Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A high-cell density bioprocess has been developed for the production of hepatitis B surface protein (preS2 + S) by recombinant yeast. This fed-batch process utilizes a growth medium containing yeast extract, soy peptone and glucose which was fed at a constant rate to maintain cells in a respiratory state. Cell densities of up to 60 g l-1 dry weight were achieved, which represented a 6-fold increase over those from batch bioprocesses. This increase in cell mass was attained without compromising specific activity; therefore, volumetric productivities of six times those of batch bioprocesses were achieved.
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PMID:Production of hepatitis B surface antigen (preS2 + S) by high-cell density cultivations of a recombinant yeast. 136 85

A community health survey of 923 residents aged 30 years or more was performed in Putai Township of Taiwan. To elucidate the relationships between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and surrogate tests for non-A, non-B hepatitis in hyperendemic areas of hepatitis B virus (HBV) serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglycerides, cholesterol, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) were examined. Glucose tolerance tests and the history of diabetes treatment were used to define the diabetes status. Fatty liver was diagnosed by sonography. The prevalence of anti-HCV was 2.6% (95% confidence interval, 1.6-3.6%). Elevated ALT and fatty liver were significantly associated with anti-HCV in univariate analysis. Anti-HCV was not an associated factor for fatty liver after adjusting for serum triglycerides and cholesterol, sex, body mass index and diabetes status through multiple logistic regression. However elevated ALT was still associated with anti-HCV after adjusting for serum triglycerides, sex, body mass index, HBsAg and age through multiple linear regression. The anti-HCV prevalence was similar between HBsAg-positive and negative subjects. Aggregation of HCV infection was found among spouses. It was concluded that elevated ALT and intimate contact with HCV carriers might be associated factors for HCV infection, and that HBV infection and fatty liver were not related to HCV infection in Taiwan.
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PMID:Relationship between fatty liver, alanine aminotransferase, HBsAg and hepatitis C virus. 138 55

The genetically engineered mammalian cell (Bu3) secreting Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was cultured on microcarriers semi-continuously. The growth model of Bu3 cells propagating on microcarriers, glucose consumption and lactate accumulation models were established. It is illustrated that the technology of anchorage-dependent Bu3 cell culture on microcarriers will give high yield and high HBsAg expression.
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PMID:Growth kinetics of Bu3 cells secreting HBsAg in microcarrier culture. 182 89

In 1985 a mixture of red cells collected in citrate anticoagulant with plasma derived from heparinized blood was introduced in Amsterdam to perform exchange transfusions in newborns. This heparin mixture has physiological levels of electrolytes, calcium and glucose, can be delivered on short notice and carries a minimal risk of transmission of infectious diseases because all blood components are tested for hepatitis B antigen and antibodies against syphilis and the human immunodeficiency virus. Retrospectively we evaluated 54 children treated in 1986 and 1987 with exchange transfusions using this heparin mixture. An adequate decrease in bilirubin values when necessary was observed while neither changes in sodium, potassium, calcium or glucose values nor adverse effects on the pH value were recorded. However, a remarkable transient thrombocytopenia was found following exchange transfusion with a decrease of the platelet count to an average of 39% of the initial value.
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PMID:[The use of a mixture of citrated erythrocytes and heparin plasma for exchange transfusions]. 221 59

All physicians, even those not routinely involved in prenatal care, should be aware of the laboratory tests recently recommended for inclusion in prenatal care. All pregnant women should undergo blood glucose testing to detect gestational diabetes mellitus. Women at risk for hepatitis B, Chlamydia trachomatis infection, or human immunodeficiency virus infections should be tested. All women should also be offered alpha fetoprotein testing for detection of neural tube defects. If test results are abnormal, appropriate management and/or counseling should be provided.
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PMID:Guidelines for using five new prenatal laboratory tests. 245 49

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg, an exogenous protein) was produced by fermenting recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing the HBsAg gene. The relative HBsAg concentrations increased from 3.89 to 8.12 when glucose content was reduced and the culture medium was supplemented with glycerol and sucrose; specific activity also increased by a factor of 2.69. The temperature variation sequence for fermentation processes was established from experimental results. The amount of HBsAg gene expressed reached 13.51 in relative concentration terms. The stability of the recombinant plasmid containing the HBsAg gene was studied by the varying fermentation temperatures in a fed-batch process. There was a conversion activity distribution for the yeast containing the exogenous DNA, which affected HBsAg production by the genetically engineered yeast in fermentation processes.
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PMID:Effects of culture medium composition and temperature on hepatitis B surface antigen expression by recombinant yeast in fermentation processes. 249 23

Duck cultured hepatocytes from Pekin ducks naturally infected by duck hepatitis B virus can remain functional twice longer if a coculture system with rat liver epithelial cells is used instead of ordinary primary culture. The use of a selective medium in which ornithine and lactate replaced arginine and glucose, respectively, allowed viral replication initiated in vivo to be maintained in the coculture for 2 months. Several antiviral compounds including the pyrophosphate analog (phosphonoformic acid) or nucleoside analogs (9 beta-arabinofuranosyl AMP, 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodocytosine, 1,2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-ethyluracil and 1,2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl thymine) were studied in both culture systems for their ability to inhibit duck hepatitis B virus replication. Hepatocytes were treated for 7 days with 1,2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-ethyluracil (10 microM) and 1,2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl thymine (0.5 microM) or for 14 days with 9 beta-arabinofuranosyl AMP (90 microM), phosphonoformic acid (100 microM) and 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodocytosine (6 microM). The effects of the drugs on viral replication were monitored by testing for duck hepatitis B virus DNA in the culture supernatant and in the cells by molecular hybridization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Prolonged duck hepatitis B virus replication in duck hepatocytes cocultivated with rat epithelial cells: a useful system for antiviral testing. 254 88

We studied 29 patients with thalassaemia major who had received intensive chelation for between 6.2 and 8.8 years. All patients had normal oral glucose tolerance tests before subcutaneous chelation therapy was introduced and 22 of 29 patients had normal liver function tests. At the end of the period of study 12 patients still had normal oral glucose tolerance (7 with normal liver function tests and 5 with chronic active hepatitis). On the other hand, 11 patients had developed impaired glucose tolerance tests (3 patients had normal liver function tests, 5 with chronic active hepatitis and 3 with cirrhosis), and 6 patients had developed frank diabetes mellitus (one with chronic active hepatitis and 5 with cirrhosis). Patients with chronic active hepatitis showed 91% positivity for one or more hepatitis B markers whilst all patients with cirrhosis were positive. Ferritin levels before subcutaneous chelation in patients with normal oral glucose tolerance tests were lower than in those patients with abnormal oral glucose tolerance or diabetes (P less than 0.05) but none had normal serum ferritin levels. In addition, a positive correlation was found between glucose area under the curve after chelation therapy and serum ferritin levels (r = 0.47, P less than 0.01). It is apparent that long term chelation therapy does not prevent the development of abnormal oral glucose tolerance in chronically transfused patients. More intensive chelation therapy is needed to prevent tissue damage. Chronic liver disease may have an important role to play in the deterioration of glucose tolerance.
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PMID:The development of diabetes mellitus and chronic liver disease in long term chelated beta thalassaemic patients. 354 13

Cefotiam (CTM) is a new synthetic cephem antibiotic developed in Japan. The results of the fundamental and clinical studies are as follows. 1. CTM showed antibacterial activity, in terms of MIC, as strong as those of cephalothin (CET) and cefazolin (CEZ) for Gram-positive cocci, and several times superior to for Gram-negative bacilli. 2. CTM serum levels approximately reached the peaks on completion of 60 minutes intravenous drip infusion of 1 g of this preparation dissolved in 5% glucose solution of 250 ml; the mean value was 65.00 micrograms/ml. Then the levels dropped rather quickly up to 180 minutes after the start of drip infusion. After that, the levels dropped gradually up to 360 minutes. 3. As for the passage of CTM in the oral tissues, satisfactory passage was observed in both maxillomandibular marrow and gingiva, which adequately exceeded MICs of the clinically isolated strains of oral infections. 4. This preparation was administered 1 g of 2 g daily by intravenous drip infusion in 18 cases of moderate or more serious infections in the field of oral surgery; the clinical efficacy rate obtained was 94.4%. 5. No manifestations of side effect were observed clinically. As for laboratory findings, 1 case of large increases in GOT and GTP (a hepatitis B antigen positive patient) and 2 cases of slight increase in GTP were observed. On the basis of these results of the fundamental and clinical studies, it was concluded that CTM is an excellent antibiotic for the treatment of oral infections.
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PMID:[Fundamental and clinical studies of cefotiam in the field of oral surgery]. 629 40

The present report gives preliminary results of a new sensitive method for the amperometric determination of antigens in serum. This method, developed from the biological model 'hepatitis B surface antigen antibodies' is less time-consuming than most immunochemical techniques, and eliminates many inconveniences arising from use of isotopes. Specific antibodies immobilised onto a gelatin membrane are applied in a solid phase 'sandwich' procedure. The antibodies are labelled with glucose oxidase. The measurement consists of an immunological process and an enzymatic reaction. The second part is carried out by fixing the active membrane onto a pO2 electrode. The sensor is immersed in a standard glucose solution and a signal is obtained by measuring the consumption of oxygen due to the enzyme reaction. This response is correlated to the antigen concentration of the sample. It is a function of both the diffusional and the reactional characteristics of the active layer. Under software conditions, the signal is sampled when the stationary state is obtained. The difference between initial signal and the stationary state signal is measured and compared with the pre-set calibration curve. Use of the computerised enzyme immunosensor could easily be extended to assay of other antigens and haptens that are usually determined by radioimmunoassay.
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PMID:A computerised enzyme immunosensor: application for the determination of antigens. 636 19


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