Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1H spectra of tumours or normal tissues, which include signals from all hydrogen-containing metabolites, are too complex for the human eye to interpret. We have studied 58 1H spectra from perchloric acid extracts of three normal tissues (liver, kidney and spleen) and five rat tumours (GH3 pituitary, fibrosarcoma, Morris Hepatomas 7777 and 9618a and Walker carcinosarcoma). Instead of editing them or quantifying individual metabolites, we have used statistical pattern recognition techniques to classify them into groups. This automatic, objective method differentiated spectra from normal and malignant rat tissue biopsies, and from different types of cancer. It seems likely that this technique can be applied to human tissues and thus used for cancer diagnosis.
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PMID:Classification of tumour 1H NMR spectra by pattern recognition. 132 Mar 91

Sensitivity to phenylephrine, isoproterenol, serotonin, oxytocin, acetylcholine and barium chloride of vas deferens uterus und fundus strip was studied comparatively in hepatectomized and sarcoma-45, sarcoma-M1, Walker carcinosarcoma and Zajdela ascites hepatoma bearing rats. The contractile response to monoamines and oxytocin was considerably lower or absent at certain periods after hepatectomy or tumour grafting. Effects of biogenic amine antagonists were also substantially altered. The response to isoproterenol, acetylcholine and barium chloride remained unchanged. Apparently a selective alteration of a response of visceral smooth muscles mediated through alpha-adrenergic and D-serotonin receptors occurred not only during the tumour growth but also in the case of active (extensive) proliferation of the normal tissue.
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PMID:[The monoaminergic receptors of the internal organs in rats with a tumor and after partial hepatectomy]. 217 98

MR features of 153 proved primary liver tumors (95 malignant, 58 benign) in 55 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (21), cholangiocarcinoma (seven), carcinosarcoma (one), hepatoblastoma (one), hemangioma (16), hepatic adenoma (four), focal nodular hyperplasia (three), leiomyoma (one), and hemangioendothelioma (one) were studied retrospectively to determine which techniques are most reliable for lesion detection and which criteria are most useful for differential diagnosis. MR data were correlated with histologic features such as fatty degeneration, fibrosis, and peritumoral edema. Unlike metastatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma was best detected (p less than .01) with T2-weighted pulse sequences. The mean tumor-liver T2 difference was 34.4%, while the mean T1 difference was only 21.8%. A tissue-specific diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was possible in 14 of 21 patients by identification of fatty degeneration of the tumor (eight of 17), tumor capsule (five of 21), and/or vascular invasion (six of 21). MR features of peritumoral edema, present in six of 21 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and in seven of 25 patients with metastases, were exclusively associated with malignant tumors. The large variation in tissue characteristics (relaxation times and proton density) seen in primary liver tumors necessitates the use of multiple pulse sequences to maximize lesion detection. However, the combined use of T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo and T2-weighted phase-contrast images had the advantage of distinguishing benign from malignant primary liver tumors in 48 of 55 patients in this series.
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PMID:Primary liver tumors: diagnosis by MR imaging. 253 70

A case of a primary hepatic carcinosarcoma, a very uncommon liver tumor in adults, demonstrated by Ga-67 scintigraphy, was reported. The liver image showed a lesion of low activity in the left lobe of the liver, whereas the Ga-67 image showed a moderate accumulation in the lesion detected by the liver scan and further indicated a high accumulation extending downwards from the hepatic lesion. An autopsy revealed that the huge abdominal tumor was composed of hepatocellular carcinoma and malignant mesenchymoma in the left hepatic lobe and in the lower part of the tumor, respectively. The Ga-67 image demonstrated these two different histological components of the tumor.
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PMID:Hepatic carcinosarcoma demonstrated by Ga-67 scintigraphy. 264 55

31P-NMP, surface coil spectra of three subcutaneously implanted rat tumours (Morris hepatoma 7777, GH3 prolactinoma, Walker carcinosarcoma) and an N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced rat mammary adenocarcinoma at different stages of growth were obtained and compared with histological sections taken immediately after NMR acquisitions. Metabolite ratios (phosphocreatine (PCr)/beta nucleoside triphosphate (beta NTP), PCr/Pi, beta NTP/Pi) calculated from the NMR spectra were compared with ratios obtained from acid extracts of tumours of similar size. Measurements of creatine and ADP were also made. Three of the tumours showed positive correlations between increasing tumour size and decreasing metabolite ratios measured both by NMR and in extracts, whereas the Walker carcinosarcoma showed no correlation between size and any parameters measured. Phosphorus metabolite ratios, measured in extracts of skin overlying the tumours, indicated a fall in high energy phosphate when there was histological evidence of skin invasion by the tumour. Surface coil 31P-NMR spectra of subcutaneously grown or induced tumours in the rat represent a slowly changing steady state as the tumour increases in size. We conclude that increasing numbers of hypoxic tumour cells, rather than large areas of necrotic tissue, contribute largely to the NMR spectrum.
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PMID:Growth studies of subcutaneous rat tumours: comparison of 31P-NMR spectroscopy, acid extracts and histology. 280 46

Lectin binding [concanavalin A, biotinylated ricinus communis agglutinin, and biotinylated succinylated wheat germ agglutinin (B-SWGA)] was used to detect the glycosylated proteins associated with a residual protein fraction [insoluble in 4% sodium dodecyl sulfate and termed the nuclear residual fraction (NRF)] or with nuclear matrix preparations from normal rat liver, azo dye (3'-MeDAB)-induced rat hepatoma, and Walker 256 transplantable carcinosarcoma. One- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis were used with lectins, polyclonal antisera, and monoclonal antibody binding to characterize some of the glycoconjugates. Two polypeptide bands with approximate molecular weights of 95,000 and 55,000, shown previously to be present only in the induced tumor cells and the Walker 256 tumor, were reactive with lectins. In addition, a Mr 62,000 protein reacted only with B-SWGA in the nuclear matrix fractions from normal rat liver and the induced hepatoma. A polypeptide band (approximate molecular weight, 213,000) in the Walker 256 NRF reacted with concanavalin A and biotinylated ricinus communis agglutinin. One polypeptide band (approximate molecular weight, 182,000) reacted with concanavalin A in all three tissues, with biotinylated ricinus communis agglutinin and B-SWGA in the Walker NRF, and with B-SWGA in the hepatoma NRF. Another polypeptide band (approximate molecular weight, 138,000), reactive with all three lectins, was present in all three tissues. Our findings are consistent with previous reports of lectin binding proteins in the eukaryotic cell nucleus and indicate that certain glycoproteins isolated in nuclear preparations are found specifically in 3'-MeDAB-induced hepatoma and Walker 256 transplantable carcinosarcoma.
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PMID:Lectin-binding proteins in nuclear preparations from rat liver and malignant tumors. 333 20

The cell cycle of Walker carcinoma, Zajdela's hepatoma and their metastases into regional lymph nodes are studied. It is shown that cell cycle of metastases is shorter and the labeling index is higher than in primary tumours. The cell cycle shortening in Walker carcinosarcoma metastases is associated with a decrease in the duration of all its phases. The cell cycle of Zajdela's hepatoma metastases decreases with the S-phase length. The cell loss factor of primary tumours is less than that of their metastases. The results of the autoradiographic study correlate with the previously studied sensitivity of primary tumours and metastases to chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Cellular proliferation kinetics of Walker carcinosarcoma, Zajdela's ascitic hepatoma and their metastases to the lymph nodes]. 406 18

The paper deals with a study of the effect of a single challenge with living tularemia vaccine on the growth of such transplantable tumors as Zajdela's hepatoma, Pliss' lymphosarcoma, Walker's carcinosarcoma, Schwetz' erythromyelosis and sarcoma 45 in Wistar rats. Immunization was followed by a significant (37.2-86%) inhibition of the rate of growth of the said tumors. Ascites was detected in half the vaccinated animals of Zajdela's hepatoma series, this being matched by 100% in controls.
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PMID:[Effect of immunization with live tularemia vaccine on the growth of various tumor strains in rats]. 407 86

We have investigated the appearance of specific nonhistone proteins during azo dye-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. Groups of animals fed azo dye-containing diet were sacrificed at approximately 3-week intervals, portions of their livers were examined histologically, and the remaining material was fractionated into chromatin and cytoplasmic fractions. Livers of the azo dye-fed animals exhibited histological changes that have been classically attributed to the course and development of cancer; by 28 to 30 weeks of treatment, nearly all animals had developed hepatomas. Heterogeneous rabbit antisera were prepared to dehistonized chromatin from several azo dye-induced hepatomas. These antisera were then used to assess various chromatins for the appearance of antigens specific for neoplasia during inducing carcinogenesis using immunodetection of antigens separated electrophoretically and transferred to nitrocellulose. Changes in the immunoreactivity of liver chromosomal proteins during carcinogen treatment were evident after 3 weeks, and the antigenic profiles of various chromatin samples gradually assumed the characteristics of the hepatoma. The transformation was accompanied by qualitative changes in chromosomal protein antigens, and although these antigenic species were not directly quantitated, noticeable enrichment of tumor-specific species occurred with treatment time. Immunotransfer assays of cytoplasmic fractions indicated most antigens to be specific for chromatin. Normal tissue chromatin exhibited minimal immunoreactivity, and slightly more antigenic homology was noted with regenerating liver and most transplantable tumor chromatins. Interestingly, the transplantable tumor Walker 256 carcinosarcoma was highly enriched in antigens recognized by antisera to azo dye hepatoma dehistonized chromatin. These studies establish a define chronological correlation between the chemical induction of cancer and sequential changes in the immunological specificity of nonhistone protein antigens.
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PMID:Antigenic changes in nonhistone proteins during azo dye hepatocarcinogenesis. 617 4

The sequences specifically transcribed in tumor cells are believed to be closely related to transformed phenotypes. For the isolation of such sequences, a cDNA clone library was constructed by using poly(A)+ RNAs from azo-dye-induced rat ascites hepatomas. Thirty-one tumor RNA-responsive clones were isolated by screening 4,000 clones of this library with conventional techniques, differential colony hybridization, and RNA blot hybridization. These clones were categorized into two groups with respect to their size distribution of mRNAs from which clones were derived. The first group was complementary to a single distinct species, either about 1.5 or 0.6 kilobases in length, of poly(A)+ RNA, and the second showed no distinct bands but a smear on a RNA blot. Semiquantitative RNA dot blot assays revealed that the sequences of these clones were expressed very little, if at all, in normal and regenerating livers, while generally high in ascites hepatomas. This specificity was also true for other solid lines of tumors, such as Morris hepatoma 5123D of Buffalo rat and Walker 256 carcinosarcoma of Wistar rat. The smear class sequences were transcribed from middle-repetitive sequences of DNA, indicating that a class of middle-repetitive sequences is specifically transcribed in tumor cells.
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PMID:Cloning of sequences expressed specifically in tumors of rat. 620 Aug 76


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