Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) has never been described as a risk factor for small bowel adenocarcinoma, although infection is a known risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. From May 2009 to December 2014, we implemented an institution-wide screening program for hepatitis B viral serologies prior to starting chemotherapy. Evidence of exposure [hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) positivity in the absence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity] was highest in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (21.1%), followed by small bowel cancer (12.5%). The small bowel adenocarcinoma cases with anti-HBc positivity were reviewed. Special attention was paid to known risk factors for small bowel cancers. One patient had a diagnosis of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). However, the other patients had no genetic syndromes, history of inflammatory bowel disease or other chronic inflammation to explain their risk. We postulate exposure to bile acids, tumorigenesis of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, and/or damage to the intestinal mucosa secondary to HBV exposure/infection as potential mechanisms for development of small bowel adenocarcinoma. More research is warranted to further elucidate this association.
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PMID:A potential association between exposure to hepatitis B virus and small bowel adenocarcinoma. 2728 84

Aristolochic acid (AA) is a bioactive component of Chinese herbs, dietary supplements, slimming pills and contaminated flour, which is known to induce chronic tubulointerstitial disease. AA is also shown to be involved in the genesis of the upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and some other cancers, but its tumorigenic role is far to be understood. We performed a systematic literature review regarding the involvement of AA in malignant processes and molecular pathways of carcinogenesis. Twenty representative papers were selected for this review. These papers reveal that AA exposure increases the risk for UTUC, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric and small intestine cancer. The role of AA in lymphomagenesis is also proposed. The A:T to T:A transversions occurring in the 5'-CpApG-3' trinucleotide context of the TP53 gene is considered to be the signature mutation of AA. Genes including H-ras, FGFR3, N-ras and BRCA2 are also involved. For further understanding of AA's role in tumorigenesis, the exploration of the AA's molecular signature is necessary.
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PMID:A systematic review of the possible carcinogenic role of the aristolochic acid. 2852 96