Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Inhibitory effects of adriamycin, daunomycin, actinomycin D and of the related DNA-complexes on DNA and RNA synthesis were compared by precursor uptake studies in Novikoff hepatoma cells, human mammary carcinoma cells and human leukemia cells. In addition, nuclear RNA labelling profiles were analyzed in human acute leukemia blast cells and nucleolar RNA synthesis was studied in Novikoff hepatoma cells in vitro after incubations of the tumor cells with adriamycin and DNA-adriamycin. The studies revealed that compared to the free drugs a) the DNA complexes were generally less active with respect to inhibition of overall DNA and RNA synthesis in these divergent tumor cell types, b) characteristic differences between adriamycin and daunomycin which are related to a more rapid cellular uptake of daunomycin were still present after complexing of both drugs to calf thymus DNA, and c) the intracellular mode of action of the free antibiotics was not changed by complex formation with DNA. These results indicate that a preferential incorporation of the macromolecular complexes into the tumor cells by pinocytosis--as originally postulated by Trouet et al. (1972)--is not likely for Novikoff hepatoma cells, human mammary carcinoma cells and human acute leukemia blast cells. In contrast, it may be concluded from this study that the DNA complexes dissociate already at the outer cell membrane resulting in a generally decreased but kinetically drug-specific cellular uptake. In a second communication it will be demonstrated that these in-vitro effects do not correlate with the therapeutic efficacy efficacy of the complexed drugs in vivo.
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PMID:Cytostatic efficacy of DNA-complexes of adriamycin, daunomycin and actinomycin D. I. Comparative studies in Novikoff hepatoma, human mammary carcinoma cells and human leukemic leukocytes. 19 10

The standard analytical and preparative electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel did not reveal qualitative differences in the fraction composition of c-RNA of the ascitic tumour cells (Zaidel hepatoma, Ehrlich carcinoma, NK/ly lymphoma) and normal liver cells. In vitro the tumour and normal cells efficiently incorporated the labeled uridine into the all main classes of c-RNA (4S, 18S, 28S, fractions above 28S), the process being more intensive in the tumour cells. The presence of tumours in the animal organism had a significant effect on RNA biosynthesis in the liver, the effect being dependent on the tumor nature. Lucantone (miracyl D) had practically no effect in vitro on the quantitative content of the summation c-RNA and its fractions in all cells studied. However, it markedly inhibited the metabolism of the main fractions of c-RNA in the cells of Zaidel hepatoma and Ehrlich carcinoma. The effect of lucatone in the cells of NK/ly lymphoma was contrary.
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PMID:[Molecular mechanism of the action of lucanthone on tumor and normal cells]. 19 13

Uridine kinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the activation (phosphorylation) of uridine and the corresponding chemotherapeutic analogues, is present as two isoenzymes localized exclusively in the cytosol of rapidly growing neoplasms, including the S-37 sarcoma, EL-4 leukaemia, HeLa cells (a human carcinoma) and the Novikoff hepatoma. The activities of the isolated isoenzymes are markedly decreased when the concentrations of ATP, phosphate or Mg2+ that are optimum in vitro are replaced by concentrations of ATP, phosphate or Mg2+ that are optimum in vitro are replaced by concentrations approximating to those found in vivo. Further, comparisons of the Km values of isolated uridine kinases with those for cellular uptake of pyrimidine nucleosides and their rate of intracellular phosphorylation suggest that nucleoside-transport systems play a rate-limiting role in nucleoside analogue activation and consequently that it is impossible to estimate the Km of uridine kinase in the intact cell. During the development of tumour-cell resistance to 5-fluorouracil or 5-fluorouridine in vivo there was an early differential increase in the activity of a low-affinity (high-Km) uridine kinase isoenzyme, as measured in cell extracts, and a 7-fold increase in the Km values for the uptake of both uridine and 5-fluorouridine into the intact resistant cells.
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PMID:Uridine kinase activities and pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylation in fluoropyrimidine-sensitive and -resistant cell lines of the Novikoff hepatoma. 19 85

We examined 19 hepatoma tissues for alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme and found that six have both the Kasahara isoenzyme and an alkaline phosphatase with a unique electrophoretic mobility, in addition to the liver-type enzyme. From two of six carcinoma tissues, the abnormal enzyme was partly purified and subjected to a detailed analysis, which clarified that the abnormal enzyme resembled a fetal intestinal alkaline phosphatase in most of its enzymic and immunologic properties and also in properties that reflect enzyme structure. This fetal intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase was not found in 24 specimens of normal liver from adults. The relevance of fetal intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase to Kasahara isoenzyme and adult intestinal alkaline phosphatase is discussed. The fetal and adult intestinal alkaline phosphatases differ in electrophoretic mobility, heat stability, and reactivity with concanavalin A. The adult-type enzyme has two components; only the electrophoretically slower, neuraminidase-resistant one is described here.
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PMID:A fetal intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue. 19 84

Glucocorticoid hormones specifically increase the intracellular concentration of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) RNA in a cultured cell line from a GR mouse mammary carcinoma (GR) and in an MMTV-infected rat hepatoma cell line (M1.19). In contrast, these steroids have no effect on the concentration of MMTV RNA in a lymphoma line, S49, from a Balb/c mouse. Using a molecular hybridization procedure to detect newly synthesized RNA, we have directly measured the effect of dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, on the rate of MMTV RNA synthesis. In GR cells the hormone causes a 10-fold increase in the rate of synthesis of viral RNA without appreciably affecting the overall rate of cellular RNA synthesis. The transition from the basal to the maximally stimulated rate of MMTV RNA synthesis occurs within the earliest labeling period, 0-15 min after addition of the hormone. Thus, it appears that glucocorticoids regulate MMTV genes principally by this rapid and specific alteration of their rate of transcription. Similar results are obtained in M1.19 rat hepatoma cells. In contrast, dexamethasone does not affect the rate of viral RNA synthesis in S49 lymphoma cells.
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PMID:Glucocorticoid-stimulated accumulation of mouse mammary tumor virus RNA: increased rate of synthesis of viral RNA. 19 23

The correlation between the portal circulation and esophageal varices was evaluated in 80 patients with a primary carcinoma of the liver, with special regard being given to the significance of an hepatoportal arteriovenous fistula. Hepatoportal arteriovenous fistula was found in eight patients. Esophageal varices were observed 32 of all patients with a hepatoma. On the other hand, variceal lesions were found in 17 of 52 patients without compared with all patients with an hepatoportal arteriovenous fistula. A fatal hemorrhage was frequently encountered in the patients with the fistula. It was suggested that a rational treatment for those with the triple lesions--hepatoma, esophageal varices and hepatoportal arteriovenous fistula--may be ligation of the hepatic artery.
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PMID:Hepatoportal arteriovenous fistula in primary carcinoma of the liver. 19 50

Liver biopsies from 27 Bantu patients with primary carcinoma of the liver from Malawi were examined histologically. All the biopsies showed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Structurally the tumours consisted of trabeculae or groups of such, separated by a variable amount of connective tissue which in a few cases was so pronounced that the tumour had a scirrhous character. Evaluation of the grade of differentiation showed 3 cases to be of grade I, 10 of grade II, 5 of grade III, and 8 of grade IV. The grade could bary in tumour tissue from the same patient, but never extremely so. The histological structure did not differ significantly from that found in other African and Caucasian series. The reticulin structure of tumour tissue was found distinctly different from that of benign tissue and thus an important tool in the differential diagnosis between HCC grade I and normal or cirrhotic liver tissue. Out of 15 patients 12 had cirrhosis which was of the postnecrotic type.
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PMID:Primary carcinoma of the liver. A histological study of 27 cases of primary carcinoma of the liver from Malawi. 19 80

In experiments in vitro on ascites tumor cells of Ehrlich carcinoma and Zajdela hepatoma the author studied the effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol (an agent dissociating respiration from phosphorylation) on respiration, glycolysis, resynthesis of ATP and synthesis of basic fractions of cytoplasmic RNA by the incorporation of labeled 3N-uridine precursor. It was shown that under optimum conditions of tumor cell incubation (phosphate-rich Igle medium) in the presence of 6.10(-4) M DNP a sharp activation of anaerobic glycosis is observed as well as increased O2 absorption and high level of ATP. Blocked phosphorylation associated with respiration renders no appreciable effect on the biosynthesis of basic fractions (4 S, 18 S, 28 S) of cytoplasmic RNA.
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PMID:[RNA biosynthesis in the ascitic cells of Ehrlich's carcinoma and Zajdela's hepatoma under conditions of blocked oxidative phosphorylation]. 19 51

We describe a 33 year old man who presented with epigastric pain, weight loss and hematemesis. Roentgenograms of the upper gastrointestinal tract and endoscopy demonstrated giant rugal folds, and the diagnosis of hypertrophic gastropathy was confirmed by operative biopsy. This patient's symptoms and abnormalities noted on the roentgenograms persisted until his death 16 years later. Postmortem examination confirmed the persistence of hypertrophic gastropathy and revealed, in addition, a hepatocellular carcinoma metastatic to the stomach and regional lymph nodes. A review of 120 previously reported cases of hypertrophic gastropathy with special attention to its natural history indicates that the chronic nature of this patient's illness is typical. In addition, the chance of gastric carcinoma developing in these patients is appreciable. Since the reported long-term results of operative therapy appear favorable, patients with persistent and sufficiently distressing symptoms should be considered for gastric resection.
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PMID:The natural history of hypertrophic gastrophy (Menetrier's disease). Report of a case with 16 year follow-up and review of 120 cases from the literature. 19 63

The ethanolic extract of rat skin contains epidermal G1- and G2-chalones which having been added to cell suspension of transplantable squamous-cell cornified carcinoma of mice cervix, inhibits its growth in recipients by 72,6 per cent. The same extract failed to inhibit the growth of transplantable mouse tumours of other histogenesis (hepatoma 22a, leukemia L-1210 and sarcoma 180). When added to cell suspension of transplantable carcinoma of mouse skin which had been anaplized during a long period of transplantation (over 10 years) this extract inhibits its growth by 39,2 per cent only.
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PMID:[Effect of epidermal chalones on the growth of transplantable tumors]. 19 91


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