Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The incorporation into Italian legislation of the European Community directives on the improvement of health and safety at work has promoted a vast effort in order to revise the surveillance approach in many facilities, including hospitals. At the S. Gerardo Hospital in Monza, the required risk evaluation was performed in 1995. The paper here reports the results of environmental and work organization inspection, literature review and the proposal of a surveillance program. S. Gerardo Hospital is a large facility with 2,547 employees. Major structural problems are associated with fire prevention and the continuous change required for the development of a modern hospital. Relevant risk in health care are: biological risk, in particular hepatitis B and AIDS virus, teratogenic viruses (rubella, cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster) and the renewed possibility of tuberculosis infection, often multi-drug resistant; chemical hazards, in particular use and exposure to antineoplastic and antiviral agents, sterilants like ethylene oxide and formaldheyde; physical risk, well-known for ionizing radiations, but important also for non-ionizing radiations; manual lifting (patients in particular) which makes nurses one of the occupations most affected by low back pain; psycho-social risk, with particular reference to stress in emergency departments and everywhere a strong psychological engagement is required. Also the risk of non-health personnel, office areas, food preparation, housekeeping, maintenance, central supplies and laundry was assessed. Health surveillance programs for the exposed and preventive medicine programs according international standards for all workers are presented.
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PMID:[Risk evaluation and health surveillance in hospitals: a critical review and contributions regarding experience obtained at the S. Gerardo dei Tintori Hospital in Monza]. 960 94

Radical hepatectomy was carried out on a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) located in segment VIII of the liver. The patient was a 56-year-old man who showed positive for hepatitis C antibody and negative for hepatitis B surface antigen. Six months after hepatectomy, a lumbar plane X-ray and computed tomography examination revealed bone metastases in the lumbar vertebrae. The patient was subsequently treated by radiation to the lumbar vertebrae in response to lumbago. The metastatic lesion has been well controlled by radiotherapy on an outpatient basis with no recurrence for 5 years and 3 months. The prognosis of patients with HCC with distant metastases is poor. It is believed that the long survival of this patient can be attributed to successful radiotherapy of the bone metastasis after hepatectomy and the lack of recurrence in the liver.
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PMID:A case of hepatocellular carcinoma with bone metastasis responding to radiotherapy after successful hepatectomy of primary lesion. 1021 62

The economic implications of safety precautions in laboratory practice make compliance difficult especially for laboratories in countries with poor economies. However, economic factors are not the only determinants of a safe work environment. Worker's perception of health and safety also influence compliance with safety guidelines. This study was conducted to determine the attitude and practice of laboratory workers with regard to safety. A structured questionnaire was administered to laboratory workers in 10 clinical laboratories. The questionnaire inquired about the use of protective equipment, safe work practices and immunization status of workers. Another questionnaire sought information on safety codes, accident records and first aid facilities in each laboratory. Questionnaires were coded and analysed. Ninety out of 106 laboratory workers (85%) responded to the inquiry. Unsafe work practices such as eating or drinking in laboratories and mouth pipetting of biological samples were practised by 41% and 10% of workers, respectively. Ninety percent of workers used white coats while 64% used gloves when handling biological samples. None of these workers used goggles or face shields in the course of their work. Fifty-one percent had received immunisation against tuberculosis, 73% against tetanus and 16% against hepatitis B. Thirty-seven percent of senior staff and 72% of junior staff did not receive any formal safety training. Accident records and first aid facilities were absent in most laboratories. The commonest health problem reported by workers was low back pain. The poor coverage of hepatitis B immunization among health care workers in an endemic area is currently a cause for concern among medical and paramedical staff. There is a need for education programmes to increase awareness on safety. Occupational health workers in this setting face the challenge of promoting safe work practices among workers in the face of the lack of funding and apathy among poorly paid junior workers.
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PMID:Health and safety in clinical laboratory practice in Ibadan, Nigeria. 1049 49