Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Antibodies to autologous alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were produced in mice by immunization with rat AFP. C57L/J mice with or without such antibodies were inoculated sc or ip with controlled numbers of cells of the syngeneic, AFP-producing, BW 7756 hepatoma. There was a linear relationship between circulating AFP and tumor mass, with elevated AFP being detectable earlier than the tumor. The AFP levels of the immunized mice were generally lower than those of control mice, and tumors could be detected before elevated concentrations of AFP appeared in the circulation. An extensive series of transplantations with varying protocols for immunization did not protect against tumor and did not affect the rate of tumor growth.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1977 Jul
PMID:Effect of specific immunotherapy with preimmunization against alpha-fetoprotein on a mouse transplantable hepatoma. 6 32

We have carried out a prospective survey of 28 primary liver carcinomas over one year. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the commonest malignancy seen in Rhodesian blacks, which results in a high index of suspicion and accounts for the 96.4% positive diagnosis before death in this study. The age distribution was evenly spread through adult life with no definite peak incidence. Some were young and without evidence of chronic liver disease, but many had the stigmata of established hepatic disease. This contrasts with the common assertion that in areas of high incidence for primary liver cancer those affected are mainly young and lack signs of chronic liver disease. The commonest presenting symptoms were abdominal pain and swelling and weight loss. Hepatomegaly, often tender and nodular, was present in all but one. The incidence of alpha-feto protein, 46.5%, is low compared with other countries where primary liver cancer is common. Hepatitis B antigen was absent in all 28, suggesting that there is no association between the persistence of the antigen and hepatocellular carcinoma in Rhodesia. Liver function tests, although abnormal, were never diagnostic of primary liver cancer. We have confirmed the association of high alcohol consumption and cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma in the Rhodesian African. 6 99

Eight patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and positive serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were treated by hepatic artery legation and postoperative chemotherapy. Three patterns of clinical response were discerned. First, a marked decrease in AFP levels was found in five patients following the treatment. Three of these patients are alive, all with lowered or normal serum AFP levels at 20, 22, and 60 weeks after operation. Second, two patients displayed only a transient decrease in AFP levels followed by a gradual increase. Third, there was a continuous increase in AFP levels in one patient who showed no clinical improvement. The serum AFP levels in each case appeared to correlate with the prognosis of these patients. Thus, serial measurements of AFP levels may provide an index to assess the clinical result of hepatic artery ligation in patients affected with hepatoma.
Cancer 1977 Aug
PMID:Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels after hepatic artery ligation and postoperative chemotherapy: correlation with clinical status in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 7 Feb 65

The serum alphafetoprotein level (AFP) was studies in 125 histologically verified cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 66 other malignancies, 74 cases of cirrhosis of the liver, 60 of chronic aggressive hepatitis, 12 of chronic persistent hepatitis, 16 of subacute hepatitis, 36 of acute viral hepatitis, and 13 healthy hepatitis B-surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers. Double immunodiffusion and radioimmunoassay (RIA) were used in all cases. AFP greater than 10 ng-ml appeared in 90% of the cases, and was above 400 ng/ml in 69%. In 80% of those above 400 ng/ml, AFP could also be demonstrated by immunodiffusion. The AFP level in hepatocellular carcinoma was discovered to decline as the age increased. It also appeared to be related to the tumor cell type; the relatively immature cell type was more frequently associated with a higher AFP level. The presence of HBsAg did not influence the AFP level. Although the AFP in other malignancies and liver diseases ranged abnormally from 14 to 69%, the level did not exceed 400 ng/ml as in our cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (except in one case). Thus, this figure provides a diagnostic serum level of AFP for the identification of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Cancer 1977 Aug
PMID:Serum alphafetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma. 7 Feb 68

Hepatomas secreting large amounts of alpha-fetoprotein were induced in Fischer rats by the continuous feeding of 0.06% 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene. Serum alpha-fetoprotein concentrations in the 59 hepatoma-bearing rats ranged from 92--3260 microgram/ml (mean, 972 microgram/ml; median, 830 microgram/ml) at the time of primary tumor transplantation.
Cancer Lett 1977 Jul
PMID:Induction of hepatomas secreting large amounts of alpha-fetoprotein. 7 Feb 69

Human alpha-fetoproteins were purified from umbilical cord serum and from ascites fluid of a patient with hepatoma by affinity chromatography, and their chemical compositions and terminal sequences were compared. The amino acid compositions of these alpha-fetoproteins were similar and in good agreement with the values reported by other investigators. The COOH-terminal 5-amino acid sequence determined by carboxypeptidase digestion and the NH2-terminal 20-amino acid sequence determined by an automated sequence analyzer revealed that both alpha-fetoproteins had the same terminal sequences of amino acids. The sequence analysis showed that a part of each of the proteins lacked its NH2-terminal residues for one or three amino acids. A small difference in the carbohydrate composition of each alpha-fetoprotein was observed. It was concluded that alpha-fetoproteins from fetal serum and from ascites fluid of a patient with hepatoma had very similar structures.
Cancer Res 1977 Oct
PMID:Comparative chemical structures of human alpha-fetoproteins from fetal serum and from ascites fluid of a patient with hepatoma. 7 Nov 98

Complementary DNA (cDNA)-oligodeoxythmidylate-celluloses were prepared from cDNA copies of polysomal messenger RNA (mRNA) of Novikoff hepatoma, normal rat liver, and regenerating rat liver. cDNA synthesis with reverse transcriptase was approximately 46% with respect to input mRNA with oligodeoxythymidylate-cellulose primer. The cDNA's of normal liver, regenerating liver, and Novikoff hepatomas were used as affinity matrices for hybridization of different mRNA species. Under the conditions used, degradation of mRNA was not detected. After normalization for homologous hybridization efficiency, 53 and 65% of the Novikoff hepatoma mRNA bound to normal liver and regenerating liver cDNA's. Under these conditions an average of 82% of mRNA of normal liver bound to regenerating liver cDNA, and 92% of regenerating liver mRNA bound to normal liver cDNA. The bound and unbound mRNA's were analyzed by translation in the wheat germ system; 2-D gel analysis of the proteins synthesized in the wheat germ system indicated that the cDNA affinity columns selectively adsorbed some mRNA species.
Cancer Res 1977 Oct
PMID:Adsorption of messenger RNA of Novikoff hepatoma, normal liver, and regenerating liver on complementary DNA-cellulose affinity matrices. 7 Dec

The levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were determined with radioimmunoassay in 63 samples of either pleural or peritoneal effusions. All samples were collected from 53 patients suspected for malignancy and were also studied with the routine cytological techniques. Elevated levels of CEA (above 20 ng/ml) were found in 14 out of 29 cytologically positive samples, in none of 6 cytologically suspected and of 14 cytologically negative samples. The highest levels of CEA (above 1,000 ng/ml) were found in samples from patients with gastrointestinal carcinomas, while negative results were most often found in lymphoreticular and ovarian malignancies. Elevated levels of AFP (above 5 ng/ml) were found in 9 samples (5 cytologically positive and 4 negative). Five of these exudates were negative for CEA. Positive results of AFP were most frequently found in samples derived from patients with secondary or primary liver tumours. The highest levels of AFP (6 and 30 ng/ml), were determined in samples of two hepatoma patients. The combined cytological and radioimmunological studies suggested malignancy in 52 out of 63 samples while cytology alone detected either neoplastic or suspected cells in 35 samples only.
 ...
PMID:The correlation of routine cytology with the contents of carcinoembryonic antigen and alpha-fetoprotein in pleural and peritoneal effusions. 7 84

A method for the purification of human alpha1-fetoprotein from the ascites fluid of a hepatoma-bearing patient is described that is capable of yielding large quantities of pure alpha1-fetoprotein within a relatively short period of time. The technique is based entirely on the physicochemical properties of the alpha1-fetoprotein molecule and uses sequential purification steps: ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50, molecular-sieve chromatography on Sephadex G-200, negative-affinity chromatography on Sepharose-Blue Dextran, positivepaffinity chromatography on concanavalin A-Sepharose and, finally, molecular-sieve chromatography on Sephadex G-100. The efficiency of the entire procedure in its present form is 15% of the alpha1-fetoprotein activity of the starting preparation from ascites fluid. The purity of the final product was shown by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, radioimmunoelectrophoresis, and determinations of the NH2-terminal and COOH-terminal amino acid residues of the alphs1-fetoprotein isolated. Amino acid analysis of the final product revealed a composition very similar to those reported for alpha-fetoprotein preparations that have been previously isolated by the use of immunochemical technology.
Cancer Res 1978 Jan
PMID:Physicochemical approach to the purification of human alpha1-fetoprotein from the ascites fluid of a hepatoma-bearing patient. 7 14

The present paper describes the present status of clinical tests for cancer in Japan. Since no cancer-specific substance has been found so far the clinical tests for cancer at present are always quantitative but not qualitative. Among these substances, alpha-fetoprotein is one of the most specific substances for cancer and its test is essential for diagnosis of hepatoma beins used worldwide. AFP is a specific product of liver cancer cells. The measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen in patient blood is a hopeful method for cancer diagnosis. This substance is not specifically produced by cancer cells, but the phenomenon of appearance in bloodstream appears to be cancer-specific. This may reflect the invasion of blood vessels in tissues such as colorectum, lung, etc., by infiltration of cancer cell. This is the reason for the appearance of CEA in a wide variety of cancers. There are many other clinical tests at present but these are only secondary aids for the diagnosis of cancer. This is the reason why the description concentrates mostly on AFP and CEA. The companies manufacturing the kits for these tests in Japan are also listed in this paper.
 ...
PMID:The development of laboratory tests for cancer in Japan with special reference to carcinoembryonic proteins. 7 74


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>