Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-six untreated patients with chronic persistent hepatitis were followed prospectively for one to 17 years (mean 5.6 years). The patients developed no clinical features of chronic liver disease. Raised serum transaminase levels were usually, but not consistently, the only biochemical abnormality; gamma globulin values were normal. Serum markers of past or present hepatitis B infection were found initially in 14 patients: another two developed markers during their follow-up. Nine patients progressed to a mild or moderate chronic active hepatitis as shown by serial needle liver biopsies but there was no evidence of cirrhosis. This progression was not associated with any clinical or biochemical deterioration. Seven of these patients had presented with insidious symptoms, seven had serum markers of hepatitis B infection, and the four who were HBsAg positive had relatively lower serum HBsAg concentrations than did those patients who continued with chronic persistent hepatitis.
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PMID:Chronic persistent hepatitis: hepatitis B virus markers and histological follow-up. 46 67

Sera from patients with chronic liver disease were tested for antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen by radioimmunoassay. The antibody was found in 25% of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and in 52% when alcoholic cirrhosis was associated with portal hypertension, these results being significantly higher than in a matched control population. Other forms of chronic liver disease did not differ from the control population. Hepatitis B virus infection might be a factor in determining which alcoholic patients go on to develop chronic liver disease and cirrhosis.
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PMID:Hepatitis Bs antibody in alcoholic cirrhosis. 51 37

Twenty-one of 30 patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (EMC) had evidence of liver involvement. The liver disease was characterized by the absence of clinical symptoms, hepatosplenomegaly, mild elevation of enzymes, abnormal BSP retention and low albumin levels. Histology, available in 12 patients, showed either chronic persistent or chronic active hepatitis or liver cirrhosis; 44% of the patients had HBsAg or HBsAb in sera and/or cryoglobulins, confirming the high frequency of exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in EMC. However, liver lesions were similar in all patients, regardless of HBV exposure. Since other factors usually associated with chronic liver diseases were absent or apparently irrelevant, it is temptative to speculate that a 'cryoglobulinemic hepatitis' may exist as a distinct syndrome. The characteristic complement profile of the patients with EMC (low CH50 and C4, normal C3PA), not related to albumin levels, can help to differentiate this disease from chronic liver disease without cryoglobulins.
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PMID:Liver involvement in essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. 54 44

A radioimmunological assay was made of HBsAg and HBsAb in 183 patients during the course of acute viral hepatitis, 23 with prior HBsAg-positive hepatitis, 72 with chronic liver disease, 822 blood donors, 44 patients and 28 staff members from two dialysis centres, and the medical and paramedical staff of several high-risk departments. Microimmunodiffusion on agar was also used to determine HBeAg and HBeAb in the same 183 acute hepatitis patients, 37 HBsAg+ blood donors, 20 asymptomatic HBsAg carriers, the patients of two haemodialysis centres and the staff of departments at high risk for hepatitis B. Attention is drawn to the marked incidence (5.5%) of chronic HBsAg carriers in the blood donors, and the considerable circulation of virus B in the population examined, HBsAb-positivity (27.6%) being also an expression of this. Stress is also laid on the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the study of the HBsAg-HBsAb system during acute and chronic hepatitis. The importance of serum hepatitis B markers in the transmission of this disease in dialysis centres and other high-risk departments and in its prevention is underscored. Lastly, emphasis is laid on the appreciable progress that analysis of the e-anti-e system offers in the prognostic assessment of type B hepatitis, attention being also drawn to the fact that the dynamics of this system is even more complex and interesting than had first been thought. An assessment of this kind is useful in the differentiation of "contagious" and "non-contagious" HBsAg carriers.
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PMID:[Detection of HBsAg and the related antibody (HBsAb) with the radioimmunological method. Behavior of the HBeAg-HBcAb system in HBsAg-positive patients]. 55 Jul 51

A total of 108 Swiss haemophiliacs (89 haemophilia A and 19 haemophilia B patients) were investigated for the presence of serological hepatitis B virusmarkers and for transaminase abnormalities; the patients were also evaluated regarding hepatitis history. 22% of the patients were found to have a history of acute clinical hepatitis. 82% showed signs of hepatitis B virus (or hepatitis Bs-antigen) exposure: 6% were shown to be hepatitis Bs-antigen carriers, hepatitis B2-antibodies were found in 71% and hepatitis Bc-antibodies in 72% of the patients. 39% of the haemophiliacs showed elevated transaminase activities; it must be assumed that a proportion of the patients of this group have asymptomatic chronic liver disease.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of hepatitis in Swiss hemophiliacs]. 55 69

The humoral immune response to hepatitis B virus antigens and the cell-mediated immunity to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were investigated in 12 healthy persons and 56 patients with various liver diseases. In patients with acute viral hepatitis type B, anti-hepatitis B core antigen was present constantly in serum in all phases, and after clinical recovery simultaneously with anti-HBs. A transitory cellular immune response to HBsAg was demonstrated at the time the antigen was cleared, while a patient with persisting HBs antigenaemia and another with transient hepatitis Bc antigen showed no response during the course of the disease. Cellular immune response to HBsAg was present only infrequently in patients with chronic liver disease type B and non-B, thus suggesting that a cellular immunity to HBsAg is not a prerequisite for the development of these conditions.
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PMID:Humoral and cell-mediated immunity to hepatitis B virus antigens in acute and chronic liver disease. 60 51

Six patients with hepatitis B surface antigen-positive (HBsAg-pos) chronic liver disease have been treated with transfer factor (TF) prepared from leucocytes of normal blood donors with no history of hepatitis, and with TF from subjects recently recovered from type B hepatitis. In three patients there were transient elevations of aspartate transaminase (AsT) after 'specific' TF, representing damage or destruction of hepatocytes, and in two of these patients there was coincidental complement consumption, suggesting that TF had stimulated production of antibody. In one other patient there was an increase in E-rosetting lymphocyte (ERL) concentration representing a change in T-lymphocyte reactivity. One of the two patients who had no measured response to TF had a primary liver cell carcinoma and was receiving prednisolone therapy. TF prepared from subjects who have recently recovered from type B hepatitis may have temporarily altered the immunological status of patients with HBsAg-pos chronic liver disease, but it did not have a beneficial therapeutic effect.
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PMID:Transfer factor in the attempted treatment of patients with HBsAg-positive chronic liver disease. 60 32

In order to evaluate the role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the etiology of chronic liver diseases, paired sera of 143 patients with biopsy-documented chronic hepatitis were tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs by radioimmunoassay method. HBsAg was detected in 67.3% of patients with a preceding verified eipsode of acute hepatitis, and in 26.7% of patients with a cryptogenic form of chronic hepatitis. HBsAg was not found in any of patients with alcoholic chronic hepatitis and in only two of 18 patients with other forms of chronic liver disease. No significant difference in the incidence of anti-HBs was observed in all groups of patients. According to previous studies our results confirm the higher prevalence of HBV infection in etiology of chronic persistent and aggressive hepatitis and indicate that this prevalence may be observed especially in Middle and South Italy. The presence of HBsAg in the serum of 37.2% of our patients with cirrhosis compared with 9% of reported cases in North Italy suggest that HBV plays an important role in the etiology of cirrhosis of the liver in our area.
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PMID:[Epidemiologic study of chronic hepatitis in relation to heptatis B virus infections (author's transl)]. 61 63

Discrimination between hepatitis A and B is becoming easier as the serologic and clinical characteristics of each type become better known. Hepatitis A is generally a benign pediatric illness with few sequelae. In contrast, hepatitis B is more often associated with complications and may progress to chronic liver disease in as many as 10% of cases. Chronic persistent hepatitis appears to be a benign disorder not requiring therapy. Occasionally related etiologically to virus B, chronic active hepatitis is often associated with severe clinical illness. However, it generally responds to steroid therapy, at least initially, and may be arrested or cured.
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PMID:Acute and chronic hepatitis in children. 62 29

Many investigations consider the presence of e antigen (HBeAg) valuable in predicting which patients with acute hepatitis B are at risk of remaining infected and developing chronic liver disease. We tested this hypothesis in a retrospective study of serial samples from patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis. We found HBeAg in the early phase of all hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. There was no significant difference between transiently and persistently hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive persons with regard to the frequency of HBeAg during the first 3 months of HBs antigenemia. Thus during the early period of viral activity, the presence of HBeAg is of no prognostic values in determining chronicity of HBV infection. We believe the disagreement on the prognostic value of HBeAg is a reflection of variations in time and frequency of sampling. The HBeAg remains, however, a useful indicator of potential infectivity of HBsAg(+)persons.
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PMID:e Antigen in hepatitis B virus infected dialysis patients: assessment of its prognostic value. 68 40


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