Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 62-year female received radiotherapy over six weeks with daily 75 mg/m2 Temozolomide (TMZ) for Glioblastoma (GB). At the last week of radiotherapy, her liver enzymes and serum bilirubin started deteriorating. TMZ was discontinued. The histopathology demonstrated the features of acute cholestasis and focal parenchymal inflammation. A range of investigations failed to show any other contributory cause of hepatitis. She required in-hospital care for a prolonged period for a grade three hepatic failure. The liver functions very slowly recovered over 40 weeks, but her general condition continues to deteriorate. TMZ may cause a mild temporary rise in the liver enzymes and has been reported to reactivate hepatitis B. In few other cases concomitant medications were the possible causes of hepatitis. However, searching the Medline and other bibliographic database, we have not come across any case of TMZ-induced liver injury (TMZ-DILI). Histopathology and pattern of liver enzyme elevation suggest that unlike Dacarbazine, which causes veno-occlusive type liver damage, TMZ in this patient caused mainly cholestasis type liver injury. On Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) probability scale, this case falls in probable grade (Scale 7).
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PMID:Temozolomide induced liver injury. 2214 Dec 95

Glioblastoma is the most frequent primary malignant brain tumor in adults. With the number of symptoms and signs, it belongs to diseases where a lot of treatment modalities are often applied. A standard treatment for patients with glioblastoma includes surgical resection followed by radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide. Each type of treatment has its own toxicity. Temozolomide is an oral alkylating cytotoxic drug and like any other alkylating agent can induce side effects. Although temozolomide is generally a well tolerated drug, with rare severe toxic effects, sometimes certain toxicities can overcome the life risk of the underlying malignancy. By reviewing the literature, we have selected the cases with severe clinical presentation where some of them had a lethal outcome and we have chosen to present them in this article. In some patients with noticeable hematological toxic effects, as well as those with serious infections, attention must be paid to their treatment, as toxic effects can deepen and develop new toxicity, which all lead to a vicious circle without a favorable outcome. Preventive use of antiviral drugs should be considered before the treatment with temozolomide in patients with a positive history of viral infections such as Hepatitis B infection. In order to prevent rare but possible opportunistic infections, it is necessary to familiarize the patients with the treatment, toxicity and rare opportunistic infections. These infections can be triggered by various factors from the nearest environment, including both domestic and wild animals and pets.
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PMID:Severe hematologic temozolomide-related toxicity and lifethreatening infections. 2955 52