Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The patient, a 61-year-old man, had sustained injuries in a traffic accident at the age of 26, for which he received a blood transfusion. Since 1988 (age, 49 years), abnormal hepatic function had been detected, and, because of the presence of hepatitis C virus antibodies, he was diagnosed as having type C chronic hepatitis. Based on a liver biopsy that was conducted in July 1992 (age, 53), a histological diagnosis of chronic active hepatitis (F(1)/A(2)) was made. Over a period of 6 months, starting in 1992, the patient was treated with interferon (IFNalpha-2a; total dosage, 720 MU). At the end of this regimen, the alanine aminotransferase level was normalized and serum hepatitis C virus-ribonucleic acid was negative. This condition was maintained until August 1996 (age, 57), after which the patient stopped reporting to our hospital. In June 2000 (age, 61) when he was hospitalized for an adhesive ileus, a small hepatocellular carcinoma (a solitary lesion measuring 18 mm in diameter) at S(8) was found, and it was extirpated by a segmental excision in July. The case is introduced to call attention to the need for longterm follow-up observation, even after effective IFN therapy.
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PMID:Type C chronic hepatitis with the discovery of a small hepatocellular carcinoma 7 years after successful interferon therapy. 1274 89

Liver transplantation with a part of the liver from a healthy living donor can be life saving for selected patients with end-stage liver failure. The experiences with the first 3 adult patients in the Netherlands were as follows. The first patient was a 56-year-old man with primary sclerosing cholangitis, who received half of the liver from his 53-year-old sister. Postoperatively, the donor developed a urinary tract infection, which was treated with antibiotics. The recipient developed fever and paralytic ileus 6 days after transplantation. Relaparotomy revealed minimal bile leakage from the cut surface of the liver, which was corrected with a suture. Three years after donation, both donor and recipient were doing well. The second patient was a 63-year-old man with hepatic cirrhosis due to hepatitis B, recurrent bleeding from varices, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The carcinoma was treated percutaneously with radiofrequency ablation. He was given a liver transplant from his 28-year-old son. The donor later developed transient ileus and mild liver function disorders. The recipient developed a bacterial infection of the ascites, which was treated with antibiotics, and later Candida-oesophagitis and a herpes simplex infection, which were also treated successfully. More than 2 years after donation and transplantation, both donor and recipient were in good condition. The third patient was a 42-year-old man with a chronic hepatitis B virus infection and 2 hepatocellular carcinomas. The donor was his 34-year-old sister-in-law. The recipient developed prolonged jaundice due to stenosis at the site of the bile duct anastomosis, for which a stent was placed. He was discharged in good condition but died 11 months later of cerebral metastases. One year after the procedure, the donor was doing well. The Rotterdam liver transplantation programme with living donors demonstrates that excellent results can be accomplished with minimal risk for the donor.
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PMID:[Liver transplantation with a living donor: the first 3 cases in Rotterdam]. 1849 25

We here report the use of lamivudine 100 mg daily in a young pregnant woman (24th week of gestation) with fulminant hepatic failure due to acute HBV infection. After initiation of oral lamivudine (100 mg/d), ALT levels rapidly decreased from 5046 U/L to normal values within five weeks. HBe seroconversion occured three weeks after treatment start, followed by HBs seroconversion within less than six months. A preterm female baby was delivered at gestational week 29 (weight 1000 gr) (five weeks after start of lamivudine). The infant received simultaneous active and passive HBV immunisation within 12 hours after delivery. The neonatal check-up revealed meconium ileus which was successfully treated by surgery. At last presentation 241 days after initiation of treatment, both mother and infant showed stable HBs-seroconversion (anti-HBs 169 IU/mL and > 1000 IU/L, respectively). Therefore, lamivudine therapy was withdrawn. This case suggests that oral nucleos(t)ides may be safely used in pregnant patients with fulminant hepatitis B potentially preventing liver transplantation and interruption of pregnancy.
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PMID:Successful treatment of fulminant hepatitis B during pregnancy. 1960 9

A 60-year-old white male patient was admitted to the hospital with acute abdominal pain, seemingly a self-limited ileus. He was found to be hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive. Previous dental treatment was suspected to be the initial source of the infection with hepatitis B virus. Five months later he was re-admitted with a diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) which responded well to steroids. Four years later he developed fever and leucocytosis. A bone marrow biopsy revealed myelofibrosis. He had several episodes of pyrexia during his lifetime. After a 12-year period the patient suffered a fatal myocardial infarction. At autopsy the adrenal glands were reduced to scarred remnants and HBsAg was found to be present in the residual adrenocortical cells by immunoflouresence methods. Bone marrow at autopsy revealed myelosclerosis as well HBsAg (via immunofluoresence). Hepatitis B virus was therefore closely correlated with the development of Addison's disease and myelofibrosis in this case.
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PMID:Extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis B virus infection: Addison's disease and myelofibrosis in a patient with persistent hepatitis B surface antigenemia. 2234 36

An 85-year-old woman was an outpatient treated at Tokyo Rosai Hospital for cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B. She had previously been diagnosed as having common bile duct stones, for which she underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, as stone removal was unsuccessful, a plastic stent was placed after endoscopic sphincterotomy. In October 2012, the stent was replaced endoscopically because she developed cholangitis due to stent occlusion. Seven days later, we performed ERCP to treat recurring cholangitis. During the procedure, the stone was successfully removed by a balloon catheter when cleaning the common bile duct. The next day, the patient developed abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and nausea and was diagnosed as having gallstone ileus based on abdominal computed tomography (CT) and abdominal ultrasonography findings of an incarcerated stone in the terminal ileum. Although colonoscopy was performed after inserting an ileus tube, no stone was visible. Subsequent CT imaging verified the disappearance of the incarcerated stone from the ileum, suggesting that the stone had been evacuated naturally via the transanal route. Although it is extremely rare for gallstone ileus to develop as a complication of ERCP, physicians should be aware of gallstone ileus and follow patients carefully, especially after removing huge stones.
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PMID:Gallstone Ileus following Endoscopic Stone Extraction. 2532 25