Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred twenty-six dogs with histologically confirmed, measurable malignant tumors were evaluated in a prospective study to determine the response to the antineoplastic drug mitoxantrone. Ninety-five dogs had been refractory to one or more treatment modalities (surgery, n = 57; chemotherapy other than mitoxantrone, n = 37; radiation, n = 4; whole body hyperthermia, n = 1). The extent of neoplastic disease was determined immediately before each dose of mitoxantrone was administered (1 to 10 doses, 2.5 to 5 mg/m2 of body surface area, IV) 21 days apart. Each dog was treated with mitoxantrone until the dog developed progressive disease or until the dog's quality of life diminished to an unacceptable level as determined by the owner or attending veterinarian. A partial or complete remission (greater than 50% volume reduction) was obtained in 23% (29/126) of all dogs treated. Tumors in which there was a partial or complete remission included lymphoma (11/32), squamous cell carcinoma (4/9), fibrosarcoma (2/9), thyroid carcinoma (1/10), transitional cell carcinoma (1/6), mammary adenocarcinoma (1/6), hepatocellular carcinoma (1/4), renal adenocarcinoma (1/1), rectal carcinoma (1/1), chondrosarcoma (1/2), oral malignant melanoma (1/12), cutaneous malignant melanoma (1/1), myxosarcoma (1/1), mesothelioma (1/1), and hemangiopericytoma (1/1). Our results indicated that mitoxantrone induces measurable regression in various malignant tumors in dogs.
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PMID:Efficacy of mitoxantrone against various neoplasms in dogs. 206 Nov 77

Thirteen endothelial cell growth factors have been purified to homogeneity by heparin affinity and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography, and their chromatographic and electrophoretic properties were compared. The amino acid compositions of 10 of these mitogens have also been determined. The results indicate that these heparin-binding growth factors (HBGFs) can be subdivided into two classes. Class 1 HBGFs are anionic mitogens of molecular weight 15,000-17,000 found in high levels in neural tissue and include acidic brain fibroblast growth factor and retina-derived growth factor. Class 2 HBGFs are cationic mitogens of molecular weight 18,000-20,000 found in a variety of normal tissues and are typified by pituitary fibroblast growth factor and cartilage-derived growth factor. Typical class 2 HBGFs have also been isolated from a rat chondrosarcoma, a human melanoma, and a human hepatoma, suggesting that tumors do not make a structurally distinct HBGF class. These results provide a sound basis for the evaluation of the HBGFs purified from a variety of tissues and species and for the delineation of their normal and pathological functions in vivo.
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PMID:Purification and characterization of heparin-binding endothelial cell growth factors. 300 88

An extremely rare case of malignant mixed tumor of the liver in adults is reported. A 60-year-old man was admitted because of abdominal fullness. Abdominal CT-scan demonstrated a low density lesion surrounded by high density ring area in the liver. Liver scintigram and selective hepatic angiography revealed a malignant tumor mass which was indistinguishable from other malignant masses. Postmortem examination disclosed that histology of the liver tumor was Edmondson's grade II hepatocellular carcinoma and chondrosarcoma. There are no special clinical features of this tumor and the diagnosis is almost always made during exploratory laparotomy or at autopsy. However, abdominal CT-scan findings are somewhat helpful for diagnosis of malignant mixed tumor of the liver in adults.
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PMID:Malignant mixed tumor of the liver in adults. 632 78

Hyaline globules (HGs), spherical intracytoplasmic eosinophilic droplets, have been associated with a variety of conditions, including hepatocellular carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma, but they have not been described in cartilaginous tumors. In specimens of 60 cartilaginous neoplasms we found that 22 of 33 chondrosarcomas (67%), eight of 16 enchondromas (50%), and three of seven soft tissue chondromas (43%) exhibited HGs. HGs were seen more commonly in low grade chondrosarcoma (70%) and were relatively rare in high grade chondrosarcoma (25%). No HGs were identified in three osteochondromas, one synovial chondromatosis, or 15 normal cartilaginous tissues taken from various sites. Cartilage associated HGs ranged in size from 2 to 20 microns, were diastase resistant and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain positive, demonstrated autofluorescence, and variably stained with Mallory's phosphotungstic acid-hematoxylin stain (PTAH). A panel of immunostains did not show any specific staining reactions with HGs. Ultrastructurally the HGs were spherical, non-membrane-bound bodies having complex architectural features associated with profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Electron probe x-ray microanalytic (EPXMA) study showed significant peaks of sulphur and calcium. We conclude that HGs represent secretory products of probable glycoprotein nature, may accumulate in a variety of cartilaginous neoplasms, and may be seen more frequently in low grade chondrosarcomas.
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PMID:Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic hyaline globules in cartilaginous neoplasms: a surgical, pathological, ultrastructural, and electron probe x-ray microanalytic study. 752 63

Eighteen patients (3 men and 15 women; mean age 63 years) with right-sided tumors were evaluated by both transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography from 1989 to 1996. The indications for echocardiographic studies included evaluation for a presumed mass and further evaluation of ventricular function and valvular function. Fifteen patients had right atrial tumors. These included 5 hypernephromas, 4 myxomas, 2 angiosarcomas, 1 lipoma, 1 cavernous hemangioma, 1 hepatoma, and 1 chondrosarcoma. Three patients had right ventricular (RV) tumors: 1 metastatic olfactory neuroblastoma, a leiomyosarcoma, a chondrosarcoma, and a fourth patient had infiltration of the RV free wall of unknown etiology. Biopsy of either right atrial or RV masses was performed with transesophageal echocardiographic guidance in 2 patients, and allowed histologic diagnosis before surgical resection. These findings indicate that tumors are more often found in the right atrium than in the right ventricle, and females predominate. Most tumors arising within the right atrium are benign, whereas those extending into the right atrium from outside are malignant. RV tumors are rarely encountered; when present, they are likely to be malignant.
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PMID:Right-sided cardiac tumors detected by transesophageal echocardiography and its usefulness in differentiating the benign from the malignant ones. 907 May 59

We used a yeast functional assay (functional analysis of separated alleles in yeast: FASAY) to determine the p53 gene status of human cell lines maintained in our laboratory. This assay enables the researcher to score wild-type p53 expression on the basis of the ability of expressed p53 to transactivate the reporter gene HIS 3 via the p53-responsive GAL 1 promoter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The cell lines examined were ten hepatoma, two hepatoblastoma, three in vitro immortalized fibroblast, two osteosarcoma, a chondrosarcoma, an ovarian teratocarcinoma and a colon cancer cell line. Out of 20 cell lines, 11 cell lines had mutations in both alleles of the p53 gene, and another 8 cell lines had no mutation in the p53 gene. Thus, 55% of the cell lines examined had mutations in the p53. Interestingly, PA-1 cells had both the normal and the mutant p53 alleles, showing that FASAY is a useful method for detecting the wild-type and mutated p53 genes simultaneously. As for the three liver cell lines harboring HBsAg, there was no relationship between their p53 gene status and the presence of HBsAg. Two cell lines were normal for p53 status, while the other had a mutation of the p53 gene.
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PMID:Yeast functional assay of the p53 gene status in human cell lines maintained in our laboratory. 935 23

Pulmonary surgery is frequently used for the treatment of metastasis or nodules in children with various types of malignancies. However, the indications and effectiveness of pulmonary metastatectomy have not been evaluated recently. Therefore, a retrospective study was conducted to analyse the results of pulmonary metastatectomy in children. Children who underwent pulmonary metastatectomy at our department between 1990 and 2000 were reviewed. Eighteen children consisting of 11 boys and 7 girls (age range, 3 to 18 years) underwent thoracotomy for pulmonary metastasis excision. The primaries were osteosarcoma (n = 2), synovial sarcoma (n = 1), fibrosarcoma (n = 1), Ewing's sarcoma (n = 2), mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (n = 1), Wilms' tumour (n = 4), clear-cell sarcoma (n = 1), Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 3), hepatoblastoma (n = 1), hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 1) and haemangioendotheliosarcoma (n = 1). Pulmonary metastases were encountered either at the time of initial diagnosis (22 %) or occurred within 6 months to 5 years. They were frequently nodular (94 %), unilateral (94 %) and located in the right lung (70 %). The number of metastases were frequently one (56 %) or two (28 %). Excision was done by means of wedge resection (88 %), segmentectomy (6 %), and lobectomy + wedge resection (6 %). The nodules contained tumour cells in most cases (n = 14) (78 %), mature nephrogenic elements (6 %) and no tumour tissue (16 %) in the remaining cases. Histology was similar to that of the original tumour in 12 cases. However, synovial sarcoma was encountered in metastasis in one case with fibrosarcoma primary. Re-thoracotomy was performed in 22 % of cases for the recurrent lesion, which in only one case was a true local recurrence. Overall disease-free survival rate was 56 % during the follow-up period (mean, 36.4 +/- 31.8 months). Pulmonary metastatectomy may increase survival in carefully selected children, though it is unlikely to cure the patient. Therefore combined therapies such as chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy should be continued in the postoperative period.
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PMID:Pulmonary metastases in children: an analysis of surgical spectrum. 1210 95

A multicentre analysis was carried out on bone tumours in Cameroon during a 10-year period. Registers and patient records of five pathology laboratories were consulted, and all patients with a histological report of a bone tumour were included in the study. A total of 268 bone tumours were studied and the average incidence was 27 tumours a year, or two per one million inhabitants. Of these tumours 48% were benign, 45% were primary bone cancers and only 6% were metastatic disease. Among the primary malignant bone tumours, osteosarcoma was the most frequent (39%), followed by non-Hodgkin's primary bone lymphoma, fibrosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma. Primary site of the metastatic bone tumours was prostatic adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, hepatocarcinoma and thyroid cancer. In Cameroon many bone tumours are not diagnosed due to lack of medical facilities and little awareness among our medical staff. It is likely that the real incidence is at least ten times higher than that shown in our report.
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PMID:Bone tumours in Cameroon: incidence, demography and histopathology. 1294 93

A mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumor of the liver arising in an adult is rare and is mostly classified as sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, a case of sarcomatoid HCC in an adult with hepatoblastoma (HB)-like features, which produced difficulty in the differential diagnosis between sarcomatoid HCC and mixed HB, is presented. The epithelial component of the tumor composed of poorly differentiated HCC, Edmondson's grade III, and more primitive components, which were embryonal and small cell undifferentiated components of HB-like areas. The small undifferentiated cells surrounded HCC and the embryonal component of HB-like area, and revealed transition partly to areas of rhabdomyosarcoma. A small portion of chondrosarcoma was also noted. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that HCC and the embryonal component of HB-like areas expressed alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and cytokeratin 8. The small undifferentiated cells were negative for AFP but stained with cytokeratin 8 as well as CD56, which is a marker of primitive cells in many sarcoma and HB. It is not certain whether small undifferentiated cells belong to hepatic progenitor cells or primitive mesenchymal cells. Polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis for beta-catenin mutation using microdissection revealed no mutation of any components. A review was undertaken of the cases previously reported as adult hepatoblastoma without detailed immunohistochemical study and consider many of them may be sarcomatoid HCC. These primitive and sarcomatoid components would be arising from the dedifferentiation process of HCC.
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PMID:Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatoblastoma-like features in an adult. 1514 5

Herein we present a 73-year-old man with primary carcinosarcoma of the liver, a rare malignant tumor of the liver. The case was followed up due to HBV-related liver cirrhosis. Regular check-up by ultrasound demonstrated a hyperechoic tumor in the left lobe of the liver, and he was referred and admitted to our hospital. Dynamic CT studies revealed a mostly hypoenhancing hepatic mass with a peripheral ring enhancement. Surgical resection was performed, and the resected tumor was macroscopically a simple nodular type, 3 cm in diameter, with a dense fibrous capsule. Microscopically, undifferentiated cells were dominant in the tumor, while moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were also observed. A transitional zone was noted between the undifferentiated tumor and HCC. Tumor tissue with adenocarcinoma, osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma were also detected. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that tumor cells were HepPar 1 positive in hepatocellular carcinoma, and CK19 and partly CK7 positive in adenocarcinoma. Moreover, CD56, chromogranin A and c-kit were occasionally positive in undifferentiated tumor cells. The diagnosis of carcinosarcoma was made based on the concomitant presence of HCC and sarcomatous components, yet it is noteworthy that various types of tumor cells were observed.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma of the liver. 2113 95


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