Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

PSK, a protein-bound polysaccharide obtained from cultured mycelia of Coriolus versicolor in basidiomycetes, is a biological response modifier, diverse operations of which include an antitumor action. We have previously reviewed recent research which had demonstrated that in animals, PSK has a preventive effect on chemical carcinogen-induced, radiation-induced, and spontaneously developed carcinogenesis (Kobayashi et al., Cancer Epidemiol., Biomarkers & Prev., 2: 271-276, 1993). We now focus on the effects of PSK once the progression of carcinogenesis has begun, and review what is now known of the preventive action of PSK on cancer metastasis. Recent research reports that PSK suppresses pulmonary metastasis of methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas, human prostate cancer DU145M, and lymphatic metastasis of mouse leukemia P388, and that it has prolonged the survival period in spontaneous metastasis models. PSK also suppresses the metastasis of rat hepatoma AH60C, mouse colon cancer colon 26, and mouse leukemia RL male 1 in artificial metastasis models. PSK influences the steps of cancer metastasis in a number of ways: (a) by suppression of intravasation through the inhibition of tumor invasion, adhesion and production of cell matrix-degrading enzymes; (b) by suppression of tumor cell attachment to endothelial cells through the inhibition of tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation; (c) by suppression of tumor cell migration after extravasation through the inhibition of tumor cell motility; and (d) by suppression of tumor growth after extravasation through the inhibition of angiogenesis, the modulation of cytokine production, and the augmentation of effector cell functions. In addition, PSK has suppressed the malignant progression of mouse tumor cells through superoxide trapping.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Antimetastatic effects of PSK (Krestin), a protein-bound polysaccharide obtained from basidiomycetes: an overview. 760 3

Physarumin, a carbohydrate-binding protein (hemagglutinin or lectin), was isolated from the plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum. Physarumin agglutinated not only several species of erythrocytes but also tumor cells such as AH109A ascites hepatoma cells, sarcoma 180 ascites cells and mouse leukemia P388 cell lines. Physarumin had tumor cell growth-inhibitory activity, and induced the apoptosis of P388 cell lines. Physarumin-induced apoptosis required binding to a 68 kDa counter-receptor on the P388 cell surface. Since the agglutinating and antiproliferative activities of physarumin were inhibited by asialofetuin and thyroglobulin, respectively, it is suggested that physarumin reacts with the galactose moiety of carbohydrate chains of physarumin receptor.
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PMID:Apoptotic cell death induced by physarumin (hemagglutinin from myxomycete, Physarum polycephalum). 955 47