Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an unusual form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which is characterized by lymphomatous effusion in body cavities, but no associated mass lesions. It is usually associated with an immunodeficient state most often with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We describe a 54-year-old man with HIV-negative PEL, with a history of hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis. Both abdominal and pleural cavities were involved; no solid tumor masses were found and bone marrow investigations were normal. The ascites and pleural effusion contained numerous pleomorphic lymphoid cells. Immunophenotyping was positive for CD138. Chromosome study showed complex cytogenetics. The genomic human herpesvirus-8 was detected in the lymphoma cells. It is postulated that the immunosuppressed state in this patient may have been caused by cirrhosis. The patient received four cycles of chemotherapy of CHOP and Picibanil (OK-432) intraperitoneal administration. However, no durable remission was achieved. Adefovir failed to halt the progressive liver failure after the development of YMDD mutant related to lamivudine. He died of sepsis and hepatic failure.
 ...
PMID:Primary effusion lymphoma involving both pleural and abdominal cavities in a patient with hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis. 1758 46

Recently, a human/mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody, rituximab, has been successfully used to treat cases of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and some autoimmune diseases. However, several viral infections related to rituximab have been reported in the literature, but were not well characterized. To further investigate this topic, relevant English language studies were identified through Medline. There were 64 previously reported cases of serious viral infection after rituximab treatment. The median age of the cases was 61 years (range: 21 - 79). The median time period from the start of rituximab treatment to viral infection diagnosis was 5.0 months (range: 1 - 20). The most frequently experienced viral infections were hepatitis B virus (HBV) (39.1%, n = 25), cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) (23.4%, n = 15), varicella-zoster virus (VZV) (9.4%, n = 6), and others (28.1%, n = 18). Of the patients with HBV infections, 13 (52.0%) died due to hepatic failure. Among the 39 cases that had viral infections other than HBV, 13 died due to these specific infections. In this study, about 50% of the rituximab-related HBV infections resulted in death, whereas this was the case in only 33% of the cases with other infections. Close monitoring for viral infection, particularly HBV and CMV, in patients treated with rituximab should be recommended.
 ...
PMID:Rituximab-related viral infections in lymphoma patients. 1761 49

Several studies have suggested an association between Hepatitis C and B viruses (HCV and HBV) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). In the present study we have searched for viral genomes and antigens in the malignant lymphoma tissues as well as their seroprevalence. Antibodies against Hepatitis C as well as HCV RNA and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were determined for 29 newly diagnosed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as well as RT-PCR and compared with 36 apparently healthy individuals as a control group for viral markers. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was performed on paraffin embedded tissues for the NS3 of HCV and for HBsAg of HBV using the immunoperoxidase technique. Paraffin embedded lymph nodes (LN) were studied for the presence of viral sequences. Ten non-metastatic lymph nodes (LN) from cancer cases other than NHL were used as a control for IHC and molecular studies. HCV was significantly more encountered in patients with NHL when compared to controls for both antibodies (27.6% versus 8.3% of serum controls; p = 0.04), and antigens studied by IHC in the involved LN (41% versus 10% of tissue controls; p = 0.06). Although HBsAg positivity was not different in NHL patients when compared to controls (6.9% and 2.7%); yet it was significantly more encountered in LN of NHL patients (p = 0.04). HBV-DNA was detected in 27.5% of patient's samples and none of the controls. In conclusion, overall our findings confirm the presence of HBV and HCV antigens and viral sequences in the involved LNs of NHL patients, except for HCV RNA which perhaps necessitates fresh and not paraffin embedded tissues. These results strengthen the assumption that these viruses may be involved in the development of NHL.
 ...
PMID:Viral genomes and antigen detection of hepatitis B and C viruses in involved lymph nodes of Egyptian non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. 1797 55

CD34+-selected peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) may not only reduce contaminated tumor cells but also compromise immunologic reconstitution and increase incidence of infections after transplantation. We analyzed the incidence of virus reactivation in CD34+-selected PBPCs autologous transplantation. From December 2001 to December 2004, ten high-risk aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients were enrolled in a program of high-dose chemotherapy plus autologous CD34+-selected PBPCs support. Viral screening studies, including clinical symptoms, physical examinations, hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA, cytomegalovirus (CMV)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), rapid diagnosis of fluorescent antibody stain for herpes-simplex virus (HSV), and viral culture from blood, fluid or tissue were performed weekly during the first 3 months and then monthly for 1 year. Two of four patients (50%) who were HBV carriers developed HBV reactivation. The other two HBV carriers who received prophylactic lamivudine therapy did not develop HBV reactivation. Two patients (20%) developed cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, and three patients (30%) developed HSV infection in total ten serum-positive patients. The possibility of virus reactivation might increase in NHL patients undergoing autologous CD34+-selected PBPC transplantation. Administering prophylactic antivirus therapy and closely following patient's clinical viral complications should be considered.
 ...
PMID:Virus reactivation in high-risk non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients after autologous CD34+ -selected peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation. 1831 82

Several reports recently found that patients with B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) had a higher carrier rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The current study aimed to examine the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status of NHL patients in Taiwan, an HBV-endemic area. Serum HBV and serum hepatitis C virus were measured in 471 NHL patients and 1,013 non-lymphoma cancer patients enrolled between February 2000 and March 2007. Furthermore, nested polymerase chain reaction of HBV-DNA was used to examine the sera from selected patients in these two populations and healthy volunteers for the presence of occult HBV infection. The infection rates (as indicated by the rates of HBsAg and occult HBV) were compared between different groups. There was a higher incidence of HBV infection in B cell NHL patients (23.5%), especially patients with diffuse large B lymphoma, than solid tumor patients (15.6%, P = 0.001). Among HbsAg-negative patients, those with B cell NHL had a higher prevalence of occult HBV infection (6%) than those with non-lymphoma solid tumors and healthy volunteers, 0% and 0.9%, respectively (P = 0.005). B cell NHL patients, even HBsAg-negative B cell NHL patients, but not T cell NHL patients, have a higher incidence of HBV infection than patients with solid tumors. Our findings support the etiologic role of HBV infection in B cell NHL.
 ...
PMID:High prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in patients with B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1832 83

This study assessed the association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a highly HBV-endemic area. The prevalence of either HBV or HCV infection in 235 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was compared with that of an age- and sex-matched hospital control group of 235 patients. The prevalence of HBV infection was higher in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (15.5%) than control (8.1%), but the prevalence of HCV infection in the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients (2.1%) and control group (3%) was similar. HBV prevalence increased significantly with age in the B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. The presence of HBV proteins and DNA in lymphoma tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HBV-infected non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients was also investigated using immunohistochemistry and PCR. HBV DNA was frequently detected in PBMCs from HBV-infected non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients, but HBV antigens were not. Therefore, HBV infection, but not HCV infection, was associated with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Korea, suggesting a possible role for HBV in the development of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
 ...
PMID:High prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Korea. 1842 41

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), mainly B lymphocytes and monocytes. The frequency of PBMC infection is higher in patients with ongoing HBV replication, but can persist for years after the complete resolution of an acute episode of hepatitis B. Infected PBMCs can act as reservoirs for the cell-to-cell transmission of the virus, and vertical transmission studies indicate that the HBV-infected PBMCs of mothers may act as a vector for intrauterine HBV infection. Recent data evaluated whether HBV occult infection could co-operate with HCV infection in the pathogenesis of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) and lymphoma and/or whether it may be implicated in the pathogenesis of MC and malignant diseases -B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) also independently from HCV. The treatment of chronic HBeAg-negative hepatitis B is intended to ensure the long-term suppression of HBV replication with the aim of halting the progression of liver damage and preventing the development of liver-related complications. This can be done by means of short-term "curative" treatment or long-term "suppressive" therapy. The first approach requires a 48-week course of peginterferon, which controls viral replication (HBV DNA <10.000 copies/ml) in 20-30% of patients; the second requires the long-term (possibly lifetime) administration of nucleoside and/or nucleotide analogues. As none of the currently available drugs alone suppresses viral replication (HBV DNA <200 copies/ml) for five years in all patients, some require a rescue therapy based on the addition of a non-cross-resistant drug, which should be given as early as possible ("on demand" combination therapy). However, the currently available anti-HBV analogues can easily suppress HBV replication for five years in most HBeAg-negative patients. As both strategies have their pros and cons, the best approach needs to be carefully evaluated on an individual basis.
 ...
PMID:Hepatotropic viruses: new insights in pathogenesis and treatment. 1857 Jul 52

In Taiwan, hematopoietic SCT (HSCT) has been used to treat patients with hematological diseases since 1983. Since then, more than 2200 patients have undergone HSCT in 15 large hospitals. The disease entities included acute leukemia in 37% of cases, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 26%, CML in 10%, multiple myeloma in 7% and severe aplastic anemia in 6%. The conditioning regimens used were mainly myeloablative (84% of cases). Non-myeloablative regimens were fludarabine-based. The average age of allogeneic recipients was at least 10 years older than those in the era before their application. The grafts of all patients were derived from peripheral blood in 85% of cases, BM in 13% and cord blood (CB) in 2%. Forty percent of HSCT patients received autologous grafts, whereas more than 25% of allogeneic HSCT patients received grafts from unrelated donors, and overall, there were more than 200 Taiwan HSCT recipients. Currently, CB has been used successfully in pediatric patients with thalassemia major and also in adult patients with hematological malignancy. After transplantation, there was a relatively lower prevalence of acute GVHD. However, a relatively higher proportion of hepatitis B carriers in the recipients had led to a higher incidence of viral reactivation and clinical hepatitis, which was dramatically decreased following lamivudine prophylaxis. In conclusion, HSCT has been successfully adapted to routine clinical care in Taiwan. Several important findings contributing to the progress of HSCT in the past two decades have also been noticed on this island.
 ...
PMID:Current status of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Taiwan. 1872 86

In Taiwan, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been used to treat patients with haematological diseases since 1983. Thereafter till 2007, there were 2537 patients who had undergone HSCT in more than 15 hospitals. Their diseases included acute myeloid leukaemia in 27.8% of cases, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 23.3%, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 12.8%, chronic myeloid leukaemia 11.9%, severe aplastic anaemia 8.7%, and multiple myeloma 4.1%. Most of the cases received myeloablative conditioning regimens. More than 15% of cases received non-myeloablative regimens, and the mean age of these cases was at least 10 years older than those who received myeloablative regimens. The types of graft included peripheral blood (60.4%) and bone marrow (32.0%). A total of 35% of patients received autologous grafts. Of 1557 allogeneic HSCT patients, 338 (21.7%) received grafts from unrelated donors. Cord blood transplantation has been successfully performed in paediatric patients with thalassaemia major and with a large body size, and adult patients. The incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease was relatively low in Taiwan. On the contrary, a relatively higher proportion of hepatitis B carrier in the recipients had led to a higher incidence of reactivation hepatitis, which was markedly decreased following lamivudine prophylaxis. In conclusion, HSCT has become a routine therapy for major medical centres in Taiwan. Our unique experiences in the past decades also contributed to the progress of HSCT. With the establishment of professional association and patient supportive groups, we hope we can fully improve our daily practice and clinical as well as basic research in HSCT.
 ...
PMID:Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Taiwan: past, present, and future. 1949 90

A 49-year-old-man, a healthy carrier of hepatitis B virus (HBV), received chemotherapy with a rituximab/cyclo- phosphamide/doxorubicin/vincristine/prednisolone (R-CHOP) regimen for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. At the first course of chemotherapy, not only the liver function but the HBV DNA level was elevated. These symptoms were diagnosed as hepatic injury induced by HBV reactivation, and, therefore, entecavir (ETV) was started. As a result, although the treatment with ETV decreased the HBV DNA level, liver function values were remarkably elevated again (over 3 times the levels before beginning ETV). ETV was discontinued because of suspicion regarding the onset of hepatic injury it caused. After switching to lamivudine (LVD), the liver function quickly improved and no problems were observed with renewal of the R-CHOP regimen. In addition, the HBV DNA level decreased and 3 courses of R-CHOP were performed successfully. In our case, the hepatic injury was induced by ETV, although anti-HBV medicine was used for the treatment of HBV reactivation according to the guideline. Therefore, the medical staff must carefully and consistently observe patients with HBV infection after chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:[A case of drug-induced liver injury caused by entecavir for treatment of hepatitis B virus reactivation during RCHOP in a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma]. 1962 Aug 18


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>