Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred hemophiliacs were studied for serological evidence of infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and hepatitis B virus. Ninety-eight percent had markers of hepatitis B infection, while 69% had antibody to EBV and only 42% had antibody to CMV, suggesting that factor VIII preparations do not transmit EBV and CMV efficiently. Seventy-one percent of those seropositive to EBV had an antibody pattern suggestive of active infection, as compared with 23% of healthy young adult blood donors. These findings make the patients with hemophilia an unusually favorable population for the study of the role of persistent viral infection in the immunodeficiency now found to be widespread in groups at high risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and for the contribution of CMV and EBV to AIDS itself.
 ...
PMID:Analysis of cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus antibody responses in treated hemophiliacs. Implications for the study of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. 632 57

A DNA hybridization assay was used to detect hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific DNA sequences in extracted sera obtained from chimpanzees infected with HBV, hepatitis A virus (HAV), and a factor VIII-derived non-A/non-B (NANB) agent. The results did not reveal any HBV-DNA homology with sera obtained from animals infected with HAV or factor VIII-derived NANB. Sera obtained from two HBV-infected chimpanzees demonstrated that HBV-specific DNA could be detected during the acute phase of the disease. In addition, an HBV-specific DNA-dependent DNA polymerase assay did not demonstrate any statistically significant activity in 12 of 12 NANB acute-phase specimens or in 6 of 6 NANB chronic-phase specimens. These results suggest that the factor VIII-derived NANB agent is unrelated to HBV.
 ...
PMID:Unrelatedness of factor VIII-derived non-A/non-B hepatitis and hepatitis B virus. 640 66

A prospective study of post-transfusion hepatitis was conducted in 97 adult patients undergoing open heart surgery. Twelve patients developed presumed non-A, non-B hepatitis (five of these were hospitalized and three were jaundiced), and all 12 had received clotting factors from pooled plasma (fibrinogen, factor VIII, factor IX complex) from different manufacturers. Of the remaining 85 patients none received these high risk plasma derivatives and none developed hepatitis. Multiple peak ALT elevation seems to be an indication of development of chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis. In addition to the 12 cases of presumed non-A, non-B hepatitis, nine cases of serological changes related to hepatitis B virus were observed as follows: six early booster reactions of anti-HBs, but not anti-HBc, in anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive persons; one late immunization-like response for anti-HBs and two serological hepatitis B infections without transaminase elevation. Five of the nine cases were also associated with the administration of pooled clotting factors.
 ...
PMID:Post-transfusion hepatitis and its association with pooled clotting factors. 640 30

To assess the immunologic status of healthy persons with hemophilia A, we performed studies of T cell immunity in 21 patients, 10 given only cryoprecipitate and 11 given factor VIII concentrate. Patients in the factor VIII group had significantly decreased helper/suppressor T cell ratios. Both groups had diminished mononuclear cell response to phytohemagglutinin and normal mixed lymphocyte culture, compared with controls. Abnormalities in T cell number or function did not correlate with the presence of antibody to cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, or hepatitis B. Physicians caring for patients with hemophilia A should realize that asymptomatic individuals may have early evidence of immunodeficiency.
 ...
PMID:Immunologic abnormalities in patients with hemophilia A. 641 59

beta-Propiolactone (beta-PL) in combination with UV irradiation (UV) is an established method for the sterilization of factor IX concentrate or stabilized human serum. Because of the extreme sensitivity of factor VIII to beta-PL, the standard beta-PL/UV procedure cannot be used to obtain hepatitis-safe factor VIII concentrate. It has been shown in chimpanzees that from a cryoprecipitate containing hepatitis non-A, non-B viruses in addition to hepatitis B viruses a factor VIII concentrate (160 U/10 ml) can be prepared by a modified beta-PL/UV procedure, which induces neither hepatitis B nor hepatitis non-A, non-B in experimental animals; the non-sterilized original cryoprecipitate proved to be infectious.
 ...
PMID:Factor VIII concentrate from cold sterilized human plasma. 641 93

Titrated stocks of hepatitis B virus and Hutchinson strain non-A, non-B hepatitis virus were diluted in normal serum to contain, respectively, greater than or equal to 10(6) and greater than or equal to 10(4) chimpanzee infectious doses (CID50) per milliliter and exposed to 1% Tween 80 and 20% ether at 4 degrees C for 18 h. After evaporation of the ether, the treated sera were each inoculated into two chimpanzees. The animals remained free of serologic and biochemical evidence of hepatitis during a 6-month follow-up period, and were then shown to be susceptible to infection by challenge with the original untreated inocula. To assess the effect of exposure to Tween 80/ether on coagulation factors, four lots of antihemophilic factor (AHF) concentrate and 2 lots of commercial factor IX concentrate were treated as above. For the AHF concentrate there was an average of 70% recovery of factor VIII procoagulant activity, 93% recovery of factor VIII-related antigen, and 73% recovery of fibronectin opsonin activity and no detectable change in ristocetin cofactor activity or in fibronectin antigen. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis revealed no change in migration rate of fibrinogen, fibronectin, and von Willebrand factor (vWF), although the quantity of fibrinogen was reduced. Factor VIII procoagulant activity and vWF activity remained associated during chromatography on BioGel A15.
 ...
PMID:Inactivation of hepatitis B and Hutchinson strain non-A, non-B hepatitis viruses by exposure to Tween 80 and ether. 642 34

As a result of the frequent application of factor VIII and IX concentrates of single donor cryoprecipitates as well as of concentrates from large plasma pools a very important side-effect became evident: the transmission of serum hepatitis in its two forms B and Non A Non B. Dependent on the factor dosage, up to 100% of the patients showed signs of an active hepatitis or contact of the defense system with hepatitis viruses. With increasing frequency of chronic hepatitis (65%) there is also an increase in the aggravation to liver cirrhosis which manifests itself 13 years earlier than in the normal population. In future, greatest attention will have to be devoted to avoiding the transmission of hepatitis and other viral infections by concentrates of clotting factors.
 ...
PMID:[Post-transfusion hepatitis and its sequelae in the treatment of hemophilia]. 643 78

Chromatography with a solid-phase polyelectrolyte based on ethylene maleic anhydride polyelectrolyte (EMA PE) has been shown to remove a large proportion of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), including hepatitis B virus (HBV) particles, from contaminated cryoprecipitate. This process may reduce the risk of transmission of HBV infection when factor VIII concentrates are administered.
 ...
PMID:The removal of hepatitis B virus from factor VIII concentrates by fractionation on ethylene maleic anhydride polyelectrolyte. 643 76

Sera from 63 patients with haemophilia A, 21 with haemophilia B and 29 with von Willebrand's disease were screened for the presence of circulating immune complexes (CICs), serological markers of hepatitis A and B virus, autoantibodies and factor VIII or factor IX inhibitors. CICs were detected by the 125J Clq binding assay (ClqBA), the solid phase conglutinin assay (KgBSP) and the solid phase Clq assay (ClqSP). The incidence of CICs detected by the ClqBA and the ClqSP methods in haemophiliacs and in von Willebrand patients was higher than that observed in normal subjects, while the prevalence of CICs detected by the KgBSP method was not. The presence of CICs was not correlated with patient age, severity of disease, presence of hepatitis B virus serological markers, abnormal liver function tests or factor VIII inhibitors. A significant connection was demonstrated between CICs detected by the ClqBA method and replacement therapy when the dose administered over 1 year was over 20 000 U of factor VIII or IX concentrates. The high proportion of CICs in von Willebrand's disease, not connected with the replacement therapy or the presence of serological markers of hepatitis virus, is in agreement with the possibility that immune complexes may be related to the disease itself and independent, at least in part, of exogenous agents.
 ...
PMID:Circulating immune complexes in haemophilia and von Willebrand's disease. 660 14

Transaminase values [alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST)] and markers for hepatitis B were serially determined in 558 hemophiliacs exposed to blood products. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) persistent for over 12 months was present in 6% of the patients. Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) was noted in 90% of the 259 patients treated with factor VIII or IX concentrates but in only 49% of the 43 patients treated with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or cryoprecipitate. Persistently abnormal transaminase values were noted in 31% of the patients treated with commercial concentrates but in only one (2%) of the patients exposed to cryoprecipitate or FFP. This difference continued even when the two groups of patients were matched for the amount of blood products, up to 50,000 units, which they had received in the study period. In the concentrate-treated patients, no correlation could be found between transaminase values and the number of units of factor VIII or IX they had received during the six years of the study (1973-1978).
 ...
PMID:Liver dysfunction in Pennsylvania's multitransfused hemophiliacs. 677 16


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>