Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 187 sera positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg) were collected from blood banks and clinics representative for the various regions of Poland. 139 sera were from symptomless carriers of HBSAg, 34 sera--from patients with acute hepatitis, and 14 sera--from patients with chronic hepatitis. In the group of HBSAg carriers, subtype HBSAg/adw was found in 80,6% of cases, and sybtype HBSAg/ayw--in 19.4% of cases; in patients with acute hepatitis subtype adw was found in 82,5% of cases, and subtype ayw--in 17,5% of cases; in patients with chronic hepatitis subtype adw was found in 78,6% of cases, and subtype ayw--in 21,4% of cases.
Acta Haematol Pol
PMID:[Subtypes of HBs antigen in Poland]. 98 66

Twenty-six human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected asymptomatic patients with CD4+ lymphocytes > 400 per mm3 were randomly allocated to a range of doses of recombinant gp160 or a control (recombinant hepatitis B vaccine) on a double-blind basis. Each patient received an injection at 0, 4, 12, 24, 36, and 48 weeks. Treatment assignments were decoded when all patients reached 28 weeks of the study period. HIV-1-specific CD4+ and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activities were assessed in vitro before vaccination and 2 weeks after each injection. There were significant increases in major histocompatibility complex-restricted HIV-1 Env-specific CD4+ and CD8+ CTL activities in 18 of 21 gp160 vaccinees. No control-injected patients showed a significant change. Neither gp160 nor control recipients showed significant changes in HIV-1 Gag- and Pol-specific CTL activities. HIV-1 Env-specific CD4+ and CD8+ CTL precursor frequencies were also measured in three vaccinees before and at 24 weeks after vaccine was started. CTL precursor frequencies also increased in both CD4+ and CD8+ populations. This study shows that this gp160 vaccine is immunogenic in enhancing HIV-1 Env-specific cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immunity in HIV-seropositive individuals.
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PMID:Enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific CD4+ and CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activities in HIV-infected asymptomatic patients given recombinant gp160 vaccine. 136 Jun 65

In the years 1980-1988 twenty five drug addicts were identified among 1841 patients hospitalized for acute hepatitis in the Dep. of Hepatology at the Institute of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in Warsaw. 15 drug addicts had hepatitis B and 10 had hepatitis A. It was found, that the course of acute type B hepatitis was milder in drug addicts, than among control group consisting of non-addicts.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Hepatitis B among drug addicts]. 143 23

The hepatitis B virus, although containing a DNA genome, replicates by reverse transcription of an RNA pregenome. The viral Pol gene encodes the reverse transcriptase which catalyzes viral DNA synthesis. To study the interaction of this protein with HBV RNA, the entire Pol gene product was expressed except its eight amino-terminal codons in Escherichia coli as fusion protein with beta-galactosidase. In the absence of competing nucleic acids full-length expression products were able to nonspecifically bind in vitro synthesized HBV RNAs of different polarity and length. However, if competed with an excess of unspecific RNA, only those HBV RNAs were bound which contained besides the direct repeats 1 and 2 nucleotide sequences downstream of direct repeat 1. The corresponding binding site was found to be located within the adjacent 134 nucleotides downstream of DR1. We conclude from our data that this region which is in part homologous to the U5 region of retroviral genomes may be important for the binding of the HBV Pol gene product to the viral pregenome.
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PMID:Identification of a binding site in the hepatitis B virus RNA pregenome for the viral Pol gene product. 170 31

The aim of the study was to evaluate the liver blood flow at different stages of hepatitis B as compared with prehepatic block. The examination was performed on 79 children aged 1-17 years who were divided in two groups. Group 1 consisted of 20 children with HBV chronic active hepatitis B: 10 children with liver efficiency (Gr. 1A) and 10 with liver cirrhosis (intrahepatic block) Gr. 1B. Group 2 comprised 59 children with prehepatic block. The liver blood flow was assessed with the help of a radioisotope liver scintiscan by the first flow technique using 99mTc-DTPA. The ratio of portal to total liver blood flow (HPI) and time of portal blood flow (T1/2) were estimated. In children from group 1A the HPI mean was 57% (N over 75%) and T1/2 was 7-8 sec (N4-7 sec) depending on age. In Group 1B the HPI mean was 25% and T1/2 was 9-13 sec. In most of the children with prehepatic block HPI was low (mean 22%) and was similar to that in children with cirrhosis due to HBV. The arterial blood flow increased while HPI showed a distinct decrease.
Mater Med Pol
PMID:Evaluation of the liver blood flow in the children with portal hypertension. 184 32

In the years 1986-90 530 consecutive patients with acute hepatitis were hospitalized in the Department of Hepatology of the Institute of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in Warsaw. Hepatitis A was diagnosed in 34 cases (6.4%), hepatitis B in 436 (82.3%), CMV infection in 5 (0.9%) and 55 cases (10.4%) were classified as hepatitis non-A, non-B. In 47 cases (85%) of non-A, non-B hepatitis in 8 (15%) the source of infection was unclear. In 50% of patients with parenteral exposure transaminases remained elevated for longer than 6 months, while all patients with no known exposure recovered.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1991 Mar
PMID:[Non-A, non-B hepatitis--epidemiologic and clinical aspects]. 190 2

In 100 adult patients with severe haemophilia A (78 patients) and B (22 patients) sera were screened for the presence of serological markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and liver function tests were performed which included measurement of serum aminotransferase AST and ALT activities, total bilirubin concentration and plasma levels of factor VII and X. In all the patients at least one out of five determined HBV markers (HBsAg. HBeAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc and anti-HBe) was detected. HBsAg was found in 10% of the patients, and its prevalence in haemophiliacs B was higher than than observed in haemophiliacs A (22.7% and 6.4%, respectively). HBsAg appeared more frequently in patients receiving factor VIII concentrates (16.7%) than in those treated with cryoprecipitate (4.5%). Anti-CMV antibody was detected in sera of 98% of the patients. In 1/3 samples of cryoprecipitate anti-HBc or anti-HBs were present, and in the half of samples anti-CMV occurred. Abnormal liver function tests indicating chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis were obtained in 8 patients. Raised ALT activity which could suggest chronic infection with non-A, non-B virus occurred in 6 cases. The present study indicates that haemophiliacs frequently transfused with plasma products are at high risk for viral infections leading to liver dysfunction.
Acta Haematol Pol
PMID:[Serological markers of hepatitis B virus and cytomegalovirus in patients with hemophilia]. 217 33

To clarify the significance of the X gene of hepatitis B virus, we have tested for anti-HBx in the serum and HBxAg in the liver at different stages of the natural history of hepatitis B virus infection. Sera were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and positive results confirmed by immunoblot. Purified recombinant MS2 Pol-HBx fusion protein was used as target for both assays. Among serial sera of patients with nonfulminant acute hepatitis, 24 of 64 patients (37.5%) were positive for anti-HBx. In fulminant cases, 15 of 36 patients (42%) had anti-HBx. In chronic hepatitis patients with high rates of hepatitis B virus replication, we found a significantly (p less than 0.01) higher prevalence of anti-HBx, 14 of 25 patients (56%), than in those with low replication, 14 of 66 patients (21%), or among asymptomatic HBsAg carrier blood donors (20 of 126 = 16%) without detectable hepatitis B virus replication (p less than 0.0001). The highest prevalence of anti-HBx was found in HBsAg carriers with cirrhosis (41 of 54 patients = 76%) and/or with hepatocellular carcinoma (18 of 33 patients = 54%). The findings suggest that anti-HBx appears as a common and early marker of hepatitis B virus infection, transient in self-limited hepatitis but persisting with progression to chronicity. In chronic hepatitis, the prevalence of anti-HBx correlated with the intensity and duration of hepatitis B virus replication but neither with the severity of the liver disease nor with malignant transformation per se.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Early and frequent detection of HBxAg and/or anti-HBx in hepatitis B virus infection. 225 44

The nucleotide sequence of the human spumaretrovirus (HSRV) genome was determined. The 5' long terminal repeat region was analyzed by strong stop cDNA synthesis and S1 nuclease mapping. The length of the RU5 region was determined and found to be 346 nucleotides long. The 5' long terminal repeat is 1,123 base pairs long and is bound by an 18-base-pair primer-binding site complementary to the 3' end of mammalian lysine-1,2-specific tRNA. Open reading frames for gag and pol genes were identified. Surprisingly, the HSRV gag protein does not contain the cysteine motif of the nucleic acid-binding proteins found in and typical of all other retroviral gag proteins; instead the HSRV gag gene encodes a strongly basic protein reminiscent of those of hepatitis B virus and retrotransposons. The carboxy-terminal part of the HSRV gag gene products encodes a protease domain. The pol gene overlaps the gag gene and is postulated to be synthesized as a gag/pol precursor via translational frameshifting analogous to that of Rous sarcoma virus, with 7 nucleotides immediately upstream of the termination codons of gag conserved between the two viral genomes. The HSRV pol gene is 2,730 nucleotides long, and its deduced protein sequence is readily subdivided into three well-conserved domains, the reverse transcriptase, the RNase H, and the integrase. Although the degree of homology of the HSRV reverse transcriptase domain is highest to that of murine leukemia virus, the HSRV genomic organization is more similar to that of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses. The data justify classifying the spumaretroviruses as a third subfamily of Retroviridae.
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PMID:Analysis of the primary structure of the long terminal repeat and the gag and pol genes of the human spumaretrovirus. 245 55

We have used activity gel analysis and immunoblotting to provide evidence linking the hepatitis B virus (HBV) reverse transcriptase with its longest unassigned open reading frame (polymerase [Pol]-ORF). Activity gel analysis demonstrated that infectious HBV particles secreted by the Hep 2.2.15 cell line contain major (approximately 70 kilodaltons [kDa]) and minor (approximately 90 kDa) reverse transcriptase activities. By Western immunoblotting, we detected in both HBV particles and Hep 2.2.15 cell extract a approximately 70-kDa Pol-specific peptide. This approximately 70-kDa peptide reacted with antisera directed against the carboxy terminus of the pol gene product. No such immunoreactivity was observed with antisera against the amino terminus of the Pol peptide. The reverse transcriptase protein which was eluted from the major approximately 70-kDa region detected on an activity gel reacted with Pol-specific antisera. Furthermore, reverse transcriptase activity was immunoprecipitated from dissociated HBV particles by using Pol-specific antisera. On the basis of our results, we suggest that HBV encodes its reverse transcriptase from the Pol-ORF.
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PMID:The hepatitis B virus-associated reverse transcriptase is encoded by the viral pol gene. 246 75


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