Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Antibodies to ubiquitous Herpes viruses have been studied in 13 patients with type II essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (EMC), and in two different control groups. All the EMC patients had monoclonal IgM kappa in their cryoprecipitates. IgM antibodies to the viral capsid antigen (VCA) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were found in the sera of 11 EMC patients but all the cryoprecipitates were negative. IgG antibodies were also present in the sera of all and in the cryoprecipitates of some patients. In contrast, the number of subjects with antibodies to Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) was not higher than in controls. Possible correlations between EMC and EBV infection are discussed.
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PMID:Increased frequency of antibodies to ubiquitous viruses in essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia. 301 57

Sera from 37 Nigerian men with Kaposi's sarcoma were examined for evidence of infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), and Candida albicans. For comparison purposes, sera from 30 patients with primary cell liver carcinoma and 150 health young adults were also assessed. The Kaposi's sarcoma patients were in poor general condition, with severe anemia and gross sepsis. In each case, cutaneous disease affected only the limbs-- a finding that is in contrast with the visceral organ involvement seen in most black African victims. The serologic testing provided clear evidence that tropical African Kaposi's sarcoma is not associated with HTLV-III infection; non of the 217 serum samples analyzed from the 3 study groups showed antibodies to this virus. A widespread pattern among the Kaposi's sarcoma and liver carcinoma patients was depression of peripheral blood monocyte chemotaxis and a diminished, delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to tuberculin. All patients in these 2 groups demonstrated circulating antibodies to CMV, EBV, HBV, AND HAV. Candida albicans was isolated from 30 of the 37 Kaposi's sarcoma patients and all 30 liver carcinoma patients compared with none of the health controls. These findings suggest that endemic tropical African Kaposi's sarcoma is a different disease than the epidemic AIDS-linked Kaposi's sarcoma reported from the US, and it is probable that different etiologic agents are involved in each case.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma and HTLV-III: a study in Nigerian adult males. 302 63

Until 20 years ago the only chronic viral diseases known were those considered to be confined to the nervous system. As a result of recent advances in epidemiology, molecular biology and immunology, new viral diseases have been recognized and their clinical features and pathogenesis elucidated. Chronic disease may result from infection with the hepatitis B and D viruses and whatever agent or agents cause hepatitis non-A, non-B, the herpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus and human T-lymphotropic virus type III. These diseases have common features, including long-term or even lifetime asymptomatic carriage, viremia, with virus free in the plasma or attached to circulating mononuclear cells, presence of virus in body secretions, irreversible tissue injury in target organs and oncogenic potential. New information on these diseases is reviewed. Other chronic diseases for which the cause is currently unknown may eventually prove to be due to viral infection. In addition, vaccines may be developed for prophylaxis of some chronic viral diseases and associated malignant diseases.
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PMID:Chronic viral diseases. 302 3

Nigerian patients with tumors of the jaw were compared with controls in respect of antibodies to the viral capsid antigens of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and of total immunoglobulin levels. Immunoglobulin levels did not differ between patients and controls but increased two weeks postsurgery. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies to EBV were detected in a small number of patients, and mean titers of IgG antibodies to EBV were lower in the patient group, indicating a lack of association between EBV and tumor formation. An association was noted between the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigen, and depressed antibody titers to EBV in patients with tumors. Of 78 patients studied, 12% were Hepatitis B surface antigen positive.
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PMID:Epstein-Barr virus and jaw tumors in North Nigeria. 302 97

The HAT (hypoxanthine, aminopterin, thymidine) sensitive and ouabain resistant human B lymphoblastoid cell line TAW-925 was obtained from 6-thioguanine resistant B lymphoblastoid cell line WI-L2. Hybridomas were obtained at a high frequency (10(-4)-10(-5) when TAW-925 was hybridized with cells transformed with Epstein-Barr virus. Using TAW-925 as a parental cell line, we have obtained a hybridoma which stably secretes human monoclonal antibody against hepatitis B virus surface antigen.
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PMID:Establishment of hybridoma secreting human monoclonal antibody against hepatitis B virus surface antigen. 303 Mar 1

A community survey was undertaken in order to determine the seroepidemiologic pattern of acute viral hepatitis in Auckland. As hospital records and Health Department notifications underestimate the problem, all patients with a serum alanine transpeptidase (ALT) level of greater than 200 mu/l (X 5 normal) were investigated for viral liver disease. Over a four month period a total of 303 cases of acute viral hepatitis were identified, 49 (16.2%) were hepatitis A, 11 with coincident hepatitis B, 88 (29%) were hepatitis B, 80 (26.4%) nonA nonB hepatitis, 81 (26.7%) Epstein Barr virus hepatitis and 5 (1.6%) cytomegalovirus hepatitis. Hepatitis A and hepatitis B occurred with increased frequency among Maoris and Polynesians, while Epstein Barr virus, cytomegalovirus and nonA nonB hepatitis occurred more frequently among Europeans. The incidence of acute symptomatic viral hepatitis (excluding cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr virus infections) was 78 cases/10(5)/per year for the Auckland region in this survey.
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PMID:Acute viral hepatitis in Auckland. 303 65

A group of 295 adult male patients from Cairo, Egypt, with acute hepatitis were studied. Acute hepatitis A was diagnosed in 8 patients (2.7%), hepatitis B in 115 (38.9%), delta infection in 19 (6.4%) and possible Epstein-Barr virus or cytomegalovirus-mediated hepatitis in 7 patients (2.4%). The remaining 146 patients (49.5%) were considered to have hepatitis non-A non-B. The clinical presentation of the various causes of hepatitis was similar, although patients with hepatitis B and delta infection had significantly higher mean alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels than patients diagnosed as having hepatitis non-A non-B. Various risk factors for the acquisition of hepatitis were evaluated. A history of an injection for medical treatment and a history of anti-schistosomal therapy were significantly associated with delta infection when compared to patients with either hepatitis B or non-A non-B (P less than 0.05). Hepatitis non-A non-B is a major cause of acute hepatitis in adults living in Cairo, and an iatrogenic source of infection may be important in the epidemiology of delta infection.
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PMID:Acute sporadic hepatitis in adults living in Cairo, Egypt. 309 92

Authors studied 96 children, 56 boys and 40 girls, aged 1 to 16 years, with acute viral hepatitis. 53 patients were diagnosed of hepatitis a virus (HAV) detecting antibodies to HAV of the IgM class; 11 patients were diagnosed of hepatitis B virus (HBV) detecting serologic markers; 32 patients were diagnosed of non A-non B hepatitis. There were no serologic evidence of infection with cytomegalovirus and Epstein-barr virus. They report an analytical and clinical comparative study of acute viral hepatitis, and their evolution during a year, not finding any significative statistic difference. Two patients with HBV remained chronically infected.
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PMID:[Acute hepatitis in childhood. Study of 96 cases and 1-year follow-up]. 310 7

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from donors immunized with hepatitis B vaccine (Pasteur Hevac B) were transformed with Epstein-Barr virus. Two polyclonal cell lines, producing antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen were established and cloned. Seven clones were isolated; they secreted between 10 and 20 micrograms/ml of HBs specific IgG1 kappa or lambda antibody with anti-HBs titer of 300-800 IU/ml. These human antibodies expressed the anti 'a' specificities and had high affinity and avidity; their potential use as reagents for hepatitis B virus detection and for passive immunotherapy is under study.
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PMID:High affinity human monoclonal antibodies directed against hepatitis B surface antigen. 311 26

In the course of a prospective study of the prevalence and incidence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and risk factors for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome among 961 homosexual men, 97 initially HIV antibody seronegative men reported a febrile period lasting at least three days. In 60 of these men serological evidence for an infection was found: influenza A or B virus (17 men), HIV (14), Epstein-Barr virus (seven), parainfluenza virus type I, 11 or Ill (five), hepatitis A virus (three), cytomegalovirus (three), adenovirus (two), respiratory syncytial virus (two), hepatitis B virus (one) and Toxoplasma gondii (one). Combined infections were found in five men. A total of 17 men seroconverted for HIV antibody. The clinical symptoms of acute HIV infection closely resembled those of influenza A or B infection. Skin rashes also occurred frequently in men with HIV infection. HIV antibody seroconversion gives rise to a number of different symptoms and primary HIV infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of prolonged febrile illness in those at risk of HIV infection.
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PMID:Influenza-like syndrome in homosexual men: a prospective diagnostic study. 325 68


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