Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tumor cell marker antibodies were used to analyze ten cases of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with cirrhosis. Clinically, eight of these cases gave a history of chronic alcoholism and the other two of hepatitis B virus infection. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from these cases were screened with antibodies against alpha fetoprotein (AFP), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) using the peroxidase antiperoxidase and avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase procedures. Three cases were positive for AFP, four for HBsAg, and three for CEA; two cases had both HBsAg and CEA. Alpha fetoprotein was present only in the cytoplasm of tumor cells in three cases. Hepatitis B surface antigen, on the other hand, was present in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in cirrhotic areas and, in one out of the four cases, was also present in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Carcinoembryonic antigen was seen in three cases; it was present on the surface and in the cytoplasm of proliferating ducts within the cirrhotic areas and between cell surfaces of individual tumor cells in two cases. The presence of different markers was not related to the microscopic appearance of the tumors. In one case, positivity for AFP was of diagnostic help in a tissue sample obtained by needle biopsy. The avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase procedure was more sensitive than the peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP technique in the pathological assessment of autopsy specimens. Our findings are in agreement with those of other reports and indicate that AFP and HBsAg are the most commonly found markers in hepatoma associated with cirrhosis, and that CEA staining is variable and hepatoma associated with cirrhosis, and that CEA staining is variable and probably non-contributory.
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PMID:Immunohistochemistry of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with cirrhosis. 621 34

The morphological association between lymphocytes and hepatocytes was studied at the light and electron microscopic levels by the peroxidase-labeled antibody method using mouse monoclonal antibodies against Leu-1, Leu-2a, Leu-3a, Leu-7 and Leu-10 antigens in liver biopsy specimens from patients with chronic hepatitis B. Leu-1 + cells (T cells), especially Leu-2a + cells (cytotoxic/suppressor T cells), infiltrated mostly in periportal areas with piecemeal necrosis and in parenchymal areas with focal necrosis. By double staining techniques, Leu-2a + cells were often seen in contact with hepatocytes containing membranous hepatitis B surface and/or core antigens in patients with chronic active hepatitis. At the ultrastructural level, Leu-2a + cells frequently occupied the sinusoid and also migrated into both the space of Disse and between hepatocytes. Furthermore, they often showed intimate surface-contact with hepatocytes having hepatitis B surface and/or core antigens, and, occasionally, injured hepatocytes were surrounded by several Leu-2a + cells. In contrast, Leu-3a + cells, Leu-7 + cells and Leu-10 + cells sometimes appeared in the sinusoid, but seldom in the space of Disse and between hepatocytes. These findings suggest that cytotoxic T lymphocytes may be associated with the necrosis of hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis B.
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PMID:Cellular immune response in liver of patients with chronic hepatitis B. Electron microscopic observation of lymphocyte subsets by the immunoperoxidase method using monoclonal antibodies. 624 Nov 68

The human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line PLC/PRF/5, which synthesizes and secretes hepatitis B surface antigen, was grown under optimal conditions in tissue culture, using Eagle's minimal essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 10(-11) M triiodothyronine on collagen rafts. Injection s.c. of the PLC/PRF/5 cell line into athymic BALB/c nude mice resulted in the growth of a well-circumscribed, moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. The intervals until tumor appearance and tumor "take" rates were dependent on inoculum dose. Four to 5 x 10(6) cells induced tumor growth in 29% of 14 injected mice within 29 to 40 days, while 7 to 13 X 10(6) cells induced tumors in all 15 mice within 10 to 12 days after inoculation. Hepatitis B surface antigen was detected in the nude mouse serum and tumor tissue, and its concentration roughly correlated with tumor weight. A low level of antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen was detected in five tumor-bearing animals, as well as in one mouse which did not produce a tumor. Hepatitis B core antigen and its antibody and hepatitis B e antigen and its antibody were not detected in 26 mice, using immunohistochemical and radioimmunoassay methods. alpha-Fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, and alpha-antitrypsin were detected in nude mice tumors, using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. Finally, hepatitis B virus DNA, identified in the nude mouse tumor by molecular hybridization techniques, was compared to PLC/PRF/5 cell line hepatitis B virus DNA.
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PMID:Tumorigenicity in nude mice of a human hepatoma cell line containing hepatitis B virus DNA. 626 Mar 36

In many geographical areas especially in African and South-east-Asian countries hepatitis B virus infection is considered to be a major etiological factor in the development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. 107 autopsy- and 15 biopsy-specimens were studied by means of immunohistochemistry [peroxidase-antiperoxidase-(PAP-)method] to demonstrate the association between primary hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). HBsAg was found in 8 of 107 tumour specimens (7.4%) and liver cirrhosis in 102 of the 107 autopsy specimens with hepatocellular carcinoma (95%). 10 of the 15 biopsy-specimens showed neoplastic and non-neoplastic liver tissue, and in 2 of these 10 cases HBsAg was found. Liver cirrhosis could be seen in 9 of those 10 specimens. HBsAg was also studied in 90 cases with liver cirrhosis and was found to be positive in 2 of them (2,2%). HBsAg associated with primary hepatocellular carcinoma was only found in non-neoplastic liver cells of cirrhotic livers. Our studies indicate that in our geographical area the association of HBsAg with primary hepatocellular carcinoma is much less conspicuous than in Asian, African and even Southern European communities.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical studies on the association between hepatitis B surface antigen and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (author's transl)]. 628 95

The development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is probably related to infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Hepatocytes in livers of patients with HCC have been reported to show putative preneoplastic changes such as hyperplasia, dysplasia, or adenomatous regeneration. To determine quantitatively whether these morphologic changes are associated with HBV-infected cells, the authors performed morphometry of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive hepatocytes in the nontumorous portion of 10 livers with HCC and in 10 livers without HCC. The diameter of nuclei and cytoplasm of HBsAg-positive hepatocytes was measured after demonstration of HBsAg by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. As controls, HBsAg-negative hepatocytes in the same liver sections were measured as well as hepatocytes of 20 age-matched HBsAg-negative patients with normal liver or alcoholic cirrhosis. HBsAg-positive hepatocytes exhibited significantly larger nuclei and a higher nucleocytoplasmic ratio than control hepatocytes. In addition, HBsAg-positive cells were often arranged in foci that consisted of two cell populations: hypertrophic (enlarged nuclei and nucleocytoplasmic ratio) and hyperplastic (two-cell-thick plates of small cells with a high nucleocytoplasmic ratio). While precancerous cells have been difficult to identify, these morphologic changes are frequently associated with the development of malignant neoplasia.
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PMID:Morphometric study of hepatocytes containing hepatitis B surface antigen. 632 Jun 48

Electron microscopic studies of the morphology of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) produced by PLC/PRF/5 cells in vitro were carried out. Aggregates of 20-nm spherical particles in 3-day culture supernatants were observed by immune electron microscopy (IEM). Aggregates of tubular structures were found with IEM in the extracts of the cells. Tubular structures 18 to 22 nm in diameter were seen by electron microscopy (EM) in the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum in 2-3% of the cells. The tubular structures in the cytoplasm and extracts of PLC/PRF/5 cells resembled those observed in the hepatocytes of human carriers of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Intracellular localization of HBsAg in PLC/PRF/5 cells by direct peroxidase-conjugated antibody staining was observed on the tubular structures and the cisternal wall, which contained these structures. Rotation technique analysis indicated that the tubular structures were composed of 11 or 12 subunits.
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PMID:Studies by immune electron microscopy of hepatitis B surface antigen in PLC/PRF/5 cells. 632 97

A series of 244 renal biopsy specimens obtained from patients with glomerulonephritis included 21 from patients with membranous nephropathy (MN). Of these patients 14 (10,7%) were Black, 1 was Indian and 6 were White (5,5%). It is suggested that the high frequency of MN in Black patients may be associated with the high carrier rate (7 - 10%) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the Black population. Twenty of the 21 renal specimens were investigated for deposits of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. HBsAg deposits were found in 13 of the specimens obtained from Black patients, in the specimen obtained from the Indian patient and in 1 of the 6 specimens obtained from White patients. HBV appears to be an important aetiological factor in MN in Black South African patients.
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PMID:The frequency of hepatitis B surface antigen in membranous nephropathy in black and white South Africans. 636 97

Mononuclear cells in the areas of "piecemeal" necrosis in hepatic tissues from patients with different liver diseases were subtyped using monoclonal antibodies and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. T lymphocytes were the predominant infiltrating cell type in this lesion (greater than 75% of mononuclear cells) regardless of the etiology of the liver disease. M1-positive cells represented about 20% of the infiltrate. B cells were absent and rare Leu-7-positive cells (killer, natural killer) showed random tissue distribution in both the periportal areas and the parenchyma. In contrast, the T8+ (suppressor-cytotoxic) lymphocytes accumulated selectively in the areas of piecemeal necrosis, where the tissue T4/T8 ratios were consistently less than 1. T8+ lymphocytes were also more numerous than T4+ cells around the hepatitis B surface antigen-positive hepatocytes in piecemeal necrotic areas of livers from patients with hepatitis B surface antigen-positive chronic active hepatitis. In liver tissues of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, alcoholic cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis, and rejecting liver allografts, selective accumulations of T8+ lymphocytes at the sites of hepatocyte necrosis were a characteristic and uniform finding. This subpopulation of lymphocytes may be an important part of the immunologically mediated destruction of hepatocytes that occurs in chronic active liver diseases and is characterized by piecemeal necrosis.
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PMID:Lymphocyte subpopulations at the site of "piecemeal" necrosis in end stage chronic liver diseases and rejecting liver allografts in cyclosporine-treated patients. 636 63

Delta antigen, a transmissible agent associated with hepatitis B virus, has been detected primarily in Italian patients. The preservation of delta-antigen in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver tissue enabled us to study the prevalence of this agent in our material. Using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, delta-antigen was found in 2 of 65 consecutive biopsy specimens of patients with HBsAg-positive liver disease. In addition, delta-antigen was demonstrated in 2 of 14 autopsy specimens from HBsAg-positive patients. Of the delta-antigen-positive patients, one was Italian, one was a polytransfused American-born Italian and two were American homosexuals. All four delta-Ag-positive patients had chronic active hepatitis. In one patient, the agent persisted for 5 years while chronic active hepatitis reverted to chronic persistent hepatitis during prednisone therapy. These findings suggest that transmission of delta-antigen follows that of hepatitis B virus infection, although it is relatively uncommon in New York City.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical study of delta antigen in an American metropolitan population. 636 23

Two hundred and fifty six consecutive liver biopsy specimens (without secondary malignancy) collected over five years were reviewed to characterise the pattern of liver diseases encountered in the Kuwait region. A relatively high proportion of chronic active hepatitis (19%) and cirrhosis (40%) was found. Localisation of HBsAg was carried out by the histochemical orcein method and the immunohistological peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) procedure. The PAP technique was superior to orcein both in quality and quantity in addition to its specificity. Three immunohistological staining patterns were observed: diffuse pancytoplasmic , partial perinuclear, and peripheral cytoplasmic. The positivity rate of HBsAg in chronic hepatitis was 29% and 27%, in all cases of cirrhosis. The results of immunohistology and serology of HBsAg were compared in 52 patients in whom both tests were carried out; almost one third of chronic active liver diseases were positive by both methods. Our data clearly show the sensitivity of immunohistology and its value in detecting HBsAg, especially in retrospective studies where serology is not always available. Additionally, the data show that hepatitis B infection is often associated with the development of chronic liver disease in Kuwait.
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PMID:Patterns of chronic liver disease in Kuwait with special reference to localisation of hepatitis B surface antigen. 637 31


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