Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical features and therapeutical approaches in 10 cases of membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) have been reviewed in an attempt to identify predictive indices of prognosis, and features distinguishing between idiopathic and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) related forms of glomerulopathy. Five of these children (age range 8-10 years) had HBsAg associated MGN and the other five (age range 12-16) lacking this antigen were defined as idiopathic MGN. The follow up was nine months to 10 years (mean 4.3 years). All had nephrotic syndrome during the course of their disease. There were no distinguishing clinical features nor any difference in the outcome between these two groups. None of the clinical findings including the presence of HBsAg, adversely affected outcome. All patients in the idiopathic group and three of the five in the HBsAg related group received immunosuppressive treatment. Overall complete remission was achieved in four of the five HBsAg associated patients and in three of the idiopathic patients plus partial remission in one of each group. Immunosuppressive treatment caused no complications, and beneficial results of the treatment particularly in the idiopathic MGN group were observed.
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PMID:Clinical review of idiopathic versus hepatitis B surface antigen related forms of membranous glomerulonephritis. 154 81

Ninety-eight children with glomerulonephritis concomitant with hepatitis B surface HBs antigenemia were studied, the antigenemia being first documented at the clinical onset of glomerulopathy. Initial diagnoses, based on examination of the paraffin sections, varied, membrano-proliferative, mesangial, and membranous glomerulonephritis being most frequently considered. However, electron microscopic examination showed that 77 children had a uniform type of glomerulopathy, irrespective of the light microscopic appearance. This type was diagnosed as secondary membranous glomerulonephritis. The clinical course of this nephropathy was relatively indolent and short. Moreover, in many children, elimination of some hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigens from the circulation was also associated with clinical remission of glomerulopathy. The remaining 21 children with HBs antigenemia had various morphological forms of glomerulonephritis, these being similar to their idiopathic counterparts in both morphology and clinical course. The distinct clinical and morphological picture of secondary membranous glomerulonephritis with HBs antigenemia occurring in 77 of 98 children supports the hypothesis that HBsV-associated glomerulonephritis is of the secondary membranous type. Thus, we conclude that in children HBV antigenemia associated with glomerulonephritis other than secondary membranous is coincidental.
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PMID:Hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis: electron microscopic studies in 98 children. 188 21

Of 61 boys and girls with relapsing or steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome admitted for renal biopsy, 22 had persistent hepatitis B virus surface antigenaemia despite normal liver function and an absence of previous transfusion. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus surface antigenaemia amongst nephrotic patients is significantly higher than that of the general population. Membranous nephropathy remains the commonest glomerulopathy associated with hepatitis B virus antigenaemia, and boys predominate.
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PMID:High prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigenaemia in nephrotic syndrome in Hong Kong. 247 44

In an attempt to clarify a participation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the development of hepatic glomerulopathy in adults, kidney specimens obtained from 151 patients with liver diseases were studied. Although mesangial proliferation was more severe in patients with chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis than in those with acute hepatitis, no significant difference was observed between 82 serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive (HBV-related group) and 69 negative patients (HBV-nonrelated group). However, double contours of the glomerular capillary walls were observed more often in the former group (18/82, P less than .01), especially in the HBeAg-positive subgroup (8/24, P less than .001), than in the latter (3/69). In addition, glomerular capillary spike formation or a bubblelike appearance was observed in seven patients of the former group. Of these, all five patients examined were HBeAg-positive in their serum. By electron microscopic studies, subendothelial dense deposits and mesangial interpositions were observed more frequently in the HBV-related group, and subepithelial deposits were found only in the HBeAg-positive subgroup. The immunofluorescence study revealed IgA-dominant mesangial deposition in both HBV-related and nonrelated groups. As for the capillary wall deposits, however, IgG was dominant in 13 of the HBV-related group, but only one of the nonrelated group (P less than .01). Furthermore, one patient in the HBV-related group showed capillary wall-dominant HBeAg combined with IgG deposition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Characteristics of glomerular lesions in hepatitis B virus infection. 327 72

The clinical data and renal pathologic information from three patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), active glomerular disease, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigenemia are presented. All three patients fulfilled the American Rheumatism Association criteria for the diagnosis of SLE. However, the renal pathologic results excluded the diagnosis of lupus nephritis. The common findings shared by these patients included the following: presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in both serum and glomeruli and of glomerular hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg), and the absence of polyclonal immunoglobulins, C1q and C4, deposition in renal tissue. These common features and the renal pathologic results indicated that the glomerulopathy was associated with HBV antigenemia. The cases described here may represent a subset of patients with SLE in whom expression of lupus nephritis was altered by the concomitant HBV-related glomerulonephritis.
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PMID:Hepatitis B virus-related glomerulopathy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. 331 Jun 6

A retrospective analysis of all renal biopsies (961) performed in two regional hospitals in Hong Kong during 1977-1985 revealed that IgA nephropathy was the most frequently encountered glomerulopathy. Lipoid nephrosis (minimal change nephrotic syndrome) remained the commonest cause of nephrotic syndrome in children. The frequencies of mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis, focal glomerulosclerosis, and idiopathic membranous nephropathy were lower than in other populations. Membranous nephropathy was frequently associated with hepatitis B virus antigenemia, especially in children. Other chronic infections did not have a significant pathogenetic role in glomerular diseases. Lupus nephritis was the commonest secondary glomerular disease in our study, and over seventy percent of the renal biopsies showed advanced pathologies with either diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis or membranous nephropathy.
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PMID:Pattern of glomerulonephritis in Hong Kong. 343 12

The laboratory and pathological findings are reported for 16 children with membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and compared with those of 12 children with idiopathic MGN. Serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was found in all children with HBV associated MGN and serum hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in 11 of the 15 examined. Five patients with HBV associated MGN, but none with idiopathic MGN, showed reduced serum C3 values. Otherwise there was no difference in laboratory findings. HBeAg was detected in the glomeruli of all 7 patients with HBV-associated MGN examined but HBsAg was not detected. Of the 14 children with HBV-associated MGN examined by electron microscopy, all but one showed small mesangial deposits and 4 subendothelial deposits, whereas of 9 with idiopathic MGN only 2 showed mesangial deposits and none subendothelial deposits. Thus most of the children with HBV-associated MGN are characterized by some laboratory and pathological features of membrano proliferative glomerulonephritis in addition to those of idiopathic MGN. These observations are consistent with HBV inducing a spectrum of glomerulopathy from typical MGN to typical membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.
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PMID:Membranous glomerulonephritis associated with hepatitis B antigen in children: a comparison with idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis. 397 79

Serum HBsAg positivity prevalence was studied on 98 children affected by various nephropathies or obstructive uropathies and on a control group of 71 children, consecutively admitted into the same clinical ward, suffering from other than hepatic or renal diseases. No significant difference was found between the group of children with non-glomerular nephropathies or obstructive uropathies and the control group. The prevalence of HBsAg positivity was significantly higher in male children with membranous glomerulopathy and in those with lipoid nephrosis than in the control group. All HBsAg positive children with glomerulopathies were chronic carriers of the hepatitis B virus. However, though left undemonstrated, there still lies a probable pathogenetic relationship between the hepatitis B virus infection and membranous glomerulopathy. The authors hypothesize that an impaired immune response in male children with lipoid nephrosis may account for both the hepatitis B virus infection and the development of the glomerular disease.
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PMID:Hepatitis B surface antigenaemia and glomerulopathies in children. 398 16

Ninety-eight Zimbabweans with glomerulonephritis characterised by nephrotic proteinuria were studied. There was no evidence to implicate Schistosoma mansoni or S. haemotobium in the aetiology, although schistosomiasis was diagnosed in 54 patients in the series. Similarly, Plasmodium malariae proved unimportant as a cause of the nephrotic syndrome, only one patient showing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis which was associated with subclinical quartan malarial infection. Nevertheless, infections were shown to play a major role in the genesis of glomerulonephritis which was associated with beta-haemolytic streptococcal, hepatitis B and syphilitic infection in 45 patients in the series. The major patterns of disease in childhood proved to be membranous glomerulopathy associated with hepatitis B antigenaemia. In young adults post-streptococcal proliferative glomerulonephritis constituted the commonest disease pattern. In older adult patients a miscellany of primary and secondary glomerulonephritides was encountered but proliferative glomerulonephritis, which was both idiopathic and streptococcus-related, predominated.
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PMID:Patterns of glomerulonephritis in Zimbabwe: survey of disease characterised by nephrotic proteinuria. 636 74

Histological examination of renal biopsies in 64 Neapolitan children aged 13 months to 14 years who presented with nephrotic syndrome or persistent hematuria and/or proteinuria revealed membranous glomerulopathy (M.G.) in 14. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was found in the serum of 9/14 children with M.G. and in 1/14 children in an age and sex matched control group. The prevalence of HBsAg positivity in the M.G. children suggests a relationship between HBV infection and the disease. The high prevalence of males in HBsAg positive M.G. children suggests that males have an increased risk of contracting M.G. The absence of chronic liver disease in 8/9 HBsAg positive M.G. patients, and the lack of correlation between the clinical manifestations of kidney disease and the rate of HBV replication indicate that different mechanisms underlie the hepatic and renal pathologies.
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PMID:Membranous glomerulopathy and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children. 666 4


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