Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In vitro chemosensitivity was evaluated by SDI test in various human tumors including 1 lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer, 10 gastric cancers, 4 colo-rectal cancers, 1 hepatoma, 2 lung cancers, 2 breast cancers and 1 gallbladder cancer. Tumor fragments cut with scissors were exposed to twelve kinds of antitumor drugs at five to ten times peak plasma concentration. After 3 days at 37 degrees C, each tumor fragment suspension was washed with phosphate-buffered saline and assayed for succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity using 3-(4,5- dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide (MTT) as a hydrogen acceptor. When the SD activity of the drug-treated cells was reduced to below 50% that of control cells, the chemosensitivity to the antitumor drug was considered positive. The chemosensitivity of each tumor varied individually. Mitomycin C or 5-fluorouracil are regularly used to treat gastric cancer patients, but, some specimens of gastric cancer in this study showed a resistance to these drugs and an unexpected sensitivity to other drugs. Our results show that the SDI test is a convenient method for clinical use and gives significant information about drug sensitivity.
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PMID:[In vitro chemosensitivity of various human tumors evaluated by the SDI (succinate dehydrogenase inhibition) test]. 405 18

Ceftizoxime (CZX), a parenteral cephalosporin derivative belonging to the so-called third generation cephalosporin is reported to have a broad antibacterial activity, particularly against Gram-negative aerobic bacilli and some anaerobes, such as Bacteroides fragilis and a good stability to beta-lactamases. Clinical study was performed on a total of 20 cases, 9 females (1 case had urinary tract infection 3 times) and 11 males, aged from 27 to 82 years. All patients had the underlying diseases. They were bronchial asthma in 3 cases, influenza in 1, chronic pulmonary emphysema in 1, pulmonary fibrosis in 1, chronic bronchitis with strongyloidiasis in 1, lung cancer in 3, esophagus cancer in 2, stomach cancer in 1, hepatoma with urolithiasis in 1, liver cirrhosis with diabetes mellitus in 1, alcoholism with strongyloidiasis in 1, cholelithiasis in 1 and congestive heart failure in 1, respectively. Clinical diagnoses for infections were 2-acute bronchitis, 2-exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, 2-broncho-pneumonia, 2-pneumonia including one suspected case, 1-obstructive pneumonia, 2-secondary pulmonary infection, 1-pulmonary infection, 3-urinary tract infection (UTI), 1-UTI with sepsis, 1-sepsis, 1-sepsis with purulent meningitis, 1-biliary tract infection and 1-infected bronchoesophageal fistula. CZX was given by intravenous drip infusion, at a dose of 1 to 2 g, twice daily for 3 to 15 days. Because of severity in infections and underlying diseases, some cases were treated either steroid, gamma-globulin preparations or other antibiotics in combination with CZX. Twelve out of 15 cases assessed clinically responded satisfactorily to the treatment and efficacy rate was 80.0%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effectiveness of ceftizoxime on various infections in patients with underlying diseases]. 609 Jul 23

Six patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 9 patients with metastatic liver carcinoma (MLC) (4 with stomach cancer, 4 with pancreas cancer and 1 with colon cancer) were treated with rapid hepatic artery infusion of adriamycin. Partial response was obtained in 3 patients (44%) with HCC and 2 patients (22%) with MLC. The median survival time was 6 months in HCC patients and 8 months in MLC patients. Patients with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase or those with ascites were poorly prognostic. Myelosuppressive toxicity was seen frequently, but, no life-threatening complications occurred. Other toxicities were generally mild and well tolerated. These results indicated that hepatic artery infusion of adriamycin is a useful treatment modality in the management of both HCC and MLC.
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PMID:[Intraarterial Adriamycin for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver carcinoma]. 609 63

By immunoperoxidase histochemical staining of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections, the production of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), albumin(ALB), transferrin(TF), alpha-1-antitrypsin(AAT), and human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG) was examined in 35 operatively resected stomach cancers with elevated serum AFP levels (higher than 20 ng/ml as determined by radioimmunoassay). Cells positive for AFP were found in 19 cases (54%). In 29 cases (83%), some tumor cells contained normal serum proteins (ALB, TF, or AAT). All 19 tumors with AFP-positive cells also stained positively for two or three kinds of normal serum proteins. In some cases, AFP and normal serum proteins were localized in the same cells. There were two cases in which metastatic tumors produced AFP, whereas the primary sites did not. In nine cases (26%), HCG was present in tumor cells and HCG- and AFP-positive cells were coexistent in six tumors. Histologic examination of AFP-producing stomach tumors revealed medullary or papillotubular arrangements with marked nuclear atypia and eosinophilic granular or clear cytoplasms containing no glycogen or mucin. Some tumors with medullary patterns resembled liver cell carcinomas. Concordant phenotypic expression of AFP and normal serum protein production appears to be a general feature of AFP-producing tumors such as liver cell carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, and stomach cancer.
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PMID:Production of alpha-fetoprotein, normal serum proteins, and human chorionic gonadotropin in stomach cancer: histologic and immunohistochemical analyses of 35 cases. 616 23

We evaluated whether assay of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in sera is valuable for the determination of cancer stages compared to other tumor markers such as CEA, AFP, beta2-microglobulin, ferritin, and elastase-1. The study population consisted of cancer patients (33 gastric cancers, 7 colo-rectal cancers and 15 hepatomas), 169 patients with benign gastro-enteric diseases and 72 healthy volunteers. The percentage of positive cases for TPA (higher than 200 u/l) was 61% in gastric cancer, 71% in colo-rectal cancer and 87% in hepatoma. In certain non-cancerous conditions, such as gastric ulcer (active stage), acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis, the TPA levels were increased over the level of healthy volunteers. There was no significant correlation between TPA and the other tumor markers. Our study suggests that TPA may be useful in the identification and evaluation of cancer patients.
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PMID:[Clinical study on tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) as a tumor marker]. 620 29

A rapid method for determining urinary indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is introduced as the tumor-marker for the screening and diagnostic purpose of cancer patients by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Its clinical significance is discussed along with a review of literatures. The IAA concentration and creatinine level of optionally collected urine samples were measured and used for the calculation of IAA amount per unit creatinine (microgram IAA/mg creatinine) in urine. Thus, an amount of 24-hours urinary IAA could be calculated without collecting a whole day's urine supply. Analysis of urinary IAA was performed within 10 minutes by HPLC. Urinary IAA level is usually high in the patients with the upper G-I tract cancers such as gastric cancer, esophageal cancer and hepato-biliary tract cancer, and also malignant hematopoietic disorders. But it is also high in non-cancer patients such as liver cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus and cholelithiasis occasionally. The patients with high urinary IAA level also showed high urinary levels of 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and monoamine oxidase activity (MAO). It was characteristic that hepatocellular carcinoma showed slight elevation of urinary IAA with normal levels of 5-HIAA and MAO. It is conclusive that the positive rate of elevated urinary IAA level was high in the patients with gastric cancer with ulcer-forming type in its morphological classification, and its level tends to elevate as the disease progresses. Therefore, the measurement of urinary IAA level in an optionally collected urine sample, as the tumor-marker, can be useful to check the progression and regression of gastric cancer.
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PMID:[A rapid method for determining urinary indoleacetic acid concentration and its clinical significance as the tumor-marker in the diagnosis of malignant diseases]. 620 79

Activities of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase in brain tumors were measured and their relationship to a clinical course of the patients was investigated. Pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase is said to exist more quantitatively in malignant tumors such as Sarcoma 180, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, Walker 256, and hepatoma, and very little in normal tissues. In brain tumors the activities were measured by bioassay and compared to that of Sarcoma 180. When the activity of Sarcoma 180 was expressed to be 100%, those of brain tumors were as follows: ten cases of normal brain less than 8.5; six cases of glioblastoma 39.3 +/- 30.7; five cases of astrocytoma 22.0 +/- 13.8; five cases of meningioma 22.4 +/- 13.7; two cases of oligodendroglioma 8.1 and 11.3; two cases of sarcoma 94.3 and 145.4; chordoma 48.0; ependymoblastoma 3.7; plexus papilloma 22.5; parotid cancer 43.4; ten cases of metastatic brain tumors from lung cancer 61.5 +/- 41.6; two cases from breast cancer 28.0 and 68.8; that from thyroid cancer 10.0; that from gastric cancer 13.5; malignant melanoma 77.2. In 12 cases of gliomas (glioblastoma, astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma) the mean activity was highest in glioblastoma (39.3), followed by astrocytoma (22.0) and oligodendroglioma (9.7). The postoperative survival time became shorter in gliomas with the higher activities. In metastatic brain tumors from lung, breast, and gastric cancer, the average time from the diagnosis of primary cancer to brain metastasis was shorter in cases with high activities and longer in cases with low activities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Activities of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase in brain tumors and antitumor effect of 5'-DFUR]. 622 41

VP-16-213 (etoposide) is an orally and parenterally active antineoplastic agent synthesized from podophyllum extracts of a common North American plant, the May apple or mandrake. The drug delays and kills cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and is active in a variety of animal tumors and leukemias. Major therapeutic activity for the drug has been found in small cell bronchogenic carcinoma, germ cell malignancies, acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease and non-HOdgkin's lymphoma. Minor therapeutic activity of the drug occurs in non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma, pediatric neoplasms, hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric cancer. Toxicity is primarily hematologic, with alopecia, nausea and vomiting occurring less frequently.
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PMID:VP-16-213 (etoposide): the mandrake root from Issyk-Kul. 627 88

Continuous hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAI) and chemoembolization by microcapsulated Mitomycin C (MMC-m. c) were performed in patients with unresectable hepatoma or metastatic tumors of the liver. MMC-m. c showed significant antitumor effect and improvement of survival rate in unresectable hepatoma and liver metastasis of the breast cancer. Especially in liver metastasis of the breast cancer, MMC-m. c gained 80% of partial response rate and 11 months in 50% survival time. HAI was effective in multiple liver metastasis of colon and stomach cancer, showing 40% of one-year survival rate. A combination chemotherapy of HAI and MMC-m. c was performed in two cases of liver metastasis of the colon cancer. Tumor response was 100% in partial response rate. One of them died at 8 months and the other is alive at 8 months now.
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PMID:[Comparison between continuous arterial infusion chemotherapy and mitomycin C microcapsule administration in primary and metastatic liver cancer]. 630 62

Forty patients with hepatoma and metastatic tumors of liver were treated with rapid arterial infusion administered simultaneously using 30-40 mg of adriamycin and 10-20 mg of mitomycin C into the hepatic artery by Seldinger catheter. They were 16 patients with breast cancer, 21 with gastrointestinal tumors including hepatoma; 6, gastric cancer; 5, colon cancer; 7, gallbladder cancer; 2, pancreas cancer; 1, and three with other malignancies, respectively. Partial responses were obtained in 14 of 40 patients (35%). The response rate in patients with breast cancer was 44% (7/16), while it was 29% (6/21) with gastrointestinal tumors. The median duration of response was relatively short, being 3.5 months in the former patients and 2.3 months in the latter patients. The median duration of survival was 4.0+ months. The results indicate that this arterial infusion therapy is one of the useful treatments in the management of malignant tumors of the liver. Leukopenia less than 4 x 10(3)/cmm was seen in 63%, while thrombocytopenia less than 100 x 10(3)/cmm in 38%, and decreased hemoglobin value of more than 2 g/dl in 13%, which were quite tolerable. Gastrointestinal symptoms and hair loss were milder than those from systemic chemotherapy. Renal toxicity was seen in three patients, and two patients died of renal failure, thus the renal toxicity, which may be related to contrast media as well as anticancer agents, should be carefully prevented by proper hydration.
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PMID:[Arterial infusion of combination chemotherapy using adriamycin and mitomycin C for hepatoma and metastatic tumors of the liver]. 630 77


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