Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The carcinogenic effect of N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (BHP) was studied in newborn Wistar rats. Tumors were induced in the lung (adenoma), pancreas (adenoma), kidney (nephroblastoma), and ovary (benign granulosa cell tumor) at 24 weeks after the treatment and in the lung (adenoma and adenocarcinoma), liver (hemangioma, hemangioendothelioma, and hepatocellular carcinoma), pancreas (adenoma), kidney (renal cell carcinoma and nephroblastoma), thyroid (adenocarcinoma) and ovary (benign and malignant granulosa cell tumors) at 52 weeks. The highest incidence of tumor was seen in the liver of rats applied BHP within 24 hours after birth. These results indicate that newborn Wistar rats are more susceptible to BHP than are adult rats.
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PMID:Carcinogenic effect of N-bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine in newborn rats. 737 4

Twelve cases of hepatic hemangioma were examined by computed tomography (CT). Dense accumulations of rapidly injected contrast material in or near the periphery of the lesions were demonstrated in early postcontrast scans. They invaded the area of low density and diminished in attenuation value with time. This marked decrease of the low density area noticed in the precontrast scan was also seen in the later postcontrast scan. These findings were recognized in all 10 cases of hemangioma examined with contrast enhancement, while no cases of hepatoma showed such a peripheral high density zone. Most hepatic hemangiomas could be correctly diagnosed by CT alone.
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PMID:Computed tomography of cavernous hemangioma of the liver. 742 36

This study was aimed at assessing the accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the characterization of focal liver masses. We prospectively examined 51 patients with focal liver masses: the morphological features were investigated with different pulse sequences and the functional characteristics were studied after the i.v. administration of Gd-DTPA (2 mmol/kg). MR findings were compared with those of gold standard methods, i.e., percutaneous biopsy, surgery or, for hemangiomas, 99mTc-labelled blood cell liver scintigraphy. All hemangiomas presented with typical features: signal intensity was very high on long TE images (> 140 msec) and a globular enhancement pattern, with centripetal progression, was observed after dynamic studies. This signal pattern on T2-weighted images is highly indicative of hemangioma. Five of 7 focal nodular hyperplasias (71%) were isointense with hepatic parenchyma on all pulse sequences; the central scar was observed in 5/7 cases on short TR/TE images and in all cases on long TR/TE images in 16/17 cases (94%). High signal intensity on T1-weighted images was statistically significant for HCC. A pseudocapsule was observed in 12 cases (70%). A mosaic pattern on T2-weighted images was observed in 3 cases. Seventy-four per cent of HCCs exhibited signal enhancement during the arterial phase of the dynamic study. Metastases presented a uniform pattern, i.e., they were hypointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on T2-weighted images in 12/13 cases (92%). A central hypointense area on T2-weighted images is indicative of coagulative necrosis. A lesion with these morphological features and hypovascular signal is suggestive of metastasis.
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PMID:[The tissue characterization of focal liver lesions with magnetic resonance imaging]. 750 30

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) shares only a small proportion of hyperechoic liver tumors detected in MHTS and mimics hemangioma on ultrasonography (US). The precise diagnosis of HCC is hence difficult in MHTS, but presence or absence of underlying chronic liver disease and serum alfa-fetoprotein (AFP) titer might provide useful informations.
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PMID:Evaluation of hyperechoic liver tumors in MHTS. 750 17

Expression of cytokeratins no. 7 and no. 19, typical of the mature biliary tract and of embryonic and fetal hepatocytes, has been evaluated in primary liver tumors from 12 children. Of 7 children with hepatoblastoma, 6 were strongly reactive for cytokeratin no. 19 and only 4 were weakly positive for cytokeratin no. 7. In contrast, the remaining tumors, including 2 hepatocarcinomas, 1 sarcoma, 1 hamartoma and 1 hemangioma were positive for cytokeratin no. 7, while cytokeratin 19 was present in 1 hepatocarcinoma and in the hamartoma. All these tumors, as well as 1 hepatoblastoma and the sarcoma, were also reactive for cytokeratin no. 8, typical of hepatic cells.
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PMID:Cytokeratins patterns in childhood primary liver tumors. 751 Jan 49

To determine if hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions from medaka showed similar immunoreactivity to intermediate filament antibodies as the tissues of origin, two week old medaka were exposed to 10 or 20 mg/L of methylazoxymethanol acetate for two hours and transferred to clean water for up to six months. Using a streptavidin peroxidase method, paraffin embedded Bouins fixed neoplasms were incubated with cytokeratin, vimentin, or neurofilament antibodies. Like their nonneoplastic cellular counterparts, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic acinar carcinoma and mesenchymal neoplasms including hemangioma and hemangiopericytoma reacted negatively to cytokeratin antibodies. Cholangiocarcinoma, mesothelioma, and proliferative lesions containing biliary epithelial cells reacted positively to cytokeratin antibodies. All neoplasms and proliferative lesions were negative with vimentin and neurofilament antibodies. These data indicate that while some epithelial neoplasms showed cytokeratin reactivity similar to the parent tissues, additional markers are needed to identify mesenchymal tissues and neoplasms.
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PMID:Intermediate filament reactivity in hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions from medaka (Oryzias latipes). 753 29

The authors give an account of indications for resection of the liver in childhood which comprise extensive injuries, cysts, vascular malformations and primary (benign and malignant) and secondary tumours. During the period between 1986 and 1993 34 major resections of the liver were performed and examined. Indications for resection were in 17 cases hepatoblastomas, 4x metastasis, 3x hepatocellular carcinoma, 2x haemangioendothelioma, adenoma, hamartoma and in one case each necrosis after injury, a cyst, cavernous haemangioma and sarcoma. The mean age of the operated children was 4 years and 5 months, the youngest patient was operated on the age of 4 days and the oldest was 17 years old. During the period between 1986 and 1989 the survival rate was 33%. During the period between 1990 and 1993 the survival rate was 86.5%. The authors emphasize the radical character of operations of malignant tumours which has a marked impact on the survival of patients with these disease.
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PMID:[Indications for liver resection in childhood]. 755 47

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of intravenously injectable sonographic contrast medium for color Doppler sonographic diagnosis of deeply located hepatocellular carcinoma. Subjects were 7 hepatocellular carcinomas, an adenomatous hyperplasia and a hemangioma located more than 7 cm below the abdominal surface. Levovist, a galactose-based sonographic contrast medium was injected through median cubital vein as a phase-two clinical study, and the pre- and post-enhanced color Doppler sonographic findings of these lesions were compared. The incidence of the positive findings for hepatocellular carcinoma increased from 29% (2/7) to 86% (6/7) of hepatocellular carcinoma after contrast enhancement. Positive findings were 0% in other cases even after enhancement. Levovist brought a certain improvement in the visualization of the tumor vessel by color Doppler sonography without any noteworthy side effects. Contrast enhancement was useful for the diagnosis of liver lesions suspected to be hepatocellular carcinoma by ordinary sonography, but could not be confirmed by color Doppler sonography.
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PMID:Effectiveness of galactose-based intravenous contrast medium on color Doppler sonography of deeply located hepatocellular carcinoma. 757 Nov 25

Thallium-201 chloride (Tl) is useful in tumor imaging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its usefulness in liver tumor imaging with Tl, 99mTc (Tc)-phytate (colloid), and three-headed SPECT. To evaluate the method, we imaged three spherical phantoms with inner/outer diameters of 8/10, 16/20, and 26/30 mm, respectively, in an aqueous solution background of 37 MBq/l Tl and 74 MBq/l Tc. All lesions in the phantoms were highlighted by the subtraction. Clinical materials consisted of 44 patients with 102 lesions: 31/73 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 8/21 with metastatic tumors (Meta), 2/2 with cholangiocarcinoma (CC), and 3/6 with hemangioma (HG). Tl accumulation in HCC was the highest, followed by Meta, CC and HG in that order. Ring type accumulation was observed in 17/21 Meta lesions. Mean tumor/non-tumor ratios were as follows: HCC (non-therapy) 1.45 +/- 0.33 (mean +/- SD), HCC (post-therapy; transcatheter arterial embolization and percutaneous ethanol injection therapy) 0.47 +/- 0.22, HCC (recurrence) 1.35 +/- 0.52, Meta 1.07 +/- 0.25, CC 0.45 +/- 0.64, HG 0.48 +/- 0.13. Tl, therefore, is useful for liver tumor imaging, and Tc-phytate is essential in discriminating Tl tumor uptake from normal liver accumulation. Image subtraction (Tl-Tc) is helpful in depicting diffuse and small HCC.
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PMID:[Liver tumor imaging by thallium-201 chloride with high resolution three-headed SPECT]. 759 69

Family history of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been identified as a risk factor of HCC. The pathogenesis is still uncertain. In order to evaluate the risk factors and to detect the small HCC. 721 asymptomatic family members (419 males and 302 females with a mean age of 40.21 years) of the index cases of HCC received a series of examinations including: serum GOT, GPT, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). HBsAg, Anti-HCV, and abdominal ultrasonography (US). Of the 18 patients with liver tumor detected by US. 6 were proved to be HCC, 8 were hemangioma, and the nature of the rest was undetermined. The US found 22 with cirrhosis, 24 with chronic liver disease, 133 with fatty liver, and 14 with a liver cyst. The incidence of HCC in our study was 0.96% in males (4 of 419 cases), and 0.66% in females (2 of 302 cases) which was much higher than that in the general population of Taiwan (0.025% in males and 0.01% in females). The positive rate of HBsAg in the participants, including all the newly detected HCC patients, was 46.5% (335 cases) which was also higher than the prevalence in Taiwan (15-20%). Male, sibling and liver cirrhosis seemed to have higher risk. These results suggest that family members of patients with HCC have a high risk of developing HCC. The hepatitis B virus may be the most important link. Early diagnosis is possible by screening the family members by means of AFP and abdominal US.
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PMID:Risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma with familial tendency. 776 61


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