-IG in response to zinc and copper in Hek 293 cells. Furthermore, transfection studies indicated that all the trans-acting factors necessary for the expression of these genes were present and functional in Wi-L2 and Hek 293 cells. The differential level of expression of the MT-IF and MT-IG genes in response to heavy metals in the Hek 293 cell line was shown to be correlated to their chromatin structure.
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PMID:Cell-type specific and differential regulation of the human metallothionein genes. Correlation with DNA methylation and chromatin structure. 169 Jul 31

Immunohistochemical staining of cell lines derived from human liver tumours showed that five cell lines derived from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatoblastoma were stained positively with monoclonal keratin antibodies, CK-5 (Ker-18-specific) and KL-1 (broad specificity), but not with CK-7 (Ker-7-specific). On the other hand, four carcinoma cell lines derived from the biliary system were stained positively with not only CK-5 and KL-1, but also CK-7.
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PMID:Cytokeratin expression in human cell lines derived from liver tumors. 170 48

Inhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma (PLC/PRF/5 and Hep3B) or hepatoblastoma (Hep G2) cell lines by inclusion of deferoxamine mesylate (desferrioxamine) (DFX) in the culture medium was evaluated. When PLC/PRF/5 cells were maintained for 7 days in 30 or 60 microM DFX, the cell number was decreased by 30-60%, little or no alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was produced, and supernatant endpoint dilution titers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were reduced 1-2 logs. PLC/PRF/5 cells maintained for 7 days without DFX (simultaneous controls) grew to confluence, produced AFP that reached 10-60 ng/ml in the supernate, and the HBsAg titer remained constant or increased 1 log. Similar effects were observed in Hep3B and Hep G2 cells maintained in DFX (except that Hep G2 cells do not produce HBsAg), compared to simultaneous control cells grown in the absence of DFX. The growth of a human embryonic lung fibroblast cell line (Wl 38) was not significantly inhibited by DFX, although it grew at a slower rate than simultaneous control cells grown without DFX. Subsequent growth in FeSO4 of PLC/PRF/5, Hep3B, and Hep G2 cells that previously had been maintained in DFX did not reverse the effects of DFX. PLC/PRF/5 cells were also inhibited when maintained in medium containing equimolar concentrations of DFX and FeCl3 and in medium containing equimolar concentrations of DFX and FeSO4. PLC/PRF/5 cells were not inhibited by maintenance in up to 60 microM of another chelating agent that has a similar affinity for iron, calcium disodium versenate (EDTA). These studies show that DFX inhibits the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma cell lines regardless of the presence (PLC/PRF/5, Hep3B) or absence (Hep G2) of integrated hepatitis B virus DNA. The findings also suggest that the inhibition may have been due to mechanisms other than iron chelation.
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PMID:Inhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma cell lines by deferoxamine. 171 97

Pathological diagnosis of hepatic tumors is sometimes difficult when performed with only routine examinations such as Hematoxylin and Eosin (H.E.) stain. The diagnostic usefulness of KM01 was compared to that of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA19-9 and ras p21 in this immunohistochemical study. AFP was positive in about half of the cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma, and AFP-positive cells were frequently found at the periphery of acini in both diseases. Absorbed CEA stain was mostly negative in hepatocellular carcinoma, but was positive in the cells of mixed hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma (MHCC) and metastatic liver cancer, especially in their cytoplasm. CA19-9 immunostaining was completely negative, and was only 3% positive in hepatocellular carcinoma. KM01 stain was positive in about half of the cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma and MHCC. It was positive in proliferated bile ducts around the capsule in the former two diseases but positive in the tumor cell of both parts of the cytoplasm in the latter. The histological positivity of ras p21 was high in all tumor cells of these three types of tumors. Negative absorbed CEA and KM01 in pseudoglandular hepatocellular carcinoma differentiated from MHCC and metastatic liver cancer. However these tumor markers were occasionally positive and nonspecific in cancer-like lesions, implying no advantage for differential diagnosis between hepatocellular carcinoma and apparent cancer-like lesions. The above results demonstrate that AFP, CEA and KM01 are effective for differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma among various hepatic tumors.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical study on hepatic tumors--KM01 stains compared with AFP, CEA, CA19-9 and RAS P21. 171 40

Although most children who die of liver malignancies do so as the result of complications of pulmonary metastases, little has been published regarding the efficacy of surgically excising such lesions. To the 12 previously reported cases of children who have undergone excision of pulmonary metastases of hepatic tumors, are added 5, 4 with hepatoblastoma and 1 with hepatocellular carcinoma. Total excision of a primary hepatic tumor leads to survival much more frequently than does incomplete excision. No patient had metastases at diagnosis. The length of time between resection of the primary tumor and the development of pulmonary disease resistant to chemotherapy is available for 9 of the 17 children; it was under 6 months for the 2 who died but over 6 months for the 7 who survived. Postoperative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels accurately predicted the development of metastases in our 5 patients. Resection of metastases benefitted the 4 whose AFP levels had declined to less than 25 ng/mL following initial chemotherapy and who underwent operation before their levels increased above 1,000 ng/mL. They are alive and free of disease 4 to 83 months following excision of their lesions. Resection did not benefit the 1 nonsurvivor whose AFP level fell only to 5,000 ng/mL before beginning to increase, eventually reaching 58,000 ng/mL at the time of operation. Incomplete resection of metastases unresponsive to chemotherapy predictably leads to death. Multiple thoracotomies were successful in achieving the long-term survival of 4 children in this series.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Aggressive excision of pulmonary metastases is warranted in the management of childhood hepatic tumors. 171 81


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