Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

F-antigen is a liver-specific antigen detected with antibody, raised in allogeneic (CBA) mice, to BALB/c mouse liver extract. The authors have confirmed the hepatic specificity of this antigen by showing it to be absent in extracts of extrahepatic organs of mouse and human origin. It is present in liver extracts of guinea pigs, rats, and rabbits, as well as in liver extracts from mouse and human sources. The antigen was present in the circulation of rabbits with acute carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocellular injury. It was also demonstrated in the sera of 3 of 8 patients with acute hepatitis B antigen-positive hepatitis and in 1 of 4 patients with chronic active hepatitis. It was absent from the sera of 121 other patients with a variety of hepatic and nonhepatic diseases, and from the sera of 20 healthy subjects. The antigen is immunologically distinct from hepatitis B antigen, from the liver-specific lipoprotein antigen LP-2 of Meyer zum Buschenfeld, and from each of 15 individual human serum proteins tested.
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PMID:F-antigen: nature, liver specificity, and release in experimental liver injury. 5 3

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded autopsy tissue of liver and tumor from 50 male black mineworkers with hepatocellular carcinoma were examined by orcein stain for the presence of cytoplasmic hepatitis B surface antigen. The results were correlated with the serum hepatitis B antigen (HBAg). In 72% serum HBAg was positive. Orcein staining of nontumor liver cell cytoplasm was present in 18 (36%). Sixteen (89%) of these orcein-positive cases were serum HBAg positive. The two false negative serum HBAg results were obtained by immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis and complement fixation. Serum HBAg, measured by radio-immunoassay and hemagglutination, was positive in 14 orcein-negative cases. Six other negative orcein results appeared to be due to sampling error. Orcein staining was noted in tumor cells of three serum HBAg positive patients. Provided the limitations of the technique are realized, orcein staining of liver tissue from hepatocellular carcinoma patients may prove useful for retrospective screening surveys to assess the prevalence of HBAg positivity in these patients.
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PMID:Hepatitis B antigen in black patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation between orcein stained liver sections and serology. 7 53

The problem of the relationship between surface B antigen and schistosomiasis or other parasitic infections which are transmitted though the skin is not still resolved. Serum samples from 54 Somalian patients infected by Schistosoma haematobium were tested for the presence of the surface B antigen (HBsAg) and the e-antigen (HBeAg). The HbsAg was found in 14.8 per cent of these patients, while among controls (47 cases) the frequency was of 34.0 p]er cent; no e-antigen was found among the patients and controls, the prevalence of anti-HBs antibodies was of 57.4 per cent among the patients with urinary schistosomiasis and of 44.6 per cent among the controls; a low rate of anti-e antibodies was found in the patients (7.4%) and in the controls (10.6%). These observation seem to indicate that the problem of an increased frequency of hepatitis B virus markers among patients with urinary schistosomiasis needs for further investigation.
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PMID:[E antigen (HBeAG) and surface antigen (HBsAg) in bladder schistosomiasis]. 55 66

Sixty-six sera from leprosy patients, 42 with lepromatous leprosy (l.l.) and 24 with tuberculoid leprosy (t.l.) were examinated for the presence of e-antigen and e-antibody by immunodiffusion. The test for e-antigen was negative in all leprosy patients; e-antibodies were found in only three patients (4.5%) with l.l., all carriers of hepatitis B antigen. The HBsAg test was positive in 23.8% of the l.l. cases and in 12.5% of the t.l. cases; the anti-HBs was present in 38.1% of the l.l. cases and in 41.6% of the t.l. cases. The results suggest the possibility that the leprosy patients positive for the surface B antigen represent a very low risk and can be considered as chronic asymptomatic carriers of HBsAg.
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PMID:[The "e" antigen (HBeAg) in leprosy]. 61 1

The clinical, biochemical and immunological data of 24 hepatitis B antigen-positive and 24 hepatitis B antigen-negative patients have been compared. In B antigen-positive hepatitis, being mostly the disease of males, an acute onset was frequent and perceivable cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis not frequent. In B antigen-negative chronic active hepatitis, in addition to the predominance of females, a "primary chronic" process, cirrhosis, elevated ESR, immunocytopenia, elevated alkaline phosphatase and IgG levels were more frequent. As regards the positivity of humoral and cellular autoimmune reactions and the impairment of normal cellular immune activity, no essential differences were found between the two forms of the disease. It is concluded that though the two clinical conditions represent diseases different in aetiology and manifesting with certain clinical and biochemical differences the role of immunological factors may equally be important in their pathogenesis.
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PMID:Clinical and immunological findings in hepatitis B antigen-positive and hepatitis B antigen-negative chronic active hepatitis. 123 58

The antigen from a non-A, non-B antigen-antibody system previously described was purified and, when tested by immunodiffusion, was shown to produce patterns of identity with all antigen-positive sera of the system. The sedimentation coefficient S20,w of the antigen was estimated by rate zonal ultracentrifugation to be 48. Isopycnic ultracentrifugation in CsCl gradient of non-A, non-B antigen generated a single sedimentation peak at the density of 1.28. SDS-polyacrylamide-agarose gel electrophoresis showed that I125-labelled antigen migrated as a single band (molecular weight 3.0 X 10(6)); in addition, labelled material also migrated to the albumin region. With SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, the antigen was shown to consist of seven polypeptides. Spherical particles of 23 nm in diameter, demonstrated by electron microscopy, could be aggregated by purified non-A, non-B antibody. They probably represent the antigen and not a complete viral particle. The characteristics of this antigen associated with non-A, non-B hepatitis appear therefore to be close to those of hepatitis B surface antigen.
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PMID:Biophysical properties and morphology of purified antigen associated with non-A, non-B hepatitis. 242 65

Between Nov. 83 and Oct. 84 15 children under chemotherapy for malignant diseases, 2 relatives and 2 nurses developed hepatitis-B antigen seropositivity. Epidemiological studies gave evidence for non-parenteral spread of the infection. The course of the disease was usually asymptomatic or mild. Amongst the patients who developed hepatitis-B there was a considerable number of children who had presented with a recurrence of their malignant disease. Two characteristic cases of hepatitis B are presented showing the wide range of clinical manifestations of this disease in immunocompromised children with ALL.
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PMID:[Hepatitis B infections in cytostatically treated children]. 345 37

The ability of purified, heat-inactivated hepatitis-B antigen (HBAg) to stimulate sensitized lymphocytes in vitro was investigated with the lymphocyte stimulation test on lymphocytes from three groups of individuals. Stimulation was minimal in the lymphocytes of two out of 15 normal controls, whereas lymphocytes from nine out of 12 patients who had recovered from hepatitis B showed stimulation, as did lymphocytes from five out of 12 laboratory technicians who had been regularly exposed to HBAg but who had no history of hepatitis or signs of it in the previous two years. No differences were observed in the responses to phytohaemagglutinin of lymphocytes from persons in the three groups. HBAg and HBAg inactivated by heat were shown in immunodiffusion to be immunologically identical. Inactivated HBAg stimulated antibody production in guinea-pigs. These findings suggest that not only humoral but also cell-mediated immunity might be induced by vaccination with purified, heat-inactivated HBAg.
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PMID:Specific lymphocyte stimulation by purified, heat-inactivated hepatitis-B antigen. 420 72

The study of ten cases of cutaneous periarteritis nodosa by direct immunofluorescence microscopy of excision biopsy specimens revealed positive findings in nine. Deposition of IgM was found in the vessel walls in six cases, and C3 was observed in four; however, only in two cases was C3 found with IgM in the vessel walls. Deposits of IgM in the superficial vessels were found in five cases, although only the deep muscular vessels showed evidence of the vasculitis in cutaneous periarteritis nodosa. Serum hepatitis B antigen was absent in the nine cases that were tested. Positive immunofluorescence findings in superficial as well as in deep vessels suggest that although periarteritis nodosa is characterized by an inflammatory panarteritis, occasional vasculitis of small vessels might be expected.
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PMID:Cutaneous periarteritis nodosa: immunofluorescence studies. 610 33

The level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was estimated by radioimmunoassay or passive hemagglutination method in a series of 159 patients with liver cirrhosis, and the incidence of serum hepatitis B antigen, histopathologic features of the liver, incidence of development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and mortality in AFP-positive cases were studied. Approximately 40 per cent of the patients had an AFP level higher than 20 ng/per ml, and all the elevations of AFP over 100 ng per ml were transient. In contrast, patients who developed HCC during the course of the disease always exhibited an increasing value of AFP. The seropositivity for AFP was significantly related to the presence of serum hepatitis B surface antigen and also to liver cell dysplasia as well as to thickening of the liver cell plates. As compared with a group of AFP-negative cases, the AFP-positive group showed a higher incidence of development of HCC and poorer prognosis over a five-year follow-up period. The data obtained suggested that increased AFP-production in patients with liver cirrhosis might reflect, largely an abnormal or altered liver cell regeneration, probably associated with hepatitis B virus, and that patients with transiently elevated AFP values might be at greater risk for the development of HCC.
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PMID:Clinical implications of alpha-fetoprotein in liver cirrhosis: five-year follow-up study. 616 69


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