Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two hundred twenty-five transcatheter hepatic arterial embolizations (TAEs) were performed on 137 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during a three-year period. The postembolization changes of the gallbladder were studied by regular follow-up with ultrasonography. Twenty-four patients (10.7%) were found to have an acute infarction of the gallbladder within two weeks immediately following chemoembolization. Gallbladder infarction was related to inadequate superselectivity, regurgitation of chemoembolus, or unavoidable anatomic limitations. Four of the 24 patients were found to have delayed formation of gallstones, with the time lapses after TAEs being 2, 2, 3, and 5 months, respectively. One patient underwent surgical reexploration for cholecystectomy 14 months after resection of her HCC because of intractable symptoms and signs of chronic cholecystitis. There are four possible mechanisms of development of gallstones. Cholecystectomy should be performed during the elective hepatectomy for resectable HCC in patients who have received preoperative TAEs.
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PMID:Delayed formation of gallstone after transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. Is elective cholecystectomy advisable during hepatectomy? 255 48

The pathology of human opisthorchiasis in 22 adults (20 to 68 years) and 7 children (7 to 15 years) at autopsy is described. The changes of the liver in adults and children are similar and are summarized as follows: Enlargement of the liver was a common finding. Pericholangitis was observed in most cases. The pathology was confined to the large and medium-sized bile ducts where the flukes inhabited. The small interlobular bile ducts had minimal or unremarkable changes. Dilatation of the bile ducts with hyperplasia, desquamation and proliferation of the bile duct epithelial cells, glandular formation and fibrous connective tissue infiltration of the walls were the most common features. The pathological changes were well established within 7 to 15 years. Dilatation of the gallbladder, chronic cholecystitis and carcinoma were found only in adults. Eight of ten cases were cholangiocarcinoma and two were hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Human pathology of Opisthorchis viverrini infection: a comparison of adults and children. 277 9

A substantial number of patients referred for ultrasound examination of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas are asymptomatic but have abnormal biochemical liver test results. Retrospective evaluations were made of abdominal ultrasonographies in 286 such patients (159 men and 127 women). Normal studies were found in 104 of the men (65%) and 78 of the women (61%). Cholecystolithiasis with or without chronic cholecystitis was found in 24 of the men (15%) and 36 of the women (28%); diffuse liver parenchyma disease was found in 21 of the men (13%) and 7 of the women (6%). Other significant abnormalities were chronic pancreatitis (3), carcinoma of the gallbladder (2), liver metastasis (2), hepatocellular carcinoma (1), lymphoma (1), and ampullary carcinoma (1). Ultrasonography is a suitable technique for evaluation of asymptomatic patients with abnormal biochemical liver test results, and we have adopted it as the method of choice in this setting.
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PMID:Ultrasonography in asymptomatic patients with abnormal biochemical liver tests. 352 56

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Colonic perforation secondary to RFA of the liver is an uncommon complication that has been reported to have an incidence between 0.1% and 0.3%. Lesions adjacent (within 1 cm) to the colonic wall and those in patients with history of upper abdominal surgery or chronic cholecystitis are particularly at risk. More importantly, thermal injury leading to colonic perforation has proved to have a fatal outcome. We present a case of percutaneous RFA in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma that was abutting the colonic hepatic flexure. Colonic perforation was diagnosed on the eighth day postablation when the patient was readmitted with peritonitis.
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PMID:Delayed colonic perforation after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. 1771 65

Conventional ultrasound (US) is the first-line imaging investigation for biliary diseases. However, it is lack of the ability to depict the microcirculation of some lesions which may lead to failure in diagnosis for some biliary diseases. The use of contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) has reached the field of bile duct disease in recent years and promising results have been achieved. In this review, the methodology, image interpretation, enhancement pattern, clinical usefulness, and indications for CEUS in the biliary system are summarized. CEUS may be indicated in the biliary system under the following circumstances: (1) Where there is a need to make a characterization of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC); (2) For differentiation diagnosis between ICC and other tumors (i.e. hepatocellular carcinoma or liver metastasis) or infectious diseases; (3) For differentiation diagnosis between biliary cystadenoma and biliary cystadenocarcinoma; (4) To detect malignant change in Caroli's disease; (5) To depict the extent of Klatskin's tumor with greater clarity; (6) To make a distinction between gallbladder cholesterol polyp, adenoma and polypoid cancer; (7) To make a distinction between chronic cholecystitis with thickened wall and gallbladder cancer; (8) For differentiation diagnosis between motionless sludge and gallbladder cancer; (9) For differentiation diagnosis between common bile duct cancer and sludge or stone without acoustic shadowing; and (10) In patients who are suspected of having a drop of their percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage tube, US contrast agent can be administered to through the tube detect the site of the tube.
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PMID:Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the biliary system: Potential uses and indications. 2116 Jul 19

Ectopic liver tissue (ELT) is a rare condition, which is usually not diagnosed preoperatively, but coincidentally during abdominal surgery. While the location of ELT can vary, it is usually localized on the gallbladder wall or in close proximity. ELT is associated with various complications, a major complication being extrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma. A 59-year-old female underwent elective surgery for chronic cholecystitis with stones. During laparoscopic exploration, a 2-cm-diameter ELT was detected in the anterior gallbladder wall and a laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed. The case is presented due to the rare nature of ELT and as a reminder of ELT-related complications.
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PMID:Rare entity: Ectopic liver tissue in the wall of the gallbladder - A case report. 2551 72