Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the case of a 65-yr-old woman with hyalinized hemangioma of the liver which, on radiological examination, resembled primary or metastatic carcinoma of the liver. She had undergone a partial colectomy for a sigmoid adenocarcinoma, followed by the diagnosis of a hepatic tumor with ultrasonic echogram 5 months later. The tumor was depicted as a low-density mass on plain computed tomography (CT), and an enhancement at the peripheral portion was noted by contrast CT. Hepatic angiography disclosed a faint pooling of contrast medium in segment 8. A subsementectomy of the liver was performed under the diagnosis of metastatic adenocarcinoma or hepatocellular carcinoma. Histologically, the tumor was composed of dense collagenous tissues with marked hyalinization and scattered sclerotic vessels. Elastic fibers were distributed concentrically around the vessels. Totally hyalinized sclerosis of hemangioma is uncommon, and can be erroneously diagnosed as carcinoma by radiologic examination. This unusual hemangioma is reported, with pertinent literature.
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PMID:Hyalinized hemangioma of the liver. 137 Aug 73

The different types of primary hepatic tumors are examined, focusing on their macroscopic and histologic features. A large variety of neoplasms can be observed, derived from the different components of the liver. Benign (adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia) or malignant (hepatocellular carcinoma) epithelial tumors of hepatocellular origin are very common. Hemangioma is the most common mesenchymatous-derived tumor. However, the frequency of each type of tumor varies considerably in the different age and sex groups. Some special entities recently reported, such as epithelioid hemangioendothelioma or fibrolamellar carcinoma are detailed.
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PMID:[Different varieties and anatomopathological description of primary tumors of the liver]. 145 33

This is a case report of a 69-year-old woman with sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which was diagnosed clinically as hemangioma. She was first admitted to our university hospital, complaining of general fatigue in December, 1988, and cholelithiasis and liver cirrhosis with hepatic tumor in Segment 8 were diagnosed. The serum AFP level was within normal range, and the tumor was diagnosed as hemangioma radiologically. She underwent only cholecystectomy and was well without any therapy for the liver tumor up until March in 1991 when she was readmitted to our university hospital due to rapidly progressive liver dysfunction. The size of the liver tumor was unchanged. Despite intensive care, she died of hepatic failure due to cirrhosis in a decompensation state. At autopsy, a well defined yellowish white tumor of 3 cm in maximum diameter was seen in the cirrhotic liver. Although the largest part of the tumor revealed necrosis and hyalinization, a sarcomatoid part composed of spindle-shaped cells was noted in the peripheral portion. In addition, some necrotic ghost cells, probably hepatocellular carcinoma, were also noted. Low molecular cytokeratin, which is always found in HCCs, was seen in spindle-shaped sarcomatoid cells. The liver tumor was diagnosed as sarcomatoid HCC from these pathological findings. We report this histologically unusual HCC with an immunohistochemical study.
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PMID:[Sarcomatoid liver carcinoma diagnosed clinically as hemangioma]. 147 Jul 79

Hydrogen peroxide contrast hepatosonography (HPCH), a new technique, was developed for liver examination. On examination, 5-10 ml of 2-3% hydrogen peroxide was injected into the rectum through a dual-channel rubber tube. When hydrogen peroxide passed through the mucosa into the portal vein, the fast flowing contrast echoes were seen, and the liver parenchyma was covered by enhanced echoes. A total of 297 subjects were examined by HPCH with a successful contrast rate of 95.6%. In normal subjects, dense contrast echoes were visible throughout the liver. But in patients with hepatoma, hemangioma, cyst and abscess, contrast echo defects were noted. We conclude that HPCE is of great value in the differentiation of space-occupying lesions and measurement of portal circulation time and blood flow velocity in spite of its untoward reactions.
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PMID:Hydrogen peroxide contrast hepatosonography. 164 66

The conventional Heaney's avascular hepatic resection was modified based on an experimental study on normothermic total hepatic vascular exclusion in dog. The modification was cancellation of simultaneous exclusion of the abdominal aorta and proper prolongation of total hepatic vascular exclusion time. The method was successfully used in 3 patients, 2 with primary hepatocellular carcinoma involving the second porta hepatis and 1 with a huge hepatic cavernous hemangioma in segments VII and VIII. The clinical application of this method is presented and discussed. The modified Heaney's technique, being simpler and safer than the conventional one, may increase the resection rate for central hepatic tumors (segments I, IV, V and VIII according to Couinaud's classification).
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PMID:[Modified normothermic avascular hepatic resection]. 165 91

The expression of HBx protein in liver tissues from 48 cases of different liver diseases, including 32 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 10 of chronic hepatitis (CH), 2 of angioma and 4 cases of normal liver was studied. These samples were tested for HBx protein, HBsAg by modified ABC method. Positive rates of HBx in cancer and adjacent liver tissue were 75.0% and 62.5%, and positive rates of HBsAg were 37.5% and 78.1% respectively. The occurrence of HBx in the absence of HBsAg was more frequently observed in tissues from HCC (46.9%) than CH (0%). The results showed that expression of HBx was more active than that of HBsAg, and it is suggested that HBx might be a useful marker for the diagnosis of liver cancer.
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PMID:[The HBx protein expression in liver cancer]. 165 95

Dependence on T1 contrast can be reduced by changing the excitation flip angle. Low flip-angle spin-echo imaging can reduce imaging time because repetition time (TR) is reduced. The authors assessed the efficacy of low flip-angle spin-echo images in phantoms and in liver. MR phantoms made from polyvinyl alcohol gel to model the properties of normal liver, HCC, and hemangioma were scanned with various flip angles at TR 2400 and 1200 msec. Measured signal intensities fitted well with theoretical values. The T1 contrast of signal intensity decreased as the flip angle was reduced, accompanied by a decrease in signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). Thirty patients with hepatic space-occupying lesions (23 with HCC, three with metastases and four with hemangioma) were studied by conventional SE (CSE) at 2400/60/2 (TR/TE/NEX [number of excitations]) (10 min 46 sec imaging time) and low flip-angle SE (LFSE) at 1200/60/30 degrees/2 (TR/TE/FA/NEX) (5:20) and/or 1200/60/30 degrees/4 (10:18). The sensitivity of CSE in detecting lesions was 93% (44/47). It was 92% (35/38) for LFSE with two NEX and 94% (34/36) for LFSE with four NEX pulse sequences. The contrast-to-noise ratio (C/N) for images (HCC/liver, hemangioma/liver) obtained by LFSE with four NEX was significantly higher than that for those obtained by CSE (4.8 vs 3.5, p less than 0.01; 13.4 vs 9.7, p less than 0.01, respectively). Although the C/N (lesion/liver) for LFSE with two NEX sequences was lower than that of CSE for any type of lesion (3.0 vs 3.5 for HCC; 5.1 vs 6.3 for metastases; 8.3 vs 9.7 for hemangioma), the difference was not significant. Although reducing the flip angle from 90 degrees to 30 degrees with two NEX resulted in a decrease in S/N (10.7 to 8.9 for HCC; 15.3 to 11.9 for metastases; 20.0 to 18.1 for hemangioma; 7.4 to 6.3 for normal liver; 10.7 to 10.1 for spleen), the difference was not significant. For hepatic space-occupying lesions, low flip-angle spin-echo imaging is useful to obtain T2-weighted images in a shorter imaging time without sacrificing lesion detectability.
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PMID:[Low flip-angle spin-echo imaging of the liver. Basic study and its application to hepatic space-occupying lesions]. 165 32

The benign tumors hepatic adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia are compared in their etiology, differential diagnosis, risk of transformation, and management. Hepatic adenomas range in size from 1-30 cm, averaged 8-10 cm in diameter, contain vacuoles and glycogen, but no Kupfer cells or bile ducts. Adenoma is usually symptomatic, causing pressure or hemorrhage. The risk of developing adenoma is increased with duration of oral contraceptive use, and chance of a larger tumor, a hemorrhage and mortality during pregnancy or surgery is also increased in pill users. Adenoma also occurs in people with Type Ia glycogen storage disease, and is associated with insulin-dependent diabetes. Often stopping oral contraceptives will cause an adenoma to regress. If not, It is best managed by elective resection, with 1% mortality, rather than 5-10% mortality due to spontaneous rupture. Adenomas can progress to adenomatosis, which are inoperable, or malignant transformation. Focal nodular hyperplasia is marked by a stellate scar, sometimes accompanied by hemangioma, but is asymptomatic. It is not increased in oral contraceptive users, but occurs in older women. It can transform to fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma. The 2 benign lesions can be distinguished by radionuclide scanning and angiography. Only fine needle aspiration is advised for biopsy, because of the risk of hemorrhage with adenoma. Focal nodular hyperplasia takes up radionuclide, stains intensely on angiography, and is safe to biopsy percutaneously.
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PMID:Hepatic adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia. 165 55

Thirty two human livers were removed at autopsy. These included 7 with space-occupying or tumour-like lesions, namely one with multiple cysts, three with haemangiomas, a lobated liver with multiple nodules of focal nodular hyperplasia, one with a metastasis which also had a small haemangioma and one with a hepatocellular carcinoma. Fine particle barium diluted 2:1 with water was injected by hand to fill the arterial system. In the lobated liver, the portal system was also filled. High definition radiographs of liver slices showed arteriographic detail not visible on angiography. The arteriographic appearances were correlated with the macroscopic and microscopic pathology. Liver cysts compress the arteries and arterioles but an apparent halo on the whole liver radiograph was shown to be spurious on a 1 cm thick high definition film. The small vessel pattern of haemangiomas is well demonstrated accounting for the hyperechoic sonograms but hypoechoic areas may also occur due to involution of or haemorrhage into tumours. The small lesions of focal nodular hyperplasia had a poor arterial supply but filled from a portal venous injection. Metastases had a peripheral network of small vessels, central necrosis and normal sized peripheral arteries with no large artery entering the tumour. In hepatocellular carcinoma, a large artery was demonstrated entering the tumour which was considerably more vascular than the metastases. These features should aid in distinguishing these lesions on sonography.
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PMID:Radiological-pathological correlation of mass lesions in the liver. 166 81

Major liver resections with complex vascular reconstruction require ischemia lasting from 2 h 30 to 5 h thus exceeding hepatic tolerance to warm ischemia. We describe a new technique of "ex situ-in vivo" liver surgery with prolonged ischemia with an intact hepatic pedicle. The surgical procedure encompasses complete mobilization of the liver and inferior vena cava, inferior mesenteric and femoral to axillary vein bypass, complete vascular exclusion of the liver, cold perfusion (U. W. solution), section of the hepatic veins allowing exteriorization of the liver ("ex situ") which remains connected by the hepatic pedicle ("in vivo"). The liver is placed on a heat exchanger at 4 degrees C. This procedure was performed in three patients: one each with hepatocellular carcinoma, huge metastasis of colorectal carcinoma and a "diffuse" hemangioma. Duration of ischemia was 225, 205, and 230 min respectively. The postoperative course was uneventful in all 3 cases and patients are alive at 15, 12, and 6 months. As it improves resecability rate of liver tumors and provides radical margins of resection, this procedure may be a beneficial alternative to liver transplantation for which poor results in cancer therapy with a high rate of recurrence are mainly due to immunosuppression.
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PMID:["Ex situ-in vivo" surgery of the liver: a new technique in liver surgery. Principles and preliminary results]. 166 68


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