Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors present the results of observations over 407 children aged from 2 months to 16 years from the foci of viral hepatitis in children's collective bodies. During the quarantine a determination was made in children of the glutamic-pyroracemic, glutamic-oxalic transaminases (GPT and GOT, respectively) and of the hepatitis B antigen (HBAg). A necessity of using the enzymatic tests for the purpose of early diagnosis of viral hepatitis was shown, since 84% of the cases developing in the next focus coursed as an unicteric form without any markked clinical signs; HBAg was revealed in 6.1% of the children examined. A complex examination of the personnel and of the persons who came in contact with the patients with viral hepatitis showed the ways of spread of hepatitis B in a collective body; it was found that the viral hepatitis B infection took place both by parenteral and enteral routes. The expediency of active observation over the children, recipients of blood and plasma, with determination in them of the activity of the enzymes and HBAg for early diagnosis of parenteral infection was substantiated. It was also shown that the incidence of the unicteric forms of viral hepatitis in a focus of infection depended not on the periods of gamma-globulin administration but on the age of children who contracted the infection. Thus, the prevalence of the unicteric forms of the disease over the icteric ones in children under 3 years of age was more pronounced than in older children.
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PMID:[Spread of viral hepatitis in organized children's collectives and the methods for its early diagnosis]. 5 73

In 73 patients with HBsAg negative hepatitis and in 94 patients with HBsAg positive hepatitis (hepatitis B) laboratory findings were compared: GOT, GPT, AP, gamma-GT, bilirubin, sedimentation rate and gamma-globulins. In the beginning of the disease there was little difference. But comparing the maximal values patients with hepatitis B showed significantly higher GOT, GPT, de-Ritis, and bilirubin levels than patients with HBsAg-negative hepatitis. There was a correlation between de Ritis quotient and bilirubin. The difference of HBsAg negative and HBsAg positive hepatitis might be due to different reactions of cellular mediated immunity.
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PMID:[The different biochemical course of HBsAg-negative and HBsAg-positive hepatitis (author's transl)]. 7 13

Hepatitis B core antigen (HBc Ag) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) were detected in the liver tissue of a patient with chronic aggressive hepatitis by the immunofluorescent complement technique. The presence of anti-HBc was examined by the same method in 67 human sera previously tested for HBs Ag, anti-HBs and s-GPT levels. HBc Ag was localized mainly in the nucleus and sometimes in the cytoplasm of the hepatic cells. HBs Ag was found only in the cytoplasm. The focal area of HBc Ag positive hepatic cells seemed to correspond to the HBs Ag positive cells. Double staining demonstrated the simultaneous presence of HBs Ag and HBc Ag in individual cells. Anti-HBc positive serum was found in 46 (68.7%) cases. Forty-eight (71.6%) indicated a combination of HBs Ag and anti-HBc.
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PMID:Detection of liver HBc antigen and its antibody in sera from viral hepatitis by the immunofluorescent complement technique. 13 80

Ten cases of hepatitis B virus infection were identified among asymptomatic male homosexuals. These patients shared a number of characteristics: A subclinical origin and course of infection; Persistence of HGsAg for periods exceeding six to 25 months; Persistent GPT elevation of two to five times upper normal limit; Morphological changes in the liver with portal and parenchymal inflammation (chronic persistent hepatitis, six cases; non-specific reactive hepatitis, 2 cases; cirrhosis and acute hepatitis with signs of chronicity, one case each). HBeAg was found in six cases, anti-HBe in none. These results indicate that screening for hepatitis B should be performed whenever these individuals come under medical attention in order to detect asymptomatic chronic liver diseases and to detect these silent vectors of an infection that presently shows an increased frequency among homosexuals.
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PMID:Chronic hepatitis B infection in male homosexuals. 51 38

Of a greater number of biochemical tests in hepatobiliary diseases by means of methematico-statistical methods (calculation of specificity and sensitiveness, variance analysis, discrimination analysis with following discrimination experiments) the parameters should be established which in a step programme with multivariate observation and non-discriminated approach give the best possible information. The recognition of patients with liver diseases (preliminary diagnostics) is at nearly 94% possible with a scale comprising GOT, AAP, some relevant clinical data (touch findings, jaundice, hepatic skin signs) and the hepatitis B-antigen. In non-discriminated approach according to our findings the following scale should not be trangressed: GPT, GOT (compare preliminary diagnostics), LAP, AP, AAP (compare preliminary diagnostics), cholesterol, TTT, bilirubin, beta-GC. As to aimed questionings the bromsulphalein test belongs to the enlarged basic scale.
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PMID:[Laboratory diagnosis of liver and biliary tract disease]. 85 Oct 13

Patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis (n 1441) and those with post-transfusion hepatitis (n 343), whose medical expenses were subsidized by the Aichi Prefectural Government, were followed up for three years by record linkage with the Aichi Cancer Registry. During the follow-up period, 122 incident cases of liver cancer were identified. Compared with the general population, patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis were at a 64.9 times greater risk (50.5 times in males and 100.4 times in females) and those with post-transfusion hepatitis were at a 9.4 times greater risk (8.9 times in males and 13.7 times in females) of developing liver cancer. Information on prognostic factors for 1,068 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis was also collected in a questionnaire survey by the physicians in charge. Patients positive to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) and those positive to HBe Ag had a significantly increased risk of subsequent liver cancer. The risk of developing liver cancer was positively associated with base-line levels of GPT and AFP and age and, inversely associated with total alcohol intake and female sex. In multivariate analyses, the associations with HBe Ag, AFP, sex and age remained statistically significant, whereas the associations with GPT, total alcohol intake and HBs Ag were of borderline significance.
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PMID:The risk and predictive factors for developing liver cancer among patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. 127 45

Three patients with submassive hepatic necrosis developed acute liver failure during the severe reactivation of chronic hepatitis B. The activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA polymerase increased in all three patients immediately before the onset of hepatic failure. Liver biopsy specimens obtained before and after the episode of submassive hepatic necrosis showed progression to advanced liver cirrhosis. The nucleotide sequences of the precore and core regions of HBV-DNA were investigated in two of the three patients and in another two patients with piecemeal and bridging necrosis. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the HBV-DNA core region changed after reactivation in the the two patients with submassive hepatic necrosis, while the sequences in the other two patients with piecemeal necrosis remained unchanged before and after reactivation. These results suggest that the antigenicity of the HBV-DNA core region may have been changed before and after severe reactivation. Due to mutation at the core region, a different type of epitope would be expressed on the hepatocytes after submassive hepatic necrosis, which would not be a target for the cytotoxic T cell. This was evident by the continuation of the normal serum GPT for 5 and 9 years, respectively.
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PMID:Mutation of the core region of HBV-DNA and submassive hepatic necrosis in patients with anti-HBe-positive chronic hepatitis B. 139 28

In Okinawa prefecture, prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among blood donors is 3.5% and is twice as high as the average for the whole of Japan (1.5%), and is the highest in Japan (p less than 0.005). In contrast, mortality rates of both liver cirrhosis (LC) and primary liver cancer (PLC) in Okinawa are the lowest in Japan. Many epidemiological studies have shown that the positive rate of HBsAg correlates with mortality rate of PLC. To elucidate the cause of this epidemiological discrepancy, cross-sectional seroepidemiological studies and a prospective clinical study were conducted. In the cross-sectional studies, the following results were obtained; (1) Positive rate of HBsAg among patients with LC in Okinawa was 15.2% and lower than the average for the whole of Japan (23.4%). A similar comparison among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma showed 24.4% in Okinawa Vs. 31.4% in the whole of Japan. (2) The age-specific hepatitis B e antigen positive rate among 829 HBsAg positive health examinees tend to decrease with increase in age; 50% in less than 20 years old age group, 15.7% in third decade and 2-3% or less in 30 or more age group. Of the 829, 431 HBsAg positive subjects were referred our liver out-patient clinic. Then, of the 431, 27 (6.3%) were diagnosed or suspected as having chronic hepatitis and one (0.2%) was diagnosed as having cirrhosis. Of the 431, 381 (88.4%) were diagnosed as healthy HBsAg carrier, the great majority (94.0%) of whom had positive reaction of anti-HBe antibody and normal values of both GOT and GPT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Correlation between hepatitis B virus infection and chronic liver disease in Okinawa]. 140 58

In a 47-year-old male patient a tonsillar swelling was pointed out in May, 1991. Lymph node biopsy revealed that he had malignant lymphoma (diffuse large cell type). He had no hepatic dysfunction on admission, but because of positive hepatitis B (HB) antigen and negative HB antibody, he was diagnosed as an asymptomatic HB carrier. The staging examination showed that he had stage IIA lymphoma. Treatment with the COP-BLAM regimen was initiated on June 8. But the level of serum GOT and GPT increased to 286 IU/l and 392 IU/l, respectively. Serum DNA polymerase also increased to 9492 cpm. Interferon-alpha (3 x 10(6) units daily) was administered intramuscularly from June 8. Serum DNA polymerase decreased to zero on September 2, and his HBe antibody became positive indicating seroconversion. COP-BLAM chemotherapy without prednisolone was initiated from September 9 and complete remission was achieved. He was discharged from our hospital on September 25. It has been frequently reported that asymptomatic HB antigen carriers developed fulminant hepatitis during the course of chemotherapy. Our case suggests that it is necessary to continue chemotherapy in order to attain seroconversion by early use of interferon-alpha, when lymphoma patients display aggravated hepatic dysfunction and increased DNA polymerase levels.
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PMID:[Successful interferon-alpha treatment of hepatitis B developing during chemotherapy of malignant lymphoma]. 143 50

A 17-year-old male patient with T-cell type lymphoblastic lymphoma in complete remission underwent high dose chemotherapy (busulfan 16 mg/kg and cyclophosphamide 120 mg/kg) followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). The patient had been taking oral acyclovir (200 mg x 5) daily from seven days prior to the ABMT (day -7). On day +24, he complained of epigastralgia and general malaise, and the next day his GOT and GPT rose to 570 U/l and 397 U/l, respectively. Although he had no mucocutaneous lesions, hepatitis caused by a herpes virus was suspected, and high dose intravenous acyclovir (10 mg/kg x 3/day) was immediately started. His GOT, GPT and total bilirubin reached peaks of 2,870 U/l on day +26, 1,830 U/l on day +27 and 10.3 mg/dl on day +39, respectively, and rapidly improved thereafter. Serological analyses on IgG antibody titers to herpes simplex virus type 1 using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed specific increases (454-fold before transplantation to 3,830-fold on day +46). Antiviral antibody titers to cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus and Epstein-Barr virus showed no significant changes. The serologic markers of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis A virus and hepatitis C virus were all negative. The results indicate the patient's severe icteric hepatitis to have been caused by a reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 due to immunosuppression after high dose chemotherapy with ABMT. It is suggested that prompt commencement of high dose intravenous acyclovir is required to treat severe herpes simplex virus hepatitis affecting immunocompromised patients.
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PMID:Severe herpes simplex virus hepatitis following autologous bone marrow transplantation: successful treatment with high dose intravenous acyclovir. 175 18


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