Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Identification of reliable and accurate molecular markers remains one of the major challenges of contemporary biomedicine. We developed a new bioinformatic technique termed OncoFinder that for the first time enables to quantatively measure activation of intracellular signaling pathways basing on transcriptomic data. Signaling pathways regulate all major cellular events in health and disease. Here, we showed that the Pathway Activation Strength (PAS) value itself may serve as the biomarker for cancer, and compared it with the "traditional" molecular markers based on the expression of individual genes. We applied OncoFinder to profile gene expression datasets for the nine human cancer types including bladder cancer, basal cell carcinoma, glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, primary melanoma, prostate cancer and renal cancer, totally 292 cancer and 128 normal tissue samples taken from the Gene expression omnibus (GEO) repository. We profiled activation of 82 signaling pathways that involve ~2700 gene products. For 9/9 of the cancer types tested, the PAS values showed better area-under-the-curve (AUC) scores compared to the individual genes enclosing each of the pathways. These results evidence that the PAS values can be used as a new type of cancer biomarkers, superior to the traditional gene expression biomarkers.
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PMID:Signaling pathways activation profiles make better markers of cancer than expression of individual genes. 2541 53

The Budd-Chari syndrome (BCS) is a group of disorders of hepatic vein outflow at various levels from the hepatic veins to inferior vena cave. We describe a 49-year-old man with multiple intrahepatic lesions who had been diagnosed with the BCS. The inferior vena cavography showed hepatic vein occlusion and long-range obstruction of inferior vena cava. The biopsy proved to be hyperplastic nodules, also called large regenerative nodules (LRNs). Both benign regenerative nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) appear in patients with BCC; however, published reports about the diagnosis and differential diagnosis are limited. The incidence of HCC in patients with BCS varies greatly depending on geography. This case illustrates that benign nodules can arise in BCS patients. We reviewed published reports and speculated that medical procedures leading to portal perfusion decrease may be associated with the development of these hyperplastic nodules.
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PMID:Multiple hyperplastic nodular lesions of the liver in the Budd-Chari syndrome: a case report and review of published reports. 2614 43

Follistatin (FST), as a single-chain glycosylated protein, has two major isoforms, FST288 and FST315. The FST315 isoform is the predominant form whilst the FST288 variant accounts for less than 5% of the encoded mRNA. FST is differentially expressed in human tissues and aberrant expression has been observed in a variety of solid tumours, including gonadal, gastric and lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Based on the current evidence, FST is an antagonist of transforming growth factor beta family members, such as activin and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). FST plays a role in tumourigenesis, metastasis and angiogenesis of solid tumours through its interaction with activin and BMPs, thus resulting in pathophysiological function. In terms of diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, FST has shown strong promise. Through a better understanding of its biological functions, potential clinical applications may yet emerge.
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PMID:Clinical and Therapeutic Implications of Follistatin in Solid Tumours. 2780 65


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