Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We reported a case of interstitial pneumonia immediately after hepatic arterial infusion of Lipiodol anticancer drug emulsion for hepatocellular carcinoma. The reason was considered that Lipiodol-anticancer drug emulsion ran through an A-V shunt to alveolar septum resulting in alveolitis.
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PMID:[A case of interstitial pneumonia after hepatic arterial infusion of lipiodol-anticancer drug emulsion for hepatocellular carcinoma]. 217 Jul 10

Here we report an autopsy case with anti-neutrophil antibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitis accompanied by autoimmune hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. A 69-year-old woman was admitted to Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital in October 1995 because of leg edema. She had presented cough in 1990 and diagnosed as interstitial pneumonia, esophageal varices and liver chirosis. On admission, laboratory data showed mild anemia, hypoproteinemia, and marked gammagloblinemia. IgM-HA antibody, HBs antigen, HBs antibody, HCV antibody and HDV antibody were negative. Anti-nuclear antibody, anticentromere antibody, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody against myeloperoxidase and cathepsin G (MPO-ANCA and cathepsin G), rheumatoid factor and direct coombs test were positive. Serum level of AFP and CEA were elevated. Ultrasonography and computed tomography of abdomen scowed liver chirosis and tumor in left lobe of liver. The diagnosis of liver chirosis based on autoimmune hepatitis and Interstitial pneumonia was made with clinical course, laboratory findings and radiographic findings although liver biopsy was not performed. She complained of bloody stool due to ulcer of the large intestine, and died of liver failure which progressed rapidly. The autopsy findings detected that pulmonary fibrosis, liver fibrosis with multiple hepatocellular carcinoma, necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis, and vasculitis of small artery inn colon. This was the first report of MPO-ANCA associated vasuculitis complicated with autoimmune hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinical significance of ANCA and immunogenetic background of these diseases were discussed.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated vasculitis accompanied by autoimmune hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma]. 917 69

Hepatitis C is a common infection with worldwide prevalence. It has a variable course and can lead to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Until recently alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha) was the only effective treatment available. Combination therapy with IFN-alpha and ribavirin has been found to be more efficacious than IFN-alpha alone. Various side effects have been ascribed to interferon, such as arthralgias, myalgias, fatigue, and gastrointestinal and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Interstitial pneumonitis is a rare but known complication of IFN-alpha when given at a high dosage of 6 to 10 million units per day. Ribavirin is associated with dose-dependent hemolytic anemia, cough, dyspnea, rash, depression, and dyspepsia, although a potential role in interferon-induced interstitial pneumonitis has not been described. We describe a patient with an excellent clinical response of chronic hepatitis C to combination therapy with IFN-alpha at a dosage of 3 million units per day and ribavirin. The patient developed interstitial pneumonitis that resolved after discontinuation of IFN-alpha and ribavirin. Given that interstitial pneumonitis has previously been reported with high-dose IFN-alpha, this case suggests that this complication may occur with lower dosages of IFN-alpha, although a potential role for ribavirin in this disorder at present remains speculative.
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PMID:Interstitial pneumonitis in a patient treated with alpha-interferon and ribavirin for hepatitis C infection. 1167 22

Polystichum squarrosum fern fed (30% w/w) rats showed moderate mortality, decrease in body weight, less body fat and splenomegaly. On post-mortem examination, significant gross lesions were not seen in sacrificed animals. Histopathologically, Polystichum fed rats showed dilated Virchow Robin's space in brain, mild to moderate vascular changes likeoedema, engorgement of blood vessels and haemorrhages in most of the visceral organs, interstitial pneumonia in lungs, focal necrosis and generalised vacuolative degenerative changes in liver, more haemosiderin deposition and presence of higher number of megakaryocytes in spleen, shrunken glomeruli, more peri-glomerular space and more number of glomeruli per microscopic field in kidneys, focal hyperplasia of urinary bladder and moderate to marked depletion of germinal epithelium and spermatids in seminiferous tubules of testes. Pathologically, progressive changes were observed only in liver, urinary bladder and testes on 180 days post feeding (DPF). One fern fed rat sacrificed on 135 DPF showed hepatic tumour which was diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma. The results showed that P. squarrosum produced almost comparable pathological changes/preneoplastic lesions as reported in bracken fern fed animals. Long term exposure studies (i.e. 2 yrs) are desired.
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PMID:Pathological evaluation of Polystichum squarrosum (D. Don) fern in laboratory rats. 1201 78

Infection, including viral infection, still cause serious complication in the course of chemotherapy. Recognition of viral infections, monitoring, prophylaxis and treatment is aimed at reducing the number of infected patients, mitigating the cause of the disease and limiting deaths directly linked with infections in paediatric cancer patients. Viruses from the herpes group (HSV, VZV, EBV, CMV) are particularly dangerous. They can cause not only asymptomatic and local infectious but also general diseases and can reactivate, especially after BMT. Hepatoropic viruses (HBV, HCV) often lead to breaks in chemotherapy, while chronic viral hepatitis can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis and even primary hepatocellular carcinoma. CMV, RSV, adenovirus influenza and parainfluenza virus cause diffuse interstitial pneumonitis and are also associated with a high rate of mortality. In this paper, we present the most frequency viral infection in children with malignant diseases, their methods of diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:[Viral infection in children with malignant diseases]. 1457 9

Previously we reported combined chemo-immunotherapy, using interferon (IFN)-alpha and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and this regimen improved the prognosis. Recently, we experienced an HCC patient who died of severe interstitial pneumonia during the combined IFN-alpha and 5-FU therapy. This is the first report of the occurrence of interstitial pneumonia during combined IFN-alpha and 5-FU treatment. A 60-year-old-man was admitted to Osaka University Hospital to receive systemic chemo-immunotherapy for recurrent HCC. In the second week of the chemo-immunotherapy, he showed a decreased level of consciousness, and respiratory insufficiency. Emergency roentgenogram revealed diffuse infiltration in both lungs. Respiratory dysfunction due to interstitial pneumonia was suspected, and steroid pulse therapy was started. However, the patient showed respiratory failure, and he died 32 days after the start of the therapy. Autopsy findings showed atelectasis in the bilateral lungs, which showed elastic hard solidity and a dark red color; esophageal varices were also shown, and there was cirrhosis with a large tumor in the liver. Microscopically, the alveolar wall showed marked fibrous thickness and moderate inflammatory change, which is consistent with acute interstitial pneumonia, and the acute pulmonary change was suspected to have been the cause of death. The association of IFN with the development of interstitial pneumonia has been reported. However, the prognosis of IFN-induced interstitial pneumonia has mostly been favorable when the medication was discontinued. It has been postulated that interstitial pneumonia induced by the combination of IFN and 5-FU may be therapy-resistant. The combination of IFN-alpha and 5-FU is a useful therapy for patients with advanced HCC, such as that with portal vein invasion or multiple metastatic foci. Thus, interstitial pneumonia in these patients should be carefully managed.
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PMID:Interstitial pneumonia induced by combined intraarterial 5-fluorouracil and subcutaneous interferon-alpha therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. 1533 75

Human serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) antigen, a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein classified as a polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC1), is a biomarker of diseases such as interstitial pneumonia, lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, colorectal adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Anti-KL-6 monoclonal antibody (anti-KL-6 MAb) is therefore a potential diagnostic and therapeutic reagent. Although glycosylation at Thr/Ser residues of the tandem-repeating MUC1 peptides appears to determine the disease-associated antigenic structures of KL-6, an essential epitope structure recognized by anti-KL-6 MAb remains unclear. In the present study, a novel compound library of synthetic MUC1 glycopeptides allowed the first rapid and precise evaluation of the specific epitope structure of anti-KL-6 MAb by combined use of a tailored glycopeptides library and common ELISA protocol. We demonstrated that the minimal antigenic structure, an essential epitope, recognized by anti-KL-6 MAb is a heptapeptide sequence Pro-Asp-Thr-Arg-Pro-Ala-Pro (PDTRPAP), in which the Thr residue is modified by Neu5Ac alpha2,3Gal beta1,3GalNAc alpha (2,3-sialyl T antigen, core 1-type O-glycan). Anti-KL-6 MAb did not bind with other tumor-relevant antigens, such as GalNAc alpha (Tn), Neu5Ac alpha2,6GalNAc alpha (STn), and Gal beta1,3GalNAc alpha (T), except for Neu5Ac alpha2,3Gal beta1,3(Neu5Ac alpha2,6)GalNAc alpha (2,3/2,6-disialyl T). However, anti-KL-6 MAb could not differentiate the above minimal antigenic glycopeptide from some core 2-based glycopeptides involving this crucial epitope structure and showed a similar binding affinity toward these compounds, indicating that branching at the O-6 position of GalNAc residue does not influence the interaction of anti-KL-6 MAb with some MUC1 glycoproteins involving an essential epitope. Actually, anti-KL-6 MAb reacts with 2,3/2,6-disialyl T having a 2,3-sialyl T component. This is why anti-KL-6 MAb often reacts with various kinds of tumor-derived MUC1 glycoproteins as well as a clinically important MUC1 glycoprotein biomarker of interstitial pneumonia, namely KL-6, originally discovered as a circulating pulmonary adenocarcinoma-associated antigen. In other words, combined use of anti-KL-6 MAb and some probes that can differentiate the sugars substituted at the O-6 position of the GalNAc residue in MUC1 glycopeptides including the PDTRPAP sequence might be a promising diagnostic protocol for individual disease-specific biomarkers. It was also revealed that glycosylation at neighboring Thr/Ser residues outside the immunodominant PDTRPAP motif strongly influences the interaction between anti-KL-6 MAb and MUC1 glycopeptides involving the identified epitope. Our novel strategy will greatly facilitate the processes for the identification of the tumor-specific and strong epitopes of various known anti-MUC1 MAbs and allow for their practical application in the generation of improved antibody immunotherapeutics, diagnostics, and MUC1-based cancer vaccines.
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PMID:An essential epitope of anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody KL-6 revealed by focused glycopeptide library. 1989 93

Sorafenib is an oral multikinase inhibitor that has shown a survival benefit in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, and is considered to be generally safe. We treated a patient with interstitial lung disease that was associated with sorafenib therapy for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. A 74-year-old man with hepatitis-C-virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma was treated with sorafenib. After 8 days of sorafenib administration, he received radiation therapy for an intrahepatic tumor located in segment eight. On the 24th day of sorafenib treatment, the patient developed acute interstitial pneumonitis that rapidly improved after the discontinuation of sorafenib and treatment with high-dose steroids. This case alerts physicians to the possibility of sorafenib-induced interstitial lung disease.
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PMID:Sorafenib-induced interstitial pneumonitis in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report. 2125 6

The traditional Chinese herbal medicine Sho-saiko-to is a mixture of seven herbal preparations that has long been used in the treatment of chronic liver disease. Various clinical trials have shown that Sho-saiko-to protects against the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients. However, the mechanism by which Sho-saiko-to protects hepatocytes against hepatic fibrosis and carcinoma is not yet known. Basic science studies have demonstrated that Sho-saiko-to reduces hepatocyte necrosis and enhances liver function. Sho-saiko-to significantly inhibits hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting the activation of stellate cells, the major producers of collagen in the liver, as well as by inhibiting hepatic lipid peroxidation, promoting matrix degradation, and suppressing extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. Furthermore, clinical trials have shown that Sho-saiko-to lowers the rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with cirrhosis and increases the survival of patients with HCC. Unfortunately, some case reports have shown the side effects of Sho-saiko-to. Most of the side effects were interstitial pneumonia and acute respiratory failure induced by Sho-saiko-to in Japan. As a result of analyzing these case reports, the incidence and risk are increased by co-administration of interferon, duration of medication, and, high in an elderly population. This review discusses the properties of Sho-saiko-to with regards to the treatment of chronic liver diseases and suggests the side effects of Sho-saiko-to.
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PMID:Therapeutic effects of the oriental herbal medicine Sho-saiko-to on liver cirrhosis and carcinoma. 2168 29

Transarterial chemoembolization has proven benefit in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Commonly reported symptoms following chemoembolization with or without drug-eluting beads include abdominal pain, nausea, and low-grade fever, which typically limited resolve within a few days. A recent study comparing traditional chemoembolization versus chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads demonstrated similar survival between the two techniques, but improved tolerability when the drug-eluting beads were used. This case report describes a patient with unresectable HCC undergoing chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads. The postprocedure course was complicated by interstitial pneumonitis secondary to shunting of the drug-eluting beads containing doxorubicin to both lungs via tumor vasculature. This case highlights the relationship between the number and size of the tumors to be treated, arteriovenous shunting within the liver/tumors, and the size of the embolization particles.
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PMID:Chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma with drug-eluting beads complicated by interstitial pneumonitis. 2265 66


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