Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report concerns the expression of the gap-junction proteins Connexin (Cx)26, 32 and 43 in different malignant and non-malignant human tissues. Affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies against Cx26, 32 and 43 were used for immunohistochemical as well as immunoblot analysis. Cx32, the major gap-junction protein in rat and mouse liver, was detected in human liver and kidney. By contrast, Cx43 was expressed in epithelial and mesenchymal tissues and Cx26 was detected in different epithelia. Whereas all of the benign tumors studied, and some malignant ones, showed stable expression of gap-junction proteins, breast cancer, renal-cell cancer and sarcomas showed a significant decrease in gap-junction proteins as opposed to normal tissue. Cx43, not detected in human normal liver, was found in human hepatocellular carcinoma and Cx26, not detected in human adult skin, was observed in tissue samples of basal-cell carcinoma. In immunoblot analysis, Cx32 antibodies recognized a 27-kDa protein in human liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. A 43-kDa polypeptide was detected in human kidney, renal-cell carcinoma, normal breast, connective tissue of invasive-duct carcinoma of the breast and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Expression of Cx26, Cx32 and Cx43 gap junction proteins in normal and neoplastic human tissues. 131 66

This paper is a retrospective review of the 780 admissions with malignancy to the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital over a five year period, 1983-1987, carried out to determine the type of malignancies presenting and their relative frequencies and to compare this with the rest of West Africa. The commonest tumours were primary liver cell carcinoma with a proportional frequency of 17%, carcinoma of the breast (8%) and bladder (7%). There is a lower incidence of trophoblastic carcinoma (0.3%) than might be expected and a higher incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (8% of male tumours). Carcinoma of the stomach and colorectum are uncommon. The possible reasons for this are discussed.
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PMID:The pattern of malignant disease in north east Nigeria. 175 Jan 14

Intra-arterial angio-CT is used increasingly in the diagnosis of liver metastases since the sensitivity of this method is greater than that of IV-contrast CTs. We carried out this procedure in eight patients with inoperable carcinomas of the bronchus, eight patients with carcinoma of the breast, one patient with an hepatocellular carcinoma and one patient with carcinoma metastases, before starting intra-arterial chemotherapy or tumour embolisation. The procedure permitted optimal placing of the catheter to ensure complete perfusion of the tumour. Perfusion of normal tissue can be reduced to a minimum. Failure of contrast filling on the angio-CT indicates the presence of a second vessel supplying the tumour.
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PMID:[Intra-arterial angio-CT as a perfusion control before intra-arterial chemotherapy in bronchial, breast and liver tumors]. 185 41

The data on 26 patients with solitary metastatic lesions arising in cortical bone were studied. Nineteen patients were over 50 years of age. In 19 patients, the cortical metastasis was the first indication of the presence of a primary malignant condition. In seven cases, cortical metastases developed in patients with a known primary tumor. The primary tumors involved were eight renal cell carcinomas, six bronchogenic carcinomas, two carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, one osteosarcoma, one neuroblastoma, one melanoma, one hepatoma, one carcinoma of the breast, and one thyroid carcinoma. In four cases, the primary tumor remained unknown. A metastatic origin should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an osteolytic lesion arising in the cortex of a long bone, especially in older patients and in patients with a known primary malignant condition. The cortical bone metastases encountered in this study did not originate solely from bronchogenic carcinoma, as has been reported by other authors. Cortical metastases are probably less rare than has been hitherto assumed.
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PMID:Cortical bone metastases. 317 2

In the West, Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have been closely associated with HIV-induced immunosuppression. To date, however, there has been no published account of the impact of HIV infection upon malignancies prevalent in Africa where the HIV epidemic is widespread. The authors describe the pattern of malignant disorders among adult indigenous Zambians over the period 1980-89 in the attempt to discern the impact of HIV infection upon the prevailing malignancies. Histopathological and hematology records of 7836 neoplasms seen during 1980-89 at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia, were analyzed. The crude incidence rate of each malignancy per 100,000 adults per year was calculated and the patterns of malignancies compared for the periods 1980-83 and 1984-89. The latter period corresponds to the advent of the HIV epidemic. Carcinoma of the cervix, Kaposi's sarcoma, bladder carcinoma, hepatoma, lymphoma, and carcinoma of the breast were the six most commonly observed tumors, occurring, respectively, among 19.6%, 7%, 6.3%, 5.8%, 4.6%, and 4.4% of cases. The crude incidence rates of Kaposi's sarcoma and carcinoma of the breast increased significantly during the last six years of the study period, with nodal KS exhibiting the most significant rise from a crude incidence rate of 0.25 per 100,000 adults per year during 1980-83 to 1.11 during 1984-89. In contrast to findings from Europe and the US, no significant increase in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was detected in Zambia following the arrival of the HIV epidemic.
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PMID:Pattern of adult malignancies in Zambia (1980-1989) in light of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic. 763 27

We describe a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after long term tamoxifen therapy in a 71-year-old woman. The patient was prescribed tamoxifen for 12 years following right mastectomy and axillary node clearance for breast carcinoma in 1985. In 1997, she complained of abdominal pain and fullness. An abdominal ultrasound scan showed lesions in the right lobe of liver which were thought to be metastases. However, a biopsy showed primary HCC. Studies in rats suggest that tamoxifen is involved in hepatic carcinogenesis but studies in humans have failed to show any increased risk. However, these studies followed up patients for less than five years. An increased risk of HCC may not become apparent until after a decade or more of tamoxifen therapy. In addition, HCC in tamoxifen treated patients may be under-reported since there may be reluctance to biopsy liver tumours which are assumed to be secondary carcinoma of the breast.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma after long-term tamoxifen therapy. 1106 18

The clinical features of metastatic gastric tumors (MGTs) have not been well documented. We present a clinical series of nine patients with MGTs. Among 2579 patients with gastric tumors seen between 1992 and 2001, we studied 9 (0.3%) patients with MGT according to a prospective database. The MGTs were diagnosed based on findings in the surgical or endoscopic specimen, and patients with malignant lymphoma or direct invasion from adjacent organs were excluded from the study. MGTs were detected simultaneously with the primary tumors in three and afterward in six patients at 14 to 74 months. The primary tumors included one each of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, signet-ring cell carcinoma of the breast, large-cell or small-cell carcinoma of the lung, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, squamous cell or epidermoid carcinoma of the uterus, and melanoma. Multiple organ metastases were present simultaneously in six patients. Although six patients underwent gastrectomy, macroscopic eradication of gastric metastatic disease was accomplished in only four, in whom a UICC R0 resection was possible in only two. Five patients were treated by chemotherapy with no apparent survival benefit. A median survival after MGT diagnosis was 170 days (range 16-892 days) for all cases, 384 days for those who underwent gastrectomy (n = 6), and 27 days for those without active treatment (n = 3) (p = 0.002). The cause of death was multiple organ metastases in most cases. Because multiple metastases are common, the prognosis of MGT is poor even after curative resection. MGT is likely to be a preterminal event, and surgical resection may be useful only for palliation.
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PMID:Clinical diagnosis of metastatic gastric tumors: clinicopathologic findings and prognosis of nine patients in a single cancer center. 1536 43