Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two hepatocellular carcinomas and six hepatoblastomas were examined for the presence of 13 antigens using immunoperoxidase, avidin-biotin, staining techniques. Primary antibodies were directed against alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), lysozyme (LYS), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron specific enolase (NSE), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), hepatitis B surface antigen (HbSA), lactoferrin (LF), desmin (DES), vimentin (VIM), and keratin (KER). Except for HbSA, the antigen staining pattern was unable to differentiate between hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Both neoplasms where positive for AFP, AAT, CEA, EMA, and KER; however, neither stained for GFAP, NSE, LYS, LF, HCG, or DES. Vimentin was weakly positive in those hepatoblastomas where mesenchymal tissue was present in the tumor. Only the tissue adjacent to hepatocellular carcinomas stained positively for HbSA and correlated with the elevated serum levels of HbSA.
 ...
PMID:Patterns of antigen expression in hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in childhood. 248 9

In healthy subjects normal plasmalactoferrin (PLf) concentrations were found to be 0.206 +/- 0.06 mg/l in 49 men and 0.148 +/- 0.06 mg/l in 62 women. A highly significant correlation of PLf with the number of circulating neutrophils (PMN) and a PLf/PMN relationship suggesting proportionality was demonstrated. Among 73 patients absolute PLf concentrations were significantly increased in septicemia, cirrhosis of the liver and tumors with liver metastases, decreased in localized infection, tumors without liver involvement, iron deficiency and acute hepatitis B, and normal in acute myocardial infarction. The PLf/PMN ratio, on the other hand, was normal in liver cirrhosis, hepatitis B and in a part of the patients with septicemia and tumor disease with liver involvement. The ratio was increased in a part of the septicemic patients, and decreased in the remaining disease types. Positive PLf/PMN correlations were found in myocardial infarction, septicemia and liver cirrhosis, whereas a very close, negative correlation existed in acute hepatitis B. These findings are discussed on the basis of existing knowledge on lactoferrin physiology, the intravascular fate of PMN and the RES function.
 ...
PMID:Plasmalactoferrin and the plasmalactoferrin/neutrophil ratio. A reassessment of normal values and of the clinical relevance. 313 91

We recently reported that lactoferrin (LF), a milk protein belonging to the iron transporter family, inhibits hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in cultured human hepatocytes (PH5CH8) and that the interaction of LF with HCV is responsible for this inhibitory effect. As PH5CH8 cells were found to be a human hepatocyte line susceptible to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, we therefore examined if LF could effectively prevent HBV infection in PH5CH8 cells. Preincubation of the cell with bovine LF (bLF) or human LF (hLF) was required to prevent HBV infection of cells, and preincubation of HBV with bLF or hLF had no inhibitory effect on HBV infection. We further found that bovine transferrin, casein, and lactoalbumin had no anti-HBV activity. Our findings suggest that the interaction of LF with cells was important for its inhibitory effect, and that LF may well be among the candidates for an anti-HBV reagent that could prove effective in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:Lactoferrin inhibits hepatitis B virus infection in cultured human hepatocytes. 1239 24

Whey, a protein complex derived from milk, is being touted as a functional food with a number of health benefits. The biological components of whey, including lactoferrin, beta-lactoglobulin, alpha-lactalbumin, glycomacropeptide, and immunoglobulins, demonstrate a range of immune-enhancing properties. In addition, whey has the ability to act as an antioxidant, antihypertensive, antitumor, hypolipidemic, antiviral, antibacterial, and chelating agent. The primary mechanism by which whey is thought to exert its effects is by intracellular conversion of the amino acid cysteine to glutathione, a potent intracellular antioxidant. A number of clinical trials have successfully been performed using whey in the treatment of cancer, HIV, hepatitis B, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and as an antimicrobial agent. Whey protein has also exhibited benefit in the arena of exercise performance and enhancement.
 ...
PMID:Therapeutic applications of whey protein. 1525 75

It has been difficult to propagate and titrate hepatitis B virus (HBV) in tissue culture. We examined whether vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes bearing HBV surface (HBs) proteins infectious for human cell lines could be prepared. For this, expression plasmids for three surface proteins, L, M, and S, of HBV were made. 293T cells were then transfected with these plasmids either individually or in different combinations. 293T cells expressing HBs proteins were infected with VSVdeltaG*-G, a recombinant VSV expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP), to make VSV pseudotypes. Culture supernatants together with cells were harvested and sonicated for a short time. The infectivities of freshly harvested supernatants were determined by quantifying the number of cells expressing GFP after neutralization with anti-VSV serum and mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against HBs protein. Among 14 cell lines tested for susceptibility to HBV pseudotype samples, HepG2, JHH-7, and 293T cells were judged to be the most susceptible. Namely, the infectious units (IU) of the culture supernatant samples neutralized with anti-VSV in the absence and presence of anti-HBs S MAbs and titrated on HepG2 cells ranged from 1,000 to 4,000 IU/ml and 200 to 400 IU/ml, respectively, suggesting the presence of VSVdeltaG*(HBV) pseudotypes. This infectivity was inhibited by treatment with lactoferrin or dextran sulfate. Pretreatment of the cells with trypsin or tunicamycin inhibited plating of the pseudotype samples. The HBV pseudotypes can be used to analyze early steps of HBV infection, including the entry mechanism of HBV.
 ...
PMID:Formation of vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotypes bearing surface proteins of hepatitis B virus. 1616 Jan 84

12B75, 274150; Abacavir sulfate/lamivudine, Abatacept, Ad2/HIF-1alpha, Adalimumab, Adefovir, Adefovir dipivoxil, AGN-201904-Z, AIDSVAX, Albinterferon alfa-2b, Alemtuzumab, Aliskiren fumarate, Alvimopan hydrate, Amlodipine besylate/atorvastatin calcium, Amlodipine besylate/Olmesartan medoxomil, Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, Amodiaquine, Apaziquone, Aprepitant, Arsenic trioxide, Artesunate/Amodiaquine, Ascorbic acid, Atazanavir sulfate, Atazanavir/ritonavir, Atomoxetine hydrochloride, Atrigel-Leuprolide, Axitinib; Bevacizumab, Binodenoson, Bortezomib, Bovine lactoferrin; Calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate, Carisbamate, Certolizumab pegol, Ciclesonide, Conivaptan hydrochloride, CP-690550, CP-751871, Cypher; Dapivirine, Darbepoetin alfa, Darunavir, Dasatinib, del-1 Genemedicine, Denosumab, Desloratadine, Dexlansoprazole, DiabeCell, Drospirenone/ethinylestradiol, DTaP-HepB-IPV, Duloxetine hydrochloride, Dutasteride; Eculizumab, Eldecalcitol, Eletriptan, Emtricitabine, Entecavir, Eritoran tetrasodium, Ertapenem sodium, Escitalopram oxalate, Eslicarbazepine acetate, Esomeprazole magnesium, Estradiol acetate, Eszopiclone, ETEC vaccine, Etoricoxib, Exenatide, Ezetimibe; Fluticasone furoate, Fosmidomycin, Fosmidomycin/clindamycin; Glutamine; Heat Shock Protein 10, Hepatitis B hyperimmunoglobulin, HIV vaccine, Hochuekki-to, Human Albumin, Human papillomavirus vaccine; Immune globulin subcutaneous [human], IMP-321, Interferon omega, ISIS-301012, Istaroxime; Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine; Latanoprost/timolol maleate, Lenalidomide, Linaclotide acetate, Lumiracoxib, LY-517717; Malaria vaccine, MAS-063D, Meningitis B vaccine, Mepolizumab, Methylnaltrexone bromide, Micafungin sodium, MK-0822A, Morphine glucuronide, Morphine hydrochloride, Mycophenolic acid sodium salt; Natalizumab, Nesiritide, Norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol, NT-201; Oblimersen sodium, Olmesartan medoxomil, Olmesartan medoxomil/hydrochlorothiazide, Omalizumab, Otamixaban; Paclitaxel nanoparticles, Panitumumab, Panobinostat, Parathyroid hormone (human recombinant), Parecoxib sodium, Pegfilgrastim, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b, Pegvisomant, PI-88, Pimecrolimus, Pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine, Pneumococcal 9-valent conjugate vaccine, Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, Poloxamer-188, Prasugrel, Pregabalin, Prulifloxacin; R-109339, Ramipril/amlodipine, Ranolazine, Rasburicase, rHA influenza vaccine, Ro-50-3821, Rosuvastatin calcium, Rotavirus vaccine, Rotigotine, Ruboxistaurin mesilate hydrate; Satavaptan, SC-75416, Solifenacin succinate, Sorafenib, Sugammadex sodium, Sunitinib malate, Synthetic conjugated estrogens B; Tadalafil, Talnetant, Taxus, Tegaserod maleate, Telbivudine, Temsirolimus, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, Tetomilast, Tiotropium bromide, Tipifarnib, Tofimilast, Tremelimumab, Trimethoprim; Udenafil, Urocortin 2; Valdecoxib, Vernakalant hydrochloride; XP-828L.
 ...
PMID:Gateways to clinical trials. 1798 11

In this study, we investigated the effect of bovine lactoferrin (BLf), lactoferrin hydrolysate, or iron-, zinc-saturated lactoferrin on hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected HepG2 cells. Fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) was used to quantify HBV-DNA copies. BLf, iron- or zinc-saturated lactoferrin significantly inhibited the amplification of HBV-DNA in a dose-dependent manner in HBV-infected HepG2 cells. However, the inhibitive effect of lactoferrin hydrolysate on HBV-DNA copies was insignificant. These findings suggest that BLf inhibits the function of HBV by integrated structure. In conclusion, BLf, iron- or zinc-saturated BLf is one of the candidates for anti-HBV reagents in treatment of patients with hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:Inhibition of HBV infection by bovine lactoferrin and iron-, zinc-saturated lactoferrin. 1881 Apr 91

Mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is among the most important causes of chronic HBV infection and is the commonest mode of transmission worldwide. Currently, the presence of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA in breast milk is confirmed. Several studies have reported that breastfeeding carries no additional risk that might lead to vertical transmission. Beyond some limitations, the surveys have not demonstrated any differences in HBV transmission rate regarding feeding practices in early childhood. Promotion of breastfeeding is substantial, especially for low-income individuals and regions with uncertain, unfeasible, and unsafe water supplies. Lactoferrin, minimal inflammation or activation within the infant gut during exclusive breastfeeding, and nonspecific biological molecules in the milk are identified as major factors of breast-milk defense. This review discusses preemptive antiviral therapy during pregnancy and lactation. Long-term follow up of breast-milk HBV concentrations and correlation with serum viral load; nucleos(t)ide analogue concentrations in breast milk in HBV-positive mothers in the setting of chronic HBV infection; safety of antiviral therapy during pregnancy and lactation; and the difference in viral load in the milk in exclusive or non-exclusive breastfeeding are still open questions. The paper reviews the current data and outlines the course of further investigation into this often underestimated issue.
 ...
PMID:Breastfeeding and chronic HBV infection: clinical and social implications. 2097 40

Lactoferrin (Lf) was shown to exhibit its antiviral activity at an early phase of viral infection and a mechanism whereby the protein interacts with host cell surface molecules has been suggested. In this study, human Lf (HLf) and seven HLf-derived synthetic peptides (HLP) corresponding to the N-terminal domain of the native protein (1-47 amino acids sequence) were assayed for their capacity to prevent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and replication using the HepaRG and HepG2.2.2.15 cell lines. Of the series tested, four peptides showed 40-75% inhibition of HBV infection in HepaRG cells, HLP1-23 , containing the GRRRR cationic cluster, being the most potent. Interestingly, this cluster is one of the two glycosaminoglycan binding sites of the native HLf involved in its antiviral activity; however, the mechanism of the HLP1-23 action was different from that of the full-length protein, the peptide inhibiting HBV infection when pre-incubated with the virus, while no effect was observed on the target cells. It is suggested that the cationic cluster is sufficient for the peptide to interact stably with negatively charged residues on the virion envelope, while the absence of the second glycosaminoglycan binding site prevents its efficient attachment to the cells. In conclusion, this peptide may constitute a non-toxic approach for potential clinical applications in inhibiting HBV entry by neutralizing the viral particles.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of the anti-HBV activity of HLP1-23, a human lactoferrin-derived peptide. 2350 3

Milk contains an array of proteins with useful bioactivities. Many milk proteins encompassing native or chemically modified casein, lactoferrin, alpha-lactalbumin, and beta-lactoglobulin demonstrated antiviral activities. Casein and alpha-lactalbumin gained anti-HIV activity after modification with 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride. Many milk proteins inhibited HIV reverse transcriptase. Bovine glycolactin, angiogenin-1, lactogenin, casein, alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin, bovine lactoferrampin, and human lactoferrampin inhibited HIV-1 protease and integrase. Several mammalian lactoferrins prevented hepatitis C infection. Lactoferrin, methylated alpha-lactalbumin and methylated beta-lactoglobulin inhibited human cytomegalovirus. Chemically modified alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin and lysozyme, lactoferrin and lactoferricin, methylated alpha-lactalbumin, methylated and ethylated beta-lactoglobulins inhibited HSV. Chemically modified bovine beta-lactoglobulin had antihuman papillomavirus activity. Beta-lactoglobulin, lactoferrin, esterified beta-lactoglobulin, and esterified lactoferrindisplayed anti-avian influenza A (H5N1) activity. Lactoferrin inhibited respiratory syncytial virus, hepatitis B virus, adenovirus, poliovirus, hantavirus, sindbis virus, semliki forest virus, echovirus, and enterovirus. Milk mucin, apolactoferrin, Fe(3+)-lactoferrin, beta-lactoglobulin, human lactadherin, bovine IgG, and bovine kappa-casein demonstrated antihuman rotavirus activity.
...
PMID:Antiviral activities of whey proteins. 2619 83


1