Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We investigated serum concentrations of acute-phase-proteins (alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT), alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1-sGP) and C-reactive protein (CRP)), and of complement components C3 and C4 during the course of acute hepatitis A and hepatitis B and correlated it to age and sex of the patients. Whereas a small increase of all three acute-phase-proteins was seen during acute hepatitis A, alpha 1-AT and CRP, but not alpha 1-aGP were found to be elevated during hepatitis B. A moderate elevation of C3 and C4 serum levels, more pronounced in hepatitis B than in hepatitis A, was seen followed by a slow return to normal. A systemic acute phase response seems not to be present during acute viral hepatitis in spite of the pronounced local inflammatory changes in liver tissue.
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PMID:[Acute phase reaction in acute viral hepatitis]. 169 68

A survey conducted in rural southern African black subjects indicated that dietary iron overload remains a major health problem. A full blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum concentrations of iron, total iron-binding capacity, ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and serological screening for hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections were carried out in 370 subjects (214 inpatients and 156 ambulatory Mozambican refugees). The fact that the geometric mean (SD range) serum ferritin concentration was much higher in the male hospital patients than in subjects living in the community [1,581 micrograms/l (421-5,944 micrograms/l) and 448 micrograms/l (103-1,945 micrograms/l) respectively] suggested that dietary iron overload was not the only factor raising the serum ferritin concentration. The major additional factor appeared to be inflammation, since the geometric mean (SD range) serum CRP was significantly higher in male hospital patients [21 mg/l (8-53 mg/l)] than in subjects in the community [3 mg/l (1-5 mg)]. Alcohol ingestion, as judged by history and by serum GGT concentrations, was also associated with significantly raised serum ferritin concentrations. This finding was ascribed to the fact that traditional brews are not only associated with alcohol-induced hepatic damage but are also a very rich source of highly bio-available iron. The role of iron overload in the genesis of the raised serum ferritin concentrations are confirmed in the diagnostic liver biopsy study. The majority of biopsies showed heavy siderosis, with varying degrees of hepatic damage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Dietary iron overload in southern African rural blacks. 197 6

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rapidly fatal neoplasm of high worldwide prevalence. Fibromellar carcinoma (FLC), a variant of HCC, lacks the dismal prognosis of "ordinary" HCC (O-HCC) and is characterized by a diagnostic histologic appearance. The current study analyzes the clinical characteristics, immunohistochemistry, and treatment of nineteen cases of FLC. These data, together with a detailed review of the literature, further characterize this unique variant. FLC affects younger patients and lacks the male predominance of O-HCC. Also, FLC lacks specific association with cirrhosis, hepatitis B virus infection, use of oral contraceptives, and alcohol abuse, all of which are implicated in other hepatic tumors. This, along with differences in serum tumor marker prevalence (AFP, B12 binding protein) suggests that its pathogenesis differs from that of O-HCC. Despite these differences, FLC shares a common differentiation with O-HCC. The increased amounts in FLC of stainable alpha-1-antitrypsin, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein, all of which are acute phase reactants and normal hepatocyte products, implies better differentiation of FLC cells. Finally, the better prognosis of FLC is supported by this study, since only two of the 19 patients died because of tumor. This contrasts with the reported survival of patients with O-HCC, usually measured in weeks. Hepatic transplantation may hold promise for future patients with "surgically unresectable" FLC as procedure-related complications are overcome.
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PMID:Fibrolamellar carcinoma of the liver: an immunohistochemical study of nineteen cases and a review of the literature. 245 77

An abnormal serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level (greater than 10 mg/l) was found in 78% of 104 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 8% of 12 asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers, 5% of 77 patients with chronic hepatitis, and 9% of 55 cirrhotic patients without complications. It was also discovered in 72% of 25 cirrhotic patients complicated with bacterial infections, gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, or massive ascites, 67% of nine common bile duct stone patients, and 79% of 14 patients with malignancies other than HCC. A dramatic decrease in serum CRP levels was found in two HCC patients receiving a successful surgical tumor resection, four cirrhotic patients recovering from complications, and all six patients with common bile duct stones and cholangitis controlled by antibiotics, but not in untreated HCC or other malignancy patients. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels correlated poorly with CRP levels. A combination of these two serum markers identified 94% of 104 patients with HCC. Since serum CRP levels were also abnormal in 57% of 14 patients with resectable HCC (less than or equal to 5 cm), in conjunction with AFP, it may be useful in the diagnosis of HCC or other malignancies.
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PMID:Serum C-reactive protein as a serum marker for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. 246 49

Since AIDS-specific laboratory tests are not yet commercially available, laboratory diagnoses of AIDS or of the AIDS-related complex (ARC) are based on "surrogate markers". While single tests are of limited diagnostic value, test combinations are of greater help. However, these tests should be applied restrictively and stepwise. The following parameters were analyzed in respect of their diagnostic and differential-diagnostic value: absolute number of lymphocytes, delayed type hypersensitivity skin tests to seven recall antigens, beta-2-microglobulin, serum-neopterin, C-reactive protein, complement factor B, circulating immune complexes, immunoglobulins, hepatitis B markers, and the ratio of T helper to T suppressor cells. 14 AIDS patients, 11 ARC patients, 23 healthy homosexuals, 6 iv drug users, 6 hemophiliacs and 35 patients with various other disorders were investigated. To analyse the value of a given test or of test combinations in the diagnosis of AIDS and ARC, a discrimination index was introduced and defined as the difference between the percentage of pathological values in one patient group compared to the percentage of pathological values in the other group. A discrimination index of 100 means that a given test is pathologic in all members of one group and negative in all members of the other group. A discrimination index of 60 may mean 80% of pathological values in one group versus 20% in the other. To distinguish AIDS patients from ARC patients the test combination yielding the highest mean discrimination index included serum neopterin, complement factor B and C-reactive protein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Immunologic laboratory tests in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and suspected AIDS]. 315 2

The data accumulated from 1969 to 1979 in the Diagnostic Immunology portion of the Center for Disease Control Proficiency Testing Program were evaluated for evidence of change in performance among the participating laboratories. Evidence of improved performance was found for the rubella, rheumatoid factor, tularemia, quantitative immunoglobulin (immunoglobulin G, A, and M), and hepatitis B tests. No evidence of change was detected for the streptococcal enzyme, C-reactive protein, infectious mononucleosis, antinuclear antibodies, Salmonella and Brucella agglutinins, and syphilis tests. Data obtained from other tests were inadequate to determine trends. In most tests, deficiencies were identified which could be corrected and thereby could improve performance. It is pointed out that proficiency testing not only improves laboratory performance, but also can be used to evaluate performance levels, identify method, standard, or performance deficiencies, educate, estimate impact of possible changes, serve as external quality control, and document changes.
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PMID:Assessment of laboratory improvement by the Center for Disease Control Diagnostic Immunology Proficiency Testing Program. 625 2

The in vitro effects of sera of 11 patients with liver cirrhosis on protein synthesis in PLC/PRF/5 cells were studied. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was documented in 7 patients. Increased random production of several cell proteins of M(r) of approximately 25, 65, 90 and 130 K was shown by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). There was no correlation between HBV-positive and HBV-negative cirrhosis and the induced proteins. One of them was identified as alpha-1 foetoprotein by immunoblot analysis. C-reactive protein (CRP) was determined only in one case; production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was not detected.
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PMID:Effect of sera of cirrhotic patients with or without hepatitis B virus infection on protein synthesis in hepatoma cells. 752 Jun 65

Ten patients with chronic hepatitis B received increasing doses of nIL-2 (30,000 U, 100,000 U, 300,000 U, 1.0 million U) subcutaneously in a phase I trial. Each dose was applied once per week over 3 weeks. Serum samples were taken before and 2, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after the first application of each dose level. Serum concentrations of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-6, interferon-alfa (IFN-alpha), IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and GM-CSF as well as the cytokine-dependent serum components neopterin, beta-2-microglobulin (B2M), C-reactive protein (CPR), soluble IL-2-receptor (sIL-2R) and 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 OA) were assayed using ELISAs and RIAs. None of the samples tested contained measurable cytokine levels other than IL-2. A low and non-toxic dose of 300,000 U nIL-2 was already biologically active with induction of neopterin, B2M and sIL-2R. Dose-dependent changes peaked 24-48 h after application. The same patients were then enrolled in a phase II trial. Treatment in five of the patients was continued twice per week for 3 months with a biologically active dose of 300,000 U nIL-2 subcutaneously. Two of these patients as well as another five patients from the original group were treated with 1.0 million U nIL-2 subcutaneously, twice weekly for 3 months. Neither a biologically active but non-toxic dose of 300,000 U nIL-2, nor a toxic dose of 1.0 million U resulted in permanent clearance of hepatitis B early antigen (HBeAg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Pilot study of natural human interleukin-2 in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Immunomodulatory and antiviral effects. 830 Oct 59

A 74-year-old man presented sudden onset hoarseness and dysphagia. Two months before this event, he had developed arthralgia of the shoulders, elbows, hands and foot and pleuritis which had been alleviated by a treatment with prednisolone. On admission, the patient could not phonate nor swallow at all. His soft palate was elevated at the right side. The uvula moved left when the patient tried to speak. Laryngoscopic examination revealed the paralysis of right vocal cord. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (79mm/1h), C-reactive protein (5.3mg/dl), rheumatoid factor (310 IU/ml) and Clq-binding immune complex (4.5 micrograms/ml) were elevated. Hepatitis C virus antibody titer was more than 10.8 IU/l. Anti-nuclear antibody was 1:20 (normal < 1:20) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA) was positive. Blood study also revealed the evidences of hemolytic anemia and hypoproteinemia. Hepatitis B virus markers, cryoglobulin, anti-ds DNA, anti-Sm, anti-RNP, anti-SS-A, anti-SS-B antibodies were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brainstem was normal. A sural nerve biopsy revealed patchy demyelination of the fascicles. The teasing of nerve fibers showed segmental demyelination. Chest X-ray showed the interstitial pneumonia and pleuritis in the right lower lung. Otological examination revealed the bilateral secretory otitis media. A treatment with high dose prednisolone, ciclosporin and cyclophosphamide was partially effective. However we could not continue these medication because of the induction of liver damage. The patient died of multi-organ failure around a year after the emergence of aphonia and dysphagia. The autopsy specimen of the right vagus nerve showed the similar patchy damage of nerve fibers as was observed in the biopsied sural nerve. The present case was diagnosed as systemic rheumatoid vasculitis. The syndrome of aphonia and dysphagia due to paralysis of the unilateral soft palate and vocal cord is called Avellis syndrome. This syndrome has been reported mainly in relation with the infarction of lateral medulla. The present case shows that Avellis syndrome can be produced by mononeuritis of the vagus nerve.
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PMID:[Avellis syndrome in systemic rheumatoid vasculitis]. 882 3

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) are acute-phase reactants that are usually present at high concentrations in the serum of patients with liver disease. However, the origin of these high serum concentrations is not completely understood, and whether hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue is a contributing factor is a controversial issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the profiles of these three proteins in patients with HCC before and after tumor resection, and to study factors that might affect the serum concentrations of these proteins. A retrospective cohort study was performed in 34 consecutive patients who underwent HCC resection at the National Taiwan University Hospital. Blood samples were collected before surgery and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 postoperatively for serum concentration determinations of these three proteins. Twenty-three patients admitted for health examinations were enrolled as normal controls. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlations between the pre- and postoperative cytokine concentrations and various clinical parameters. Compared with normal controls, the HCC patients had a significantly higher preoperative concentration of HGF (1,472 +/- 73 vs 948 +/- 54 ng/mL, p < 0.001) and IL-6 (44.1 +/- 6.9 vs 8.1 +/- 3.2 pg/mL, p = 0.012). These concentrations peaked on the first postoperative day and then declined to preoperative values on the fifth postoperative day. The CRP concentration was also higher in HCC patients (0.88 +/- 0.22 vs 0.21 +/- 0.06 mg/dL, p = 0.222), but the difference was not statistically significant. However, the CRP concentration did not return to the preoperative value within 2 weeks postoperatively. Preoperatively, HGF and CRP concentrations were positively affected by larger tumor size, and IL-6 concentration was negatively affected by hepatitis B surface antigen positivity and a higher indocyanine green (ICG) retention rate. In summary, the serum concentrations of HGF and IL-6 were significantly higher in HCC patients than in normal controls. The serum concentrations of HGF, IL-6, and CRP rose dramatically after HCC resection. The concentrations of these proteins were affected by different clinical parameters. We proved indirectly that high serum concentrations of HGF, IL-6, and CRP in patients with HCC do not result primarily from synthesis by the tumor cells. Whether the preoperative concentrations of these proteins correlate with the clinical outcome needs further follow-up.
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PMID:Secretion of acute-phase proteins before and after hepatocellular carcinoma resection. 1008 62


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