Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myeloblastosis-associated virus (MAV)-2(0), a virus which was derived from avian myeloblastosis virus and induced a high incidence of osteopetrosis, was compared with avian lymphomatosis virus 5938, a recent field isolate which induced a high incidence of lymphomatosis. The following information was obtained. (i) MAV-2(0) induced osteopetrosis, nephroblastoma, and a very low incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. No difference was seen in the oncogenic spectrum of end point and plaque-purified MAV-2(0). (ii) 125I-labeled RNA sequences from MAV-2(0) formed hybrids with DNA extracted from osteopetrotic bone at a rate suggesting five proviral copies per haploid cell genome. The extent of hybridization of MAV-2(0) RNA with DNA from osteopetrotic tissue was more extensive (87%) than was observed in reactions with DNA from uninfected chicken embryos (52%). (iii) Competition of unlabeled viral RNA in hybridization reactions between the radioactive RNA from the two viruses and their respective proviral sequences present in tumor tissues showed that 15 to 20% of the viral sequences detected in these reactions were unshared. In contrast, no differences were detected in competition analyses of RNA sequences from the two viruses detected in DNA of normal chicken cells. (iv) MAV-2(0) 35S RNA was indistinguishable in size from avian lymphomatosis virus 5938 35S RNA by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
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PMID:Comparison of an avian osteopetrosis virus with an avian lymphomatosis virus by RNA-DNA hybridization. 17 80

Sequential angiographic studies were done in six children to stage and assess the results of radiation and/or chemotherapy of solid abdominal malignancies: one bilateral Wilms' tumor, two neuroblastomas, two hepatoblastomas and one hepatocarcinoma. Angiography was of value in demonstrating the tumor, its location, extent and vascular characteristics, as well as its regression and recurrence. Wilms' tumor and neuroblastoma responded and well to radiation and chemotherapy with substantial decrease in tumor size and regression or disappearance of tumor neovasculature. Resceted tumors revealed this to be due to tumor necrosis, hemorrhage and/or cystic degeneration. Hepatoblastoma and hepatocarcinoma did not respond as well to chemotherapy, with only mild decrease in size and neovasculature of the tumor.
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PMID:Contribution of angiography to the diagnosis, staging and assessment of radiation and chemotherapy of solid abdominal malignancies in children. 20 6

A 6-year-old girl had neurofibromatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma). Although neurofibromatosis is a common disorder, hepatic cancers are rare in childhood. Hepatic cancer, Wilms' tumor, and adrenocortical neoplasia are all seen with increased frequency in association with certain congenital anomalies, particularly with hemihypertrophy and various hamartomas. Neurofibromatosis, a hamartomatous disorder, is also seen with these congenital anomalies and it is reported with an unusually high incidence in patients with Wilms' tumor. We therefore suggest that these disorders may be related.
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PMID:Hepatoma in a child with neurofibromatosis. 21 87

Administration of a diet containing 0.2% N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine (EHEN) for 2 weeks induced hepatocellular carcinoma in 3 and renal tubular cell tumors in 7 of 9 Wistar rats. Diet containing 0.1% EHEN induced renal tubular cell tumors in 6 of 10 rats, but no hepatocellular carcinomas. Both diets induced atypical cell population of tubules in the kidney, but no nephroblastoma.
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PMID:Histopathological studies on renal tubular cell tumors in rats treated with N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine. 23 37

3'-Phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulphate: galactosylceramide sulfotransferase which catalyzes the sulfation of galactosylceramide (GalCer) was partially purified from a rat kidney light membrane fraction, and the properties were studied with special reference to substrate specificity. In order to study minimum molecular requirement of the acceptor substrate for the sulfotransferase, analogues of galactosylceramide where omega-amiocaproic or omega-aminododecanoic acid is substituted for the acyl moiety of the native glycolipid were chemically synthesized by improved procedures. The artificial glycolipids were sulfated effectively by the kidney enzyme, suggesting that the synthetic compounds will serve for affinity ligands for the purification of the enzyme. The extent of sulfation in the synthetic compounds was comparable with that of galactosylceramide containing normal acids and higher than that of galactosylsphingonine in which one of hydrocarbon chains is deleted from the native glycolipid. Through substrate specificity experiments, the sulfotransferase has relatively broad specificity acting on beta-linked galactosides at nonreducing ends of mono- and disaccharides which bind, at least, one hydrocarbon chain. Enzyme kinetic analysis by competition assay using mixed acceptors demonstrated that the same, single sulfotransferase catalyzes sulfation of galactosylceramide, lactosylceramide and galactosylsphingosine. As to human cancer, the sulfotransferase activity was hardly detectable in Wilms' tumor tissues that contrasts with renal cell carcinoma tissues where the markedly elevated level was previously demonstrated. When sera from patients with various cancers were examined for the enzyme level, many cases of hepatocellular carcinoma showed significantly increased activity, whereas the hepatoma tissues had hardly detectable level of the enzyme. These observations suggest that a humoral factor derived from the hepatoma induces the sulfotransferase.
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PMID:[Characterization of glycolipid sulfotransferase fractionated from rat kidney and involvement of the enzyme in human cancer]. 133 Aug 60

A total of 2259 children with solid malignant tumors were treated at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital between the years 1962 and 1987. Of these, 112 (5%) developed spinal epidural metastasis with spinal cord compression during the course of their disease process. Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression was caused most commonly by Ewing's sarcoma and neuroblastoma, followed by osteogenic sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease, soft-tissue sarcoma, germ-cell tumor, Wilm's tumor, and (rarely) hepatoma. There was no significant difference in outcome between patients with small-cell tumors (neuroblastoma, Hodgkin's disease, and germ-cell tumors) who received only chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy and the patients with similar lesions who received a decompressive laminectomy alone or prior to chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Patients with spinal cord compression from metastatic sarcoma (Ewing's sarcoma, soft-tissue sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma) showed a significant improvement with decompressive laminectomy alone or before medical therapy, compared to those who received radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy without posterior decompression. Pediatric tumors invade the spinal canal via the neural foramen, compressing the spinal cord in a circumferential manner, allowing decompressive laminectomy (posterior approach) to be an effective surgical approach. Sixty-six percent of children who had no evidence of motor or sensory function below the level of the compression became ambulatory after surgical decompression and medical treatment, regardless of tumor type.
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PMID:Pediatric spinal epidural metastases. 184 14

Although rare, second malignant neoplasms (SMN) after treatment for Wilms' tumor are deadly. A recent National Wilms' Tumor Study (NWTS) report identified 15 patients with second malignancies discovered over 14,381 person-years of observation. This report described four patients with secondary hepatocellular carcinoma in greater detail. These patients were strikingly similar in that all had right-sided tumors and each one had received right upper-quadrant irradiation. All patients died shortly after diagnosis of the SMN.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma as second malignant neoplasms in successfully treated Wilms' tumor patients. A National Wilms' Tumor Study report. 184 42

Anabolic-androgenic steroids are used in the treatment of numerous medical conditions, including Fanconi's anemia, hypogonadism, hereditary angioedema, hypopituitarism and impotence. However, because of their potent anabolic properties, athletes began to use them to enhance body strength, size and endurance. Despite warnings from the medical and scientific communities of dangerous side effects such as Wilm's tumor, hepatocellular carcinoma, stroke and myocardial infarction, some athletes continue to use anabolic steroids. Among the numerous research publications, only one case report was found which related difficulties in anesthesia administration. This paper presents the physiologic changes associated with anabolic steroid ingestion and applies these changes to the administration of anesthesia.
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PMID:Anesthesia for athletes using performance-enhancing drugs. 203 96

Glycosaminoglycans were investigated in surgically removed human liver and kidney tumours by applying biochemical methods. Four liver adenoma, 6 focal nodular hyperplasia and 9 primary hepatocellular carcinoma samples were compared with normal liver from autopsy cases and also with liver tissue adjacent to PHC. The studies on kidney included 14 renal cell carcinoma and 4 wilms' tumour samples. Three findings emerged from the quantitative and qualitative characterization of the tumours with epithelial origin. 1) The rise in the amount of total GAG was not limited to the malignant lesion. Similar increase was observed in benign liver tumours and also in the tissue adjacent to liver or kidney malignant tumours. 2) The dominant type of the GAG subclasses varies with the histology of the tumours. In benign liver tumours dermatan sulfate, in PHC and renal cell carcinoma chondroitin sulfate, but in Wilms' tumour hyaluronate was the prominent GAG subclass. 3) In all tumour-affected tissues dermatan and chondroitin sulfates had lower degree of sulfation. However, in the histologically different tumours various disaccharides showed reduced level of sulfation. The GAG alteration in renal cell carcinoma was compared with the prognostic factors of each individual case. This analysis showed a good correlation between HS/CS ratio and the prognostic factors of the kidney tumour cases.
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PMID:Alterations of glycosaminoglycans in human liver and kidney tumors. 213 May 24

Myelomonocytic leukemia (My) mesoblastic nephroma (Ne) and hepatocellular carcinoma (He) cells were implanted under the renal capsule of F344, Long-Evans (LE) and BDIX rats. Gelaspon sponge discs were used in the implantation procedure, which were resorbed within a few days. The tumor cells, which were located on the surface of these discs could then attach themselves to the renal capsule and thus grow. There was a correlation between the number of tumor cells and the difference between the two kidney masses. The correlation was linear between 10(4) and 10(6) cells, thus the method proved to be a simple, fast and quantitative model in experimental cancer prevention and therapy.
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PMID:Tumor cell implantation with the use of Gelaspon gelatin sponge disc. 215 46


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