Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The viral hepatitis is a serious public health problem worldwide. Some problem is hepatitis B, particularly superinfection HBV-HDV and least hepatitis C (HCV), because they are transmitted via parenteral routes. About 20% of patients becomes a chronic carrier. Some chronic carriers are healthy: and they have no functional deficiencies. Others however, chronic active hepatitis develops and can lead to cirrhosis of the liver and finally to hepatocellular carcinoma, that is one of the major cancers of the world today. The immunocomplexes play a role in pathogenesis of several syndromes, such as: polyarthritis nodosa, glomerulonephritis, acrodermatitis. In the study based on questionnaires mailed 645 persons after acute viral hepatitis they were observed: cholecystitis--13.9%, stomach and/or duodenum ulcer--11.5%, and cholelithiasis--8.1%. An important results of the investigation is the conclusion that hepatitis caused distinct decrease of the health condition and change of the lifestyle. After the viral hepatitis 9% of patients shifted to a lighter job for a time, 3.8% for good and 5.6% patients after hepatitis B were receiving disability payment. In the light of the problems discussed here the vaccination would prevent not only the acute liver illness but also the sequelae of the disease.
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PMID:[Viral hepatitis sequelae]. 133 49

A patient who developed crescentic IgA nephropathy following treatment with recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL2) and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma was reported. Cessation of rIL2 and LAK cell treatment plus plasmapheresis and steroid therapy was successful in achieving partial improvement and stabilization of renal function. This is the first case report of biopsy-documented glomerulonephritis developing after IL2 and LAK cell therapy. This provides indirect in vivo evidence for the role of IL2 in mediating glomerular injury in IgA nephropathy.
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PMID:Crescentic IgA glomerulonephritis following interleukin-2 therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver. 166 57

We performed 308 series renal biopsies during 4 years (1985-1989) and 289 cases were examined by light microscopic, electron microscopic, or immunofluorescent study. Clinically, chronic nephritic syndrome was most frequent (55.4%), followed by nephrotic syndrome (15.1%), and recurrent or persistent hematuria (12.8%). Pathologically, IgA nephropathy was most popular (39.3%), followed by normal glomerulus (9.1%), and thin basement membrane disease (8.7%). Glomerulonephritis clinically recognized with recurrent or persistent hematuria, hardly showing proteinuria, in 81.6% of the cases, consisted of normal glomerulus, or thin basement membrane disease by electron microscopic and immunofluorescent examinations. The remainder (18.4%) was with IgA nephropathy, which was histologically mild. On the other hand, cases of chronic nephritic syndrome (latent type) with persistent proteinuria and hematuria were with glomerulonephritis of various types including IgA nephropathy in 78.8% of the total cases. Therefore, proteinuria is an important sign of glomerulonephritis. In investigation in different age groups, IgA nephropathy was seen in about 40% of both pediatric and adult cases, whereas minor glomerular abnormalities and thin basement membrane disease were more frequent in pediatric cases. Tubulo-interstitial lesions and glomerular lesions in vascular or metabolic diseases were recognized more in adults than in children. Membranous glomerulonephritis (17 cases including 4 pediatric cases), complicated with malignant tumors such as bladder or rectal cancers and hepatoma was found in 3 aged patients. Examination for malignant tumor would be necessary for aged patients with membranous glomerulonephritis. As for the prognosis of IgA nephropathy, because histological changes of IgA nephropathy varied widely from very mild state to severe state, the prognosis is not always good.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinicopathological study of patients presenting hematuria and proteinuria by renal biopsy]. 204 2

A total 1400 hepatitis B surface antigen-positive Alaska natives, 824 men and 576 women of all ages, were followed up prospectively over a period of 7815 carrier years for the development of sequelae related to chronic hepatitis B virus infection. During the observation period, 20 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 14 cases of chronic active hepatitis, 8 cases of cirrhosis, and 1 case of glomerulonephritis developed in this cohort. The annual incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was 387 per 100,000 for men and 63 per 100,000 for women. The incidence of chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis was 193 and 107 per 100,000 in men and 158 and 95 per 100,000 in women, respectively. No cases of either essential mixed cryoglobulinemia or necrotizing vasculitis were seen. Sixty of the hepatitis B surface antigen-positive carriers died, with 13 (21.7%) of the deaths due to hepatocellular carcinoma. The leading cause of death in this group was malignant neoplasms compared with accidents in the general Alaska native population.
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PMID:Hepatitis B-related sequelae. Prospective study in 1400 hepatitis B surface antigen-positive Alaska native carriers. 215 73

A method for detection and quantitation of circulating immune complexes using precipitation of the complexes by polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been reexamined to determine the influence of pH on the recovery and the reproducibility of the results. Results showed that the pH optimum for these determinations was 7.8. The recovery percentages range from 57.8-146.5% at lower immune complex concentrations, and from 73.9-101.3% at higher concentrations. The reproducibility of the method seems reasonably acceptable with a percent coefficient of variation ranging from 0.5-9.5. This method for quantitation of circulating immune complexes by polyethylene glycol precipitation is consistent and relatively reliable. Using this method, the levels of circulating immune complexes in sera in patients with hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatoma, acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (before and after treatment) and systemic lupus erythematosus have been examined. The results showed that except the patients with treated acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis who had a similar amount of immune complexes with normal controls, the level of immune complexes in patients with other types of diseases were all higher than the control. In addition, the composition of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and C4 of the precipitable complexes in sera of patients with three types of liver disease has been analyzed and demonstrated that the percentages of IgM were higher than the normal control. However, C3 and C4 in hepatitis and liver cirrhosis patients were lower than those of the control.
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PMID:Detection of circulating immune complexes in liver diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus and glomerulonephritis by polyethylene glycol precipitation. 377 14

Six HBsAg negative patients with cirrhosis of the liver (CL) presented with recurrent bouts of palpable purpura in the legs due to small vessel leucocytoclastic vasculitis. In addition, all patients had renal failure, proteinuria and microhaematuria. Renal biopsy disclosed either diffuse proliferative (3 cases) or focal necrotising glomerulonephritis with crescents (2 cases). One patient had IgM-IgG mixed cryoglobulinaemia (type II). Four patients died of complications of their CL. Hepatocellular carcinoma was found in 1 case. In the patient without renal biopsy renal function improved following steroids and cyclophosphamide. The pathogenesis of this syndrome of cutaneous vasculitis with severe glomerular involvement in CL is unknown but could be immune-complex mediated.
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PMID:Renal involvement in a syndrome of vasculitis complicating HBsAg negative cirrhosis of the liver. 399 59

Twenty-one (100%) Haitians and 42 (21.5%) of 192 native black Americans autopsied in a 33-month period at Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, were included in this review. All autopsied materials were examined. Among the Haitians autopsied, infectious diseases accounted for 11 (52%) of 21 deaths. Toxoplasma encephalitis was the leading cause of death (five cases). Other infectious causes of death included disseminated cryptococcosis (one), disseminated cytomegalovirus diseases (one), Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (one), chronic active hepatitis B (two), and bacterial pneumonia (one). Malignant neoplasms were also found to be causes of death and these included a single cases of each of the following: adenocarcinoma of the lung, multiple myeloma, diffuse histiocytic lymphoma, hepatoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma. Deaths of the remaining cases were due to hypertensive cardiovascular diseases (two), rheumatic heart disease (one), glomerulonephritis (one), and intimal fibroplasia of coronary arteries (one). Seven Haitian cases fulfilled the Centers for Disease Control case definition for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). For comparison, autopsies of black Americans were chosen from conditions that would most likely predispose them to opportunistic infections. Among the autopsies on black Americans there were no cases of opportunistic infections or Kaposi's sarcoma that were considered to be consistent with the AIDS.
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PMID:Unusual causes of death in Haitians residing in Miami. High prevalence of opportunistic infections. 634 27

This study assessed the regulatory role of peripheral blood T cells in the C3 production in patients with poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis and branoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Peripheral blood T cells from patients at various stages of disease were cultured and the supernatants tested for gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) content and the capacity to stimulate C3 production by HuH-7 cells. Supernatants from patients with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and from convalescent patients with poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis significantly stimulated the C3 production; the degree of stimulation correlated with the IFN-gamma content of the supernatants. Similar results were obtained using recombinant IFN-gamma. In both cases, the effect was blocked by the addition of anti-IFN-gamma monoclonal antibody to the cultures. Interleukin 2 and interleukin 6 levels in supernatants from T cell cultures of patients and controls were essentially the same. In summary, IFN-gamma plays a regulatory role in C3 production by human hepatoma cell lines.
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PMID:Regulation of the C3 production by gamma interferon from peripheral blood T cells in patients with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis. 873 Apr 32

Hepatitis C is becoming the main cause of cirrhosis and primary liver carcinoma. Infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV) generally induces an asymptomatic acute hepatitis. HCV infection becomes chronic in about 80% of cases. In a minority of the subjects, chronic HCV infection is asymptomatic with persistent viremia and normal liver tests. These asymptomatic subjects have minimal liver histologic lesions and a good prognosis. In a majority of the subjects, chronic HCV infection is associated with chronic hepatitis with increased serum transaminases levels. Among the patients with chronic hepatitis, the majority have a mild liver disease with a moderate increase in serum transaminases levels and, at liver histology, minimal lesions; a minority (about 20%) have a more severe liver disease and will develop cirrhosis after 5 to 20 years. In patients with HCV related cirrhosis, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma is high (around 5% per year). The factors influencing the evolution of HCV infection are not known. Alcohol is certainly an important factor which increases the risk of development of fibrosis then cirrhosis. Virus related factors, such as genotype and level of replication, might also be important. Autoimmune diseases have been reported in association with hepatitis C. HCV infection is a major cause of mixed cryoglobulinemia associated with vasculitis or glomerulonephritis. A relationship between HCV and auto-immune diseases such as thyroiditis or Gougerot syndrome has been suggested but not demonstrated. HCV infection is frequent in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda; in these patients, HCV related liver disease might trigger the expression of the metabolic disease.
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PMID:[Clinical picture and evolution of hepatitis C]. 899 8

Here we report an autopsy case with anti-neutrophil antibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitis accompanied by autoimmune hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. A 69-year-old woman was admitted to Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital in October 1995 because of leg edema. She had presented cough in 1990 and diagnosed as interstitial pneumonia, esophageal varices and liver chirosis. On admission, laboratory data showed mild anemia, hypoproteinemia, and marked gammagloblinemia. IgM-HA antibody, HBs antigen, HBs antibody, HCV antibody and HDV antibody were negative. Anti-nuclear antibody, anticentromere antibody, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody against myeloperoxidase and cathepsin G (MPO-ANCA and cathepsin G), rheumatoid factor and direct coombs test were positive. Serum level of AFP and CEA were elevated. Ultrasonography and computed tomography of abdomen scowed liver chirosis and tumor in left lobe of liver. The diagnosis of liver chirosis based on autoimmune hepatitis and Interstitial pneumonia was made with clinical course, laboratory findings and radiographic findings although liver biopsy was not performed. She complained of bloody stool due to ulcer of the large intestine, and died of liver failure which progressed rapidly. The autopsy findings detected that pulmonary fibrosis, liver fibrosis with multiple hepatocellular carcinoma, necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis, and vasculitis of small artery inn colon. This was the first report of MPO-ANCA associated vasuculitis complicated with autoimmune hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinical significance of ANCA and immunogenetic background of these diseases were discussed.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated vasculitis accompanied by autoimmune hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma]. 917 69


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