Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Repeated hepatic dearterialization combined with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy was performed in 29 patients with unresectable primary or secondary cancer of the liver. Partial Response (PR) was obtained in 4 cases (1 hepatocellular carcinoma and 3 gastric secondaries), when evaluated by measuring the regression rate radiologically. The most remarkable effect was found in those with metastases from gastric cancer. A satisfactory result was not obtained for hepatocellular carcinoma with liver cirrhosis because of frequent associated complications. A strategy to modulate the resistance of tumors to ischemia and anticancer drugs should be considered in order to obtain a better clinical result by this method.
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PMID:[Evaluation of repeated hepatic dearterialization combined with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy of unresectable primary or secondary cancer of the liver]. 153 Mar 50

Reviewing the treatment perspectives with chemo- and immunotherapy in carcinomas and sarcomas to be treated by general or orthopedic surgeons, the following indications are regarded as recommendable: Adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy with radiation in anal carcinoma and neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy of high-grade malignant osteosarcoma. Isolation perfusion currently is the treatment of choice in melanoma metastasis limited to an extremity. With several indications, recent developments have produced promising results that should be urgently confirmed in appropriate studies. Therefore the following studies have a high priority: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in esophageal carcinoma and in locally advanced breast and stomach cancer, adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in colon carcinoma UICC III and chemoradiation in rectal carcinoma UICC II and III, systemic chemotherapy of metastasized stomach-, colorectal-, breast cancer and sarcomas. Isolated non-resectable liver metastases of colorectal origin and hepatocellular carcinoma should be included in studies evaluating the treatment advantage of regional chemotherapy. Those malignant "surgical" tumors not listed above should receive chemotherapy within experimental studies, after consideration of individual risk factors, or no chemotherapy. Immunotherapy with its various modalities is still in the experimental stage.
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PMID:[What is confirmed in chemo- and immunotherapy of solid tumors. Standard protocols, studies and new developments]. 160 55

A 27-yr-old man presented with neurological symptoms and subsequent painful liver enlargement. Cranial computerized tomographic scans and gastroscopy were negative. Ultrasound examination revealed nonhomogeneous echo pattern of the enlarged liver; a guided biopsy specimen suggested hepatoma. The patient died of hemorrhagic shock 5 days after liver biopsy and 4 wk after the initial presentation. Autopsy revealed diffuse-type gastric carcinoma as the primary lesion, liver ruptures at sites distant from the biopsy, thrombosis of the sagittal sinus, and widespread permeation of blood and lymphatic vessels with anaplastic carcinoma cells. The incidence of gastric cancer in young adults from the Cancer Registry of Slovenia is presented for the period from 1979 to 1987. Our case corroborates the importance of considering this malignancy early in the evaluation of young symptomatic patients.
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PMID:Diffuse-type gastric cancer in a young adult presenting with neurological symptoms and liver rupture. 164 8

CT and US findings of 7 cases of splenic metastases are described and the prevalence of splenic metastases at autopsy in 641 cases with malignant tumors were evaluated. Metastatic foci in spleen appeared mostly as poorly-defined low density masses on CT. Iodinated contrast material was administered in 2 cases, but no contrast enhancement was observed. US showed both hypoechoic and hyperechoic patterns. These appearances were nonspecific, but were similar to those of metastatic lesions in the liver which were often visible on CT associated with splenic metastases. At autopsy splenic metastases were found in 34 of 641 cases (5.3%). Gastric, colon, lung and ovarian cancers were most common primary tumors. However, the rate of splenic metastasis per tumor was highest in ovarian cancer (50.0%), followed by malignant melanoma (33.3%), colon cancer (16.2%) and gastric cancer (8.2%). Hepatoma which had the biggest number of autopsy cases in this series showed the lowest rate of splenic metastasis (0.8%).
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PMID:[Radiological diagnosis of splenic metastasis and its prevalence at autopsy]. 165 70

Restriction-fragment-length polymorphism analysis was performed on several different types of human cancers, including carcinoma of the uterine cervix, neuroblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, stomach cancer, and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), to determine the chromosomal loci of putative tumor-suppressor genes in each type of tumor because less of heterozygosity (LOH) is supposed to unmask the recessive mutation of tumor-suppressor gene in the remaining allele. Chromosomal loci showing frequent LOH differed among these tumors, suggesting that there are several tumor-suppressor genes in the human genome and that critical genes for the development of each type of tumor are different. In some cases LOH was observed in the early stage of tumor such as chromosome 3p loss in carcinoma of the uterine cervix, and in other cases it was observed only in the advanced stage of tumor such as chromosomes 4 and 16q loss in hepatocellular carcinoma. These results suggest that there are two different types of tumor-suppressor genes: one is the gene whose inactivation is responsible for malignant transformation of a normal cell and the other is the gene whose inactivation is responsible for the progression of a tumor cell. In SCLC, LOH at three different chromosomal loci, 3p, 13q, and 17p, was simultaneously observed in nearly 100% of tumors. It was observed even in stage I tumors and an untreated tumor, and it occurred prior to N-myc amplification. These results may imply that at least six genetic alterations are necessary to convert a normal cell into a fully malignant cancer cell in SCLC.
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PMID:Chromosomal localization of putative tumor-suppressor genes in several human cancers. 168 40

Phosphotyrosine-containing proteins in various human cancer cell lines were studied by immunoblotting with anti-phosphotyrosine antibody. Of 29 cell lines derived from oral epidermoid cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and malignant melanoma, 3 of the 6 gastric cancer cells showed aberrant elevation of tyrosine-specific phosphorylation. On the other hand, both esophageal cancer cells and colon cancer cells, which were reported to have amplified epidermal growth factor receptor and activated p60v-src kinase, respectively, showed no apparent elevation of tyrosine-specific phosphorylation, and their profiles of phosphorylation were similar to that of normal human fibroblasts. Two gastric cancer cells, NUGC-4 and MKN-45, showed similar profiles of phosphorylation but their responses to growth factors differed from each other. Tyrosine phosphorylation in NUGC-4 was strongly activated by treatment with epidermal growth factor and quickly reduced by the acid treatment which is effective in removing growth factors from cellular surface receptors. On the contrary, phosphorylation in MKN-45 did not respond to either growth factor or acid treatment. These results suggest that NUGC-4 and MKN-45 have tyrosine kinases which are activated by different mechanisms but share similar substrates.
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PMID:Aberrant elevation of tyrosine-specific phosphorylation in human gastric cancer cells. 177 66

The present paper analysed people in eleven cities making up one sixth of Jiangsu population. In 1984-1986 the mortality of malignant neoplasm was 163.28/10(5), (Chinese standard mortality were 116.57/10(5), the world standard mortality were 177.75/10(5)) which accounts for 25.04% of the total mortality during the same time. The trends of deaths from neoplasms show that oesophageal cancer in both sexes and leukemia in male are gradually decreasing, lung cancer in male and hepatoma in female are gradually increasing. The rank correlation analysis between chinese standard mortalities of some major malignant neoplasms indicates that the stomach cancer was positive correlated with oesophageal cancer in both sexes, the oesophageal cancer in male and the stomach cancer in female were negative correlated with lung cancer, and the breast cancer was negative correlated with oesophageal cancer in female. All this suggests that there may be likely etiologic association between these malignant neoplasms.
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PMID:[The mortality of patients with malignant tumors in eleven cities of Jiangsu Province, 1984-1986]. 186 49

Two-dimensional echocardiography was used to study malignant metastatic neoplasms of the heart and great vessels in 20 patients, 13 males and seven females, whose ages ranged from 15 to 72 years. Five patients had lung cancer; two each had breast cancer, malignant melanoma, hepatoma and one each had gastric cancer, urinary bladder cancer, adrenocortical carcinoma, malignant lymphoma, angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma; and two had cancers with unknown primaries. Tumor invasion was demonstrated echocardiographically in the left atrium in one each with breast cancer, fibrosarcoma and gastric cancer; in the right atrium in two with hepatomas; in the right atrium and right ventricle in one patient with adrenocortical carcinoma; in the left ventricle in one with lung cancer; and in the pulmonary artery in one with malignant melanoma. Massive pericardial effusion was observed in 11 of 20 patients; two with pericardial tumors including malignant lymphoma and lung cancer. We conjectured that metastatic tumors in the right cardiac cavities came through the inferior vena cava, and other tumors in the left atrium, left ventricle and pericardium developed from direct extension of the primary lesions. There was an 80% mortality of the patients during the observation period, and the average survival period after the diagnosis of cardiac metastases was 5.5 months. However, one patient was still living after two years of radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Echocardiography proved a useful, non-invasive means for the detection and follow-up observation of metastatic cardiac tumors.
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PMID:[Echocardiography in patients with malignant metastatic neoplasms of the heart and great vessels]. 210 13

We have studied the effect of intraarteric infusion chemotherapy with missile chemotherapy, induced hypertensive chemotherapy and/or two-route infusion chemotherapy in 14 liver tumors (7 cases with liver metastasis from gastric cancer, 3 cases with liver metastasis from colonic cancer, 4 cases with hepatoma). Results indicated that PR in 6 (46.1%) out the 13 evaluated cases. The toxicity was not evident except for slight bone marrow depression with 5 cases and a low grade fever with 2 cases. These results indicate that intraarterial infusion chemotherapy with drug delivery system can be considered one of the treatment therapies available for a nonresectable tumor.
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PMID:[Study of intraarteric infusion chemotherapy with drug delivery system]. 211 2

By pre-stimulating the lymphocytes of cancer patients with BCGF plus anti-mu chain specific antibody, we have generated human X human hybridomas. The resulting hybridomas preferentially produced IgG class antibody compared with those obtained from non-stimulated lymphocytes. With non-stimulated lymph-node lymphocytes, from stomach cancer patients we selected a hybrid (TOS/H8) producing IgM with broad reactivity against human tumor cells. In contrast, with pre-stimulated lymph-node lymphocytes from hepatoma patients we selected a hybrid (TOH/D5) producing IgG having a specific reactivity with HuTu80 (duodenum carcinoma).
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PMID:Preferential generation of IgG-producing human hybridomas against human tumor cells. 212 20


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