Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Third generation donor screening for hepatitis B is not generally efficacious in reducing PTH B except under certain epidemiological conditions. The nature of the remaining cases of PTH varies from region to region and depends on actual epidemiological circumstances. Cases of HB, transmitted by HBsAg-negative but nevertheless HBV-infectious blood, should be considered as well as cases of HB, transmitted by vehicles other than transfusion-blood, but confusingly also classified as PTH. Hepatitis A and hepatitis due to agents not yet identified occurring in blood recipients need further investigation. In such cases it remains an open question too, whether the disease is mainly transmitted with the transfusion-blood or by other vehicles, associated with large and long-lasting wounds or hospital environments as closely as blood transfusions are.
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PMID:'How frequent is posttranfusion hepatitis after the introduction of 3rd generation donor screening for hepatitis B? What is its probable nature? 89 33

In a 6-month follow-up study of acute hepatitis in Japan, 31 out of 41 (75.6%) cases of post-transfusion non-A and non-B hepatitis (NANB-PTH) and 14 out of 40 (35.0%) cases of sporadic non-A non-B hepatitis (NANB-SPO) were found to be positive for antibody to the hepatitis C virus (HCVAb). After 12 months of follow-up, 30 cases (81.1%) became chronic among 37 HCVAb positive acute NANB hepatitis cases. This figure shows a significantly higher rate of chronicity as compared with HCVAb negative acute NANB hepatitis. The prevalences of HCVAb in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative cases of chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis were 76.3% (200/262) and 66.7% (106/159), respectively, which were significantly different from the values of 5.1% (13/255) and 10.6% (13/123) observed in HBsAg positive cases. Of chronic liver disease cases positive for HCVAb, 45.8% (152/332) had a history of blood transfusion, in contrast to the value of 3.7% (13/352) observed in HBsAg positive cases of chronic liver disease that were negative for HCVAb.
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PMID:Antibody to the hepatitis C virus in acute hepatitis and chronic liver diseases in Japan. 164 28

Ninety-three cases of acute viral hepatitis in adult Lebanese patients were followed-up prospectively for a period ranging from 6 to 18 months. These included 33 hepatitis A (HAV), 32 hepatitis B (HBV) and 21 non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANB) cases. The clinical and seroepidemiologic characteristics of the three types were evaluated. HAV was characterized by a short prodroma (less than 1 week) and a high IgM level. HBV did not differ from similar cases reported in the Western world except for a complete absence of male homosexuals and drug addicts as a possible route of transmission. NANB hepatitis in Lebanon is mainly a sporadic infection similar to HAV except that the prodromal phase is prolonged (greater than 14 days) and IgM levels are within normal limits. The failure to develop chronicity in NANB suggests that the virus of sporadic NANB may be different from that which causes post-transfusional (PTH) NANB.
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PMID:Acute viral hepatitis in Lebanon: evidence for a HAV-like non-A non-B hepatitis. 642 81

The aim of the study was to explore relationship between viral hepatitis and medical procedures with continuity of tissues. The analysis of the results showed that 50% patients were infected in hospitals; in the group with hepatitis B--62.5% and in the group with non-B hepatitis 50%. Nosocomial infections with virus hepatitis B after transfusion occurred in 2.5% of cases, but the frequency of PTH with Non A, Non B hepatitis (probably with HCV) is 8.5%. These data support the postulate that measures to prevent the hepatitis due to the parenteral spread of infections agents (HBV, HCV) should be strengthened. The priority problem in hospitals and the basic prophylactic method is correct sterilization.
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PMID:[Viral hepatitis as an iatrogenic infection]. 817 Dec 1

In an analysis comparing the costs of hepatitis B vaccination for blood donors versus the preventable expenses for post-transfusion hepatitis B (PTH-B), the price of a vaccine dose, the duration of protection, the number of components transfused per blood donation, the incidence of symptomatic PTH-B, and the costs induced by the different courses of hepatitis B infection are included as relevant factors. It is concluded that universal hepatitis B immunization of blood donors is desirable to ensure a safer blood supply and is already today cost-effective for repeat donors.
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PMID:Hepatitis B vaccination of blood donors--a cost-benefit analysis. 942 5