Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three women dying from hepatic carcinoma during pregnancy are presented. One of these women with a hepatocellular carcinoma and alpha fetoprotein in the serum and antibody to hepatitis B antigen. A fourth patient died 2 months post partum with a cholangiocarcinoma. A false positive pregnancy test suggested that she had metastatic choriocarcinoma in the liver, and a panhysterectomy was performed. The clinical diagnosis with the use of alpha fetoprotein and chorionic gonadotropin for detection of hepatoma and the etiopathogenesis of primary hepatic malignancy in pregnancy are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Primary hepatic malignancy in pregnant women. 4 11

A study of 221 patients revealed that detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBS Ag) was found in 16.3% of 49 patients who had hepatoma associated with cirrhosis. None of the 8 hepatoma patients without cirrhosis had detectable HBS Ag in the serum. When known causes of cirrhosis were excluded, HBS Ag was present in 18% of 22 patients. Positive alpha-1-fetoprotein (AFP) was found in 25 of 49 cases (51%) of hepatoma with cirrhosis but was found only in 1 of 8 cases (12.5%) of hepatoma without cirrhosis. Of 25 patients whose AFP was positive, HBS Ag was also present in 7. The latter was detected in only 1 of 24 patients in whom AFP was not detected. This study suggests that HBS Ag is closely associated with hepatomas in cirrhotic patients but not in noncirrhotic patients with hepatoma.
 ...
PMID:Relationship of hepatitis B antigen in cirrhosis and hepatoma in Thailand. An etiological significance. 4 28

The sera from 89 patients from the Eastern Higlands of Papua New Guinea, all with histologically diagnosed liver disease, were tested for Hepatitis B Antigen (HB Ag) and Hepatitis B antibody (HB Ab) and alpha1 fetoprotein (AFP) by a variety of techniques which included radioimmunoassay. In the three main forms of liver disease, viral hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatoma, HB Ag was found with a higher frequency than in patients with non specific liver disease. The frequency of HB Ab was decreased in cirrhosis and hepatoma. AFP was detected in all hepatoma patients by radioimmunoassay, levels being very high in most subjects. In hepatitis, cirrhosis and non specific liver disease, elevated levels of AFP were again frequently present, but at generally lower levels. It is conlcuded that HB Ag and AFP frequency and levels in liver disease are similar to those reported from other tropical countries. Further study is required to elicit the cellular immunological changes in liver disease.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis B antigen, alpha1 fetoprotein and liver disease in the eastern highlands of Papua New Guinea. 4 12

There are two well-characterized antigen-antibody systems which relate specificially to viral hepatitis B. Tests for HBsAg and anti-HBs are readily available and of great benefit to the diagnosis, prevention and understanding of hepatitis B. Tests for HBcAg and anti-HBc are still research techniques which requires further development before they can be used at the level of everyday medical practice. HBsAg in an individual indicates that he harbors the virus of hepatitis B; it may be present in the absence of liver disease or be found in association with both acute and chronic type B hepatitis. The presence of HBsAg also suggests that HBV may be causally related to some cases of periarteritis nodosa, chronic glomerulonephritis, and hepatoma. Although HBV is readily transmitted in blood, the major portion of post-transfusion hepatitis now appears to be serologically unrelated to either the hepatitis B virus ("serum") or the hepatitis A virus ("infectious"); the etiology of these cases is currently undetermined. There is increasing evidence that HBV may be transmitted by modes other than blood, but the exact mechanisms of such transmission is not established. The combined transmission of HBV by blood and other routes has resulted in a large number of persistent carriers of HBsAg in the world. There is no current method to alter this carrier state. The hepatitis risk of such persistent carriers to their personal and professional contacts is under investigation.
 ...
PMID:The clinical significance of hepatitis B virus antigens and antibodies. 4 64

The clinical and biochemical findings in 207 Black patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are presented. A bruit over the liver was heard in 25% of the patients, a previously underemphasised sign. In 28 of the 30 biopsy-proven cases alpha-fetoprotein levels were elevated. Hepatitis B antigen was found in 41% of the patients.
 ...
PMID:Clinical aspects of hepatocellular carcinoma in man. 6 8

The clinical features of 57 autopsied cases of intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma including 28 cases of the peripheral type (cholangiocarcinoma in the narrow sense) and 29 cases of the hilar type are described in comparison with those of hepatocellular carcinoma, with a review of the literature on the clinicopathological aspects of intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma. As compared with hepatocellular carcinoma, the average age of the patients was older; the male predominance was not obvious, chronic parenchymal liver disease was infrequent in the past history, association of primary cirrhosis was seldom, cholestatic features were frequently the early signs and more pronounced during the course, the liver was enlarged to a lesser extent, ascites was less common, signs of portal hypertension were absent or minimal, and extrahepatic metastases were less frequent. In many respects, the hilar type resembled extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma, and the peripheral type was somewhat between it and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although the overall survival was not much different from that for hepatocellular carcinoma, early diagnosis is emphasized; this would make surgical management possible. Differential diagnosis from hepatocellular carcinoma may be possible in the majority with direct cholangiography, liver scan, celiac angiography, determination of alpha-fetoprotein and hepatitis B antigen, and blood chemistry such as SGOT, SLDH, serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. Illustrative cases are given including one patient with a hilar carcinoma who survived for more than 2 years after transhepatic biliary drainage.
 ...
PMID:Clinical aspects of intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma including hilar carcinoma: a study of 57 autopsy-proven cases. 6 93

Hepatitis B surface antigen was determined in sera of 122 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma seen in Japan, using both the counterimmunoelectrophoresis and radioimmunoassay (RIA) techniques. It was positive in 49.2% of the patients with RIA, but the level of antigen in serum was relatively low since positivity rate by counterimmunoelectrophoresis was only 10.7%, The degree of antigenemia as assessed from the count relative to the cut-off value in RIA, was increased during the clinical course in 75% of the patients. The antigen tended to rise in concentration when the tumor grew at a rapid rate, when damage to liver parenchyma was extensive, or in patients receiving chemotherapy. There was also a tendency for less frequent positive antigen tests in patients with higher alpha-fetoprotein levels. Illustrative cases are presented with discussion on the possible explanation for the change in the degree of antigenemia.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis B surface antigenemia in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in relation to clinical course and alpha-fetoprotein. 6 61

The demonstration of hepatitis B antigen in the liver cells in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues by Shikata's orcein staining method affords an opportunity to conduct retrospective studies on necrospy materials. Such a study in Singapore showed orcein-positive liver cells in 22 out of 52 (42.3%) and 37 out of 50 (74.0%) cases of cirrhosis of the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma respectively, while only 5 out of 113 (4.4%) 'normal' livers gave positive results. There is a significant difference in the frequency of hepatocellular carcinoma in orcein-positive and orcein-negative cirrhotic livers (28 out of 50, 10 out of 40 respectively). These results suggest a possible aetiological relationship between hepatitis B antigen and hepatocellular carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis B antigen in the liver cells in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. 6 88

An association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) has been found in several studies in Africa, Asia, and elsewhere. In this paper we considered the interrelations between several events related to HBV infection, which include the presence of: 1) hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), 2) antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), 3) antibody to the surface antigen (anti-HBs), 4) chronic liver disease, 5) elevated alpha-fetoprotein, and 6) PHC. With the use of preliminary epidemiologic data, risk factors related to these events were calculated. We suggested that the interactions between these events and HBV infection in parents be used to estimate the risk of PHC for an individual in this environment.
 ...
PMID:Forecasting the development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma by the use of risk factors: studies in West Africa. 6 19

Two hundred seventy-nine patients who died of hepatocellular carcinoma were autopsied at Los Angeles County--USC Medical Center and the John Wesley--USC Liver Unit from 1949 through 1974, and tissues from 168 of these cases were available for staining for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg). Twenty-one per cent of the livers had stainable HBSAg. There were prominent increases both in total numbers of hepatic cancers and in the percentages that were HBSAg-positive beginning about 1970, but the numbers of hepatocellular carcinomas arising in noncirrhotic livers also increased. From 1969 to 1974, 73% of those who had hepatocellular carcinomas arising to nonalcoholic but cirrhotic livers were HBSAg-positive. Racial differences in the incidences of cirrhosis, the incidences of hepatocellular carcinomas associated with HBSAg were found. The incidences of cirrhosis were: Caucasian 11%; Mexican 12.2%; Negro 5.7:; Oriental 10%. Hepatocellular carcinomas arose in 3.2% of Caucasians who had cirrhosis; 3.6% of Mexicans; 8.3% of Negroes; 47% or Orientals. Ten per cent of Caucasians who had hepatocellular carcinomas in cirrhotic livers were HBSAg-positive; 25% of Negroes; 12% of Mexicans; 47% of Orientals.
 ...
PMID:The changing incidence of association of hepatitis B with hepatocellular carcinoma in California. 6 78


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>