Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of polymyositis associated with chronic active hepatitis was reported. A 53-year-old man, who had no previous history of blood transfusion nor hepatitis, noticed proximal dominant muscle weakness on January 29, 1985. He was admitted to Kyoto National Hospital on February 7, and laboratory studies disclosed the elevation of serum enzyme levels; creatine kinase (CK) 9845 IU/L (normal 54-263), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) 834 IU/L (9-31), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) 491 IU/L (4-34), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 2135 IU/L (248-464). Also serum gamma globulin was high (1.8 g/dl) and LE-like cell was found. The diagnosis of polymyositis was made and prednisolone therapy (60 mg/day) was started on February 23. The elevated serum enzymes decreased gradually, but severe muscle weakness persisted for about one month. On April 3, he was admitted to our hospital. Physical examination revealed moderate proximal dominant muscle weakness without skin eruption, jaundice or hepatosplenomegaly. The serum enzymes were still high; CK 1826, GOT 173, GPT 232 (GOT less than GPT), LDH 1548. However, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin were normal. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was not detected. Antinuclear antibody was positive. The electromyogram study showed myopathic change, and the muscle biopsy demonstrated myopathic change and cell infiltration, compatible with polymyositis. These results suggested liver dysfunction associated with polymyositis. Prednisolone therapy was continued and muscle weakness decreased. From December, 1985, serum enzymes (CK, GOT, GPT, LDH) elevated again and muscle weakness also slightly increased. Anti-smooth muscle antibody was positive. It was suggested that both polymyositis and liver dysfunction deteriorated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of polymyositis associated with chronic active hepatitis]. 218 64

A case of chronic polyneuropathy associated with chronic type B hepatitis was described. A 31 year-old male was admitted to our hospital with a 2-year history of progressive weakness and sensory disturbances of all limbs. There was past history of acute type B post-transfusion hepatitis after subtotal gastrectomy. On examination there was generalized muscle weakness, particularly in movements of the hands and feet with areflexia. He had a steppage gait. Sensory examination revealed moderately decreased pinprick, light touch, vibration and position sense in the distal portion of all extremities. On admission, hepatitis associated antigen and antibody were negative and positive, respectively. The level of circulating immune complexes was high with the titer of 6.6 micrograms/ml by Clq assay and 16X by Raji cell assay. Liver biopsy revealed fibrosis and periportal inflammatory infiltrate compatible with the diagnosis of chronic viral hepatitis. Sural nerve biopsy showed marked loss of large myelinated fibers and epineural vasculitis with the thickened blood vessel wall and mononuclear cell infiltrates. There have been increasing evidences that extrahepatic manifestations are caused by vasculitis due to HBs antigen-antibody immune complex deposits. On the basis of findings in the literature it seems possible that chronic polyneuropathy may be related to the vasculitis due to HBs antigen-antibody complex deposits after hepatitis B virus infection.
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PMID:[A case of chronic polyneuropathy associated with chronic type B hepatitis]. 317 85

Hepatitis C virus infection in chronic hemodialysis patients is associated with several unresolved problems. We report a 85 years old female patient in chronic hemodialysis and treated with erythropoietin, that during the course of an Herpes zoster, presented severe malaise, weight loss and muscle weakness. Two weeks later, a slight rise in serum transaminases was detected. The patient had negative antibodies for HIV and hepatitis C virus and negative hepatitis B surface antigen. A PCR test was positive for serum hepatitis C virus RNA. The patient's condition deteriorated and she died 7 days after admission. Erythropoietin administration, whose immunosuppressive effect has been reported previously, could have influenced the dismal outcome of this patient.
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PMID:[Hepatitis C virus viremia and Herpes zoster virus infection in a patient in hemodialysis treated with erythropoietin]. 756 63

A patient with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) associated with type B and type C hepatitis virus infection is reported. A 54-year-old female who had a blood transfusion at the age of 31 years was diagnosed as a carrier of hepatitis B virus at the age of 43. Liver dysfunction was first noted in 1987 and gradually grew worse year by year. Beginning in early June 1992, the patients general fatigue became worse, her serum GOT and GPT levels became elevated, and she complained of a tingling sensation in her arms and legs. Neurological examination revealed moderate sensory disturbance of the glove-and-stocking type in all of her extremities. Deep tendon reflexes were all diminished. Hepatitis C antibody was detected in the serum at this time. On June 12, 1993, progression of her sensory disturbance was found to be associated with generalized muscle weakness. Cerebrospinal fluid studies showed increased protein without pleocytosis. Motor nerve conduction studies revealed marked prolongation of terminal latencies, reduction of conduction velocities, and abnormal temporal dispersion of the motor potentials. No sensory potentials could be evoked at any of the sites stimulated. Sural nerve biopsy showed segmental demyelination and severe loss of large myelinated fibers as well as some onion bulb formation. A diagnosis of CIDP was made. Treatment with corticosteroids was started, but there was little improvement in neurological function. The liver dysfunction progressed further and ultimately the patient died of hepatic failure. An autopsy demonstrated liver cirrhosis, but no malignant tumors were evident.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy associated with chronic liver disease due to type B and type C hepatitis virus]. 766 15

In a multi-centre retrospective study, we compared clinical and laboratory data in 913 patients with cryoglobulinaemias, divided as: (i) essential cryoglobulinaemias; (ii) cryoglobulinaemias secondary to connective tissue diseases (CTD), lymphoproliferative or other haematological diseases (LPD), chronic liver diseases (CLD), and 'other diseases'. Purpura was the commonest presenting feature in all groups and was more common in essential cryoglobulinaemias (p < 0.0001). Meltzer's triad (purpura, arthralgia, weakness) was less frequent, but similarly distributed. Renal involvement was randomly distributed. Neurological impairment was less frequent in cryoglobulinaemias secondary to CLD (p < 0.002). Raynaud's phenomenon, arthritis and sicca syndrome were more frequent in cryoglobulinaemias secondary to CTD. Essential cryoglobulinaemias had a significantly higher percentage of serum complement C4 < 8 mg/dl (p < 0.004), of detectable rheumatoid factor activity (p < 0.0002), and of type II cryoglobulins (p < 0.0001). Liver involvement was evident at presentation in 32.6% of essential cryoglobulinaemias, 27.1% of cryoglobulinaemias secondary to LPD and 12.2% of cryoglobulinaemias secondary to CTD. Antibodies to hepatitis B surface (HBsAg) and core (HBc) antigens were more frequent in cryoglobulinaemias secondary to CLD; anti-HBs antibodies were randomly distributed. Antibodies to hepatitis C (HCV) were tested for in 224 patients, and prevalence was high in all the groups, but lower in cryoglobulinaemias secondary to CTD (p < 0.0001). Type II and type III essential cryoglobulinaemias differed significantly in renal involvement (p < 0.0001), cryocrit > 3% (p < 0.0001), C4 < 15 mg/dl (p < 0.001), HBsAg prevalence (p < 0.01) and purpura (p < 0.05). Despite the high prevalence of HCV markers in all groups, the role of HCV in essential cryoglobulinaemia is not well defined; HBV seems to play only a marginal role.
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PMID:Cryoglobulinaemias: a multi-centre study of the early clinical and laboratory manifestations of primary and secondary disease. GISC. Italian Group for the Study of Cryoglobulinaemias. 770 62

A 43-year-old male with 2 episodes of sensory impairments in four extremities and liver dysfunction, developed an acute exacerbation of both sensory impairments and liver dysfunction after administration of interferon-alpha. On admission, neurological examination revealed a mild distal weakness of four extremities, moderate impairment of superficial sensation in hands and severe impairment of deep sensation and areflexia in all extremities. Routine laboratory tests were normal except for a mild liver dysfunction. His serum was positive for antinuclear antibody, but negative for anti-DNA antibody and LE-test. Since he was seropositive for hepatitis B (HB) c antibody but seronegative for HBs antigen and antibody, HBe antigen and antibody, he was considered to be a seroconverted carrier of HB virus. Liver biopsy revealed chronic active hepatitis with marked lymphocytic infiltration. CSF examinations were within normal limits. Sensory conduction studies of median and sural nerves showed no response, but motor conduction studies of median and peroneal nerves were within normal limits. Light and electron microscopic examination of biopsied sural nerve disclosed a moderate decrease in large myelinated fibers, but not in either small myelinated or unmyelinated fibers. Thin-layer chromatography with immunostaining showed the presence of anti-GQ1b antibody in his serum. The anti-GQ1b antibody did not react with GT1a. Oral administration of prednisolone alleviated liver dysfunction, muscle weakness and superficial sensory impairment of four extremities, but not in deep sensation.
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PMID:[Acute relapsing sensory-dominant polyneuropathy associated with anti-GQ1b antibody and autoimmune hepatitis]. 782 Sep 62

We present here thirteen patients (5 men and 8 women, aged 31 to 73, mean 55 years) with spastic paraparesis who showed clinical features similar to those of HTLV-1 associated myelopathy without HTLV-1 antibody, but with positive antibody to hepatitis B virus (HBV). All of these patients showed slowly progressive difficulty in walking. Five patients had previous histories of blood transfusion, of these one with history of B hepatitis. Neurologically, muscle weakness, spasticity and exaggerated deep tendon reflexes in the lower extremities were common to all the patients. Seven patients showed Babinski's reflex. Disturbance of micturition was noted in 3 patients. None showed organic changes of the spine on magnetic resonance image (MRI). None was serologically positive for syphilis and had cryoglobulin and hypergammaglobulinemia. Elevated levels of the liver enzymes were noted in two patients. All patients were positive for hepatitis B surface antibody (HBs-Ab) (EIA) but negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs-Ag) (EIA). Five patients were seropositive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) (PHA). In 3 of them, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed but failed to detect HCV-RNA. All patients underwent spinal tap, and showed normal cell count and protein concentration in their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Atypical cells were not observed in all the patients. The CSFs from three patients were tested for HBs-Ag and HBs-Ab. HBs-Ag was negative in all three patients, but HBs-Ab was positive in two patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Hepatitis B virus antibody positive spastic paraparesis]. 795 26

We report a 79-year-old man who developed progressive gait disturbance and sensory loss. He had been doing well except for hepatitis B virus hepatitis until 72 years of age when he developed angina pectoris for which aorto-coronary bypass operation was performed when he was 73-year-old (1986). In 1990, he developed pulmonary fibrosis for which prednisolone was prescribed. His liver function deteriorated, and the liver function tests suggested liver cirrhosis. He noted an onset of gait disturbance in the middle of June in 1992 when he was 79-year-old. His gait disturbance deteriorated progressively, and he developed edema and loss of sensation in his both legs. He became unable to walk unassisted in the beginning of July. He fractured his right external malleolus after falling down from a chair. He became unable to stand by himself, and he was admitted to the cardiology service of our hospital on July 18, 1992, and the neurology service was asked to see the patient on July 30 of the same month. The patient was well developed and well nourished man in no acute distress. General physical examination revealed slight jaundice, left carotid bruit, and slight pitting pretibial edema. His temperature was 37.3 degrees C. On neurologic examination, he was alert and mentally sound without dementia. He showed a slight weakness in the facial muscles bilaterally and mild dysarthria and dysphagia, however, the other cranial nerves appeared intact. He was unable to stand unassisted. The muscle tone was hypotonic, however, no focal muscle atrophy was noted, nor was observed fasciculatory twitches.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A 79-year-old man with rapidly progressive tetraparesis]. 829 70

Virus hepatitis A and B have certain characteristics traits in personnel with gunshot wounds, especially when the wounds are of medium and high degrees of severity. Virus hepatitis A in the injured men is distinguished by shortened initial period, predominantly of dyspeptic or mixed type, as well as by grave and complicated course sometimes ending with lethal outcome. Virus hepatitis B in the injured men is characterized by the absence of pre-icteric period or weakness of its manifestations in many cases, by the prevalence of mild forms of the disease, as well as by increased tendency to development of chronic forms. During virus hepatitis A and B the traumatic disease often acquires grave and complicated course. In wounded personnel with hepatitis A the complications develop mainly on the background of medium or high degrees of severity of infection, whereas, during hepatitis B they develop predominantly on the background of mild forms of infection.
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PMID:[Viral hepatitis A and B in wounded patients]. 903 32

The clinical spectrum and outcome of necrotizing vasculitis were evaluated in a retrospective study in order to assess: (1) the clinical expression and evolution of the disease; (2) the response to several therapeutic approaches based on major events (organ involvement causing disability or death); (3) the immunogenetic background of patients. Sixty-six Greek patients fulfilling the ACR criteria for the diagnosis of vasculitis entered the study. Thirty-seven were diagnosed with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), 22 with polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and seven with Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS). The demographic characteristics of patients with WG and PAN were similar. Cutaneous manifestations, gastrointestinal and peripheral nervous system involvement occurred more often in patients with PAN, whereas pulmonary and upper respiratory tract involvement, renal, ear abnormalities and fever were more frequent in patients with WG. Muscle weakness and asthma were found exclusively in patients with PAN and CSS, respectively, while the presence of classic-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (c-ANCA) characterized WG patients. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was found in 22% of PAN patients. No significant differences were detected when comparing the PAN and WG groups with respect to the first major event (log-rank P = 0.50) with and without potential confounders (age, gender, therapy or c-ANCA). For WG patients, a statistically significant difference was found on different routes of administration of cyclophosphamide (oral vs pulse) (P = 0.006). Regarding the HLA antigens, an increased frequency of DR1 (26.9% vs 10.3%, P = 0.057) in WG and the absence of DR3 in patients with PAN and CSS were noted. It appears that although the immunogenetic background and the clinical expression of the diseases differ, the response to treatment as well as the evolution and the survival rate of these patients are similar in the two groups.
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PMID:Necrotizing vasculitis in Greece: clinical, immunological and immunogenetic aspects. A study of 66 patients. 997 72


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