Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A report is presented on patients admitted to hospital with chronic hepatitis or alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver and subjected to diagnostic laboratory tests, ultrasound scans and needle biopsies both non-surgical and during laparoscopy. The laboratory findings were compared with the results of ultrasound scans and biopsies. It was concluded that the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound scans is sufficient, when backed by anamnestic clinical and laboratory data, to obviate the need for liver biopsy in cases of chronic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis. Nor is biopsy required for differential diagnosis between the two conditions but should be reserved for the setting of diagnostic uncertainty about cancer-cirrhosis, or the presence of hepatoma, liver metastases, ascites or other oedematous forms. It is concluded that the undoubled diagnostic accuracy of biopsy does not compensate for the risk entailed especially for patients of this type.
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PMID:[Correlations between laboratory and ultrasonic diagnosis and needle biopsy in chronic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis]. 217 68

Between 4/1986 to 1/1989, 74 orthotopic liver transplantation were performed in 62 patients (62 first liver transplants, 10 as second graft and two as a third graft); 57 in adults and 17 in children. The main indication for the operation was liver cirrhosis (61.4%) (the most frequent etiology was alcoholic cirrhosis, 28.5%). Six cirrhotic patients had a hepatocarcinoma (9.6%). Two received a liver and kidney transplant due to terminal renal insufficiency and hemodialysis. The most frequent indication in children was biliary atresia (33.3%). Six patients had a fulminal liver failure (9.6%). AB0 blood group compatibility was identical in 87.5%, compatible in six and incompatible in three patients. Total orthotopic liver transplantation was performed in 67 patients, and size-reduced liver was indicated in 7 patients. Extracorporeal veno-venous bypass was used in adults but never in children. In 93.1% of the transplants a single hepatic artery was anastomosed to the recipient and in 6.9% a double anastomosis was performed. In 62.5% of the patients a end-to-end choledocho-choledochostomy was performed and in 34.8% hepatico-jejunostomy was indicated. Three months postoperative mortality rate was 12.9%. Arterial stenosis and thrombosis were the most frequent complication.
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PMID:[Early and late results of orthotopic liver transplantation]. 227

Pi phenotype was determined in 335 patients with liver diseases and compared with the results in 2830 healthy blood donors. Eleven of 335 patients had phenotype MZ (3.3%, compared with 2.9% in healthy blood donors (NS]. None of 53 patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis had the MZ phenotype, but it was found in 2 of 18 patients (11.1%) with cryptogenic cirrhosis, 3 of 78 (3.8%) with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, 2 of 36 (5.6%) with primary sclerosing cholangitis, and 1 of 26 (3.9%) with primary biliary cirrhosis. Altogether, 3 of 335 patients were homozygous for Pi ZZ and had cirrhosis. One of them (a male) developed a hepatoma and died. We conclude that the reported association between Pi MZ phenotype and chronic non-B active hepatitis does not seem to include patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, whereas the possibility of an association between cryptogenic cirrhosis and the MZ phenotype cannot be excluded.
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PMID:Heterozygous MZ alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency in adults with chronic liver disease. 240 84

The serum apolipoprotein A (Apo A) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were evaluated in histologically verified 30 cases of alcoholic cirrhosis and 18 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The latter were also divided into subgroups depending on the presence or absence of associated cirrhosis. Serum Apo A levels were found to be significantly decreased in cirrhotics (p less than 0.001) compared to controls and non-cirrhotic HCC patients. In 22 cases of alcoholic cirrhosis (AFP less than 10 ng/ml) and 12 cases of HCC (AFP greater than 600 ng/ml), the AFP levels itself were diagnostic, but in the remaining cases, AFP levels (100-600 ng/ml) were not able to differentiate between cirrhosis and malignancy. In this later group of patients with low pathological range of AFP, serum Apo A levels found to be significantly decreased in alcoholic cirrhotic patients (p less than 0.001) compared to HCC patients. Thus, estimation of Apo A levels may be helpful to interpret the AFP values at lower pathological range due to suspected liver pathology.
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PMID:Diagnostic significance of estimation of serum apolipoprotein A along with alpha-fetoprotein in alcoholic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma patients. 245 72

In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, early diagnosis offers the only hope for resection and cure. Data from Asia, where it is closely associated with viral hepatitis, indicate that serum alpha-fetoprotein assay and abdominal ultrasonography are the most effective and feasible screening tests. These data may not be applicable in America, where most patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma have underlying alcoholic cirrhosis. Also, it is unclear whether resecting "curable" lesions prolongs survival, particularly in patients with cirrhosis. Screening trials are indicated to answer these questions. Preventing risk factors, however, especially hepatitis B viral disease, is of paramount importance throughout the world.
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PMID:Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma. Review and perspective. 247 Feb 5

Non-neoplastic morphologic changes in various types of cirrhosis were evaluated in relationship to the presence or absence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), using autopsy livers from Hokuriku (Japan) and Los Angeles (USA). Macronodular cirrhosis was closely related to HCC in B-viral cirrhosis, alcoholic cirrhosis and cirrhosis of uncertain type. Liver cell dysplasia was most frequently seen in cases with and without HCC in B-viral cirrhosis but was significantly more frequent with HCC in cases of alcoholic cirrhosis and cirrhosis of uncertain type. Nodular bulging activity within regenerative nodules was closely related to HCC in alcoholic cirrhosis. A positive relationship between HCC and Mallory bodies was found in non-alcoholic cirrhosis. These data suggest that patients with macronodular cirrhosis, liver cell dysplasia, nodular bulging activity and Mallory bodies may have an increased risk of developing, or having HCC dependent on the etiology of cirrhosis. The geography and race differences had some relationship to the incidence of HCC.
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PMID:Risk lesions in cirrhosis and development of hepatocellular carcinoma: an autopsy study. 254 32

Transferrin synthesized by a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Hep G2 (called Hep G2 transferrin) was purified from culture media by immunoaffinity chromatography on a rabbit anti-(human serotransferrin) IgG column. The eluted transferrin was then resolved into five peaks on a cation-exchange column using the fast protein liquid chromatography system. The major fraction, named Hep G2 transferrin fraction C, having a molecular mass of 82.5 kDa was found to be homogeneous in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and in concanavalin-A-affinity crossed immunoelectrophoresis. A comparative analysis of the molar carbohydrate composition of normal human serotransferrin and of Hep G2 transferrin fraction C shows an increase in the latter in the number of galactose and N-acetylglucosamine residues and in the presence of fucose, which is absent in normal transferrin. By a combination of methylation analysis and NMR spectroscopy, the primary structure of the oligosaccharide alditols released from Hep G2 transferrin fraction C by reductive alkaline cleavage has been established as triantennary, tetraantennary and pentaantennary N-acetyllactosaminic structures with fucose residues (alpha 1-3)-linked to peripheral N-acetylglucosamine residues. These results indicate that the increase in the number of antennae in transferrin glycans synthesized by the hepatocarcinoma cell line is much more pronounced than in liver diseases such as alcoholic cirrhosis and that, in addition, the malignant transformation of human liver induces the presence of fucose.
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PMID:Presence of fucosylated triantennary, tetraantennary and pentaantennary glycans in transferrin synthesized by the human hepatocarcinoma cell line Hep G2. 255 87

The prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis C virus (HCV) was investigated in 96 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 106 patients with liver cirrhosis without evidence of cancer, and 177 controls without liver disease. 75% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma had HCV antibodies (anti-HCV), a significantly higher proportion than that observed in patients with cirrhosis (55.6%), or controls (7.3%). The prevalence of anti-HCV was significantly higher in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (76%) than in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis alone (38.7%) whereas in patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis there was no significant difference between those with and without primary liver cell cancer (81.4% and 77.5%, respectively). These results indicate that HCV infection may have a role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma, even in patients with chronic liver disease apparently related to other agents such as alcohol, and that this recently identified hepatitis virus may be found in a large proportion of patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis.
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PMID:Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in Spanish patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic cirrhosis. 196 64

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of serum total bile acid (STBA) in hepatobiliary diseases. Fasting STBA was measured using the enzymatic colorimetric method in 44 normal control cases and 153 cases of hepatobiliary disease, and then abnormal rates were compared to other conventional liver function tests. These 153 cases of hepatobiliary diseases included acute viral hepatitis (10 cases), chronic persistent hepatitis (32 cases), chronic active hepatitis (16 cases), liver cirrhosis (15 cases), alcoholic hepatitis (11 cases), alcoholic fatty liver (23 cases), alcoholic cirrhosis (17 cases), chronic liver diseases with slight fatty changes (10 cases) and hepatocellular carcinoma (6 cases). Except for 8 cases of acute viral hepatitis, the above cases were verified by liver biopsy. There were also 13 cases of biliary tract diseases. Fasting STBA and other conventional liver function tests were used in the above hepatobiliary diseases during the acute, exacerbated or decompensated stage, and the stable or compensated stage, and their abnormal rates compared. The results of this study revealed that the concentration of STBA is raised in various hepatobiliary diseases, which is related to the degree of hepatic cell injury and the various stages of liver. The concentration of STBA was higher in the acute, exacerbated or decompensated stage than in the convalescent, stable or compensated stage of liver diseases. When the abnormal rates of STBA were compared to other conventional liver function tests, the abnormal rates of STBA were not inferior to r-GT, GOT and GPT, and were more accurate than the other liver function tests.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of serum total bile acid in hepatobiliary diseases]. 275 25

In view of the increasing incidence of primary hepatocellular carcinoma in western Europe and concern that this may in part be related to long-term use of drugs which cause hepatic microsomal enzyme induction, we undertook a comparison of long-term drug use in 105 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and equal numbers of age and sex-matched patients with colorectal tumours and with fractures of femur. We found no patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who were long-term anticonvulsant users and only one who used oral contraceptives. However, we observed a four-fold excess of diabetic patients among the group with hepatocellular carcinoma. This association did not appear to be due to pre-existing haemochromatosis, alcoholic cirrhosis or viral hepatitis. The association was strongest in patients receiving drug treatment for diabetes, but the data, although suggestive, were insufficient to determine whether any specific anti-diabetic agent could be responsible. Further studies are required to elucidate the nature of this unexpected association. An association of this magnitude with diabetes mellitus could account at least in part for the increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in western Europe.
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PMID:Diabetes mellitus and primary hepatocellular carcinoma. 281 32


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