Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) has been most commonly associated with diseases like multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, primary systemic amyloidosis, HIV, and other lymphoproliferative disorders. There has been an isolated report of MGUS in patients coinfected with HIV and Hepatitis B, as the work by Amara et al. in 2006. Here, we report a case of IgA-kappa light chain gammopathy secondary to Hepatitis B infection, which resolved after liver transplantation. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of M protein spike seen in the context of Hepatitis B infection only.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis B associated monoclonal gammopathy that resolved after successful liver transplant. 2010 78

In recent years, significant advances have been made in understanding the pathogenesis and etiology of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). A new classification system based on pathological immunofluorescence findings has been proposed to replace the traditional clinical classification system in order to better identify the underlying causes of MPGN and to provide guidance for more individualized treatment. We conducted a retrospective survey of the MPGN patients treated in our hospital from 2000 to 2012 and report here the validation of this new classification system in this cohort. A total of 34 patients were diagnosed with MPGN, including 25 males and 9 females. There were 3 cases of secondary MPGN, including 1 case due to monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and 2 cases related to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Clinical presentations included nephrotic syndrome (76.5%), microscopic hematuria (79.4%), hypocomplementemia (58.8%), renal insufficiency (82.4%), hypertension (100%), and peripheral edema (100%). All patients were treated with prednisone and immunosuppressive agents, mainly cyclophosphamide. During follow-up (median 6 months, range 3-47 months), 4 patients were lost to follow-up and 2 patients progressed to end-stage renal disease. In Western countries the main cause of secondary MPGN was hepatitis C virus or HBV infection, here however we report 2 cases related to HBV infection. MGUS-associated MPGN was less frequent in the Chinese cohort. Future studies should be designed to evaluate the association of the new classification system and clinical outcomes of MPGN.
 ...
PMID:Re-evaluation of the classification system for membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. 2368 79

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients are prone to develop bone marrow or various tissue infiltrates with monoclonal B cells, monoclonal B lymphocytosis or different types of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (BCNHL), of which the most common are splenic marginal zone BCNHL, diffuse large BCNHL and follicular lymphoma. The association between chronic HCV infection and non Hodgkin's lymphoma has been observed especially in areas with high prevalence of this viral infection. Outside the limitations of some studies that have been conducted, there are also geographic, environmental, and genetic factors that contribute to the epidemiological differences. Various microenvironmental signals, such as cytokines, viral antigenic external stimulation of lymphocyte receptors by HCV antigens, and intercellular interactions contribute to B cell proliferation. HCV lymphotropism and chronic antigenic stimulation are involved in B-lymphocyte expansion, as mixted cryoglobulinemia or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, which can progress to BCNHL. HCV replication in B lymphocytes has oncogenic effect mediated by intracellular HCV proteins. It is also involved in an important induction of reactive oxygen species that can lead to permanent B lymphocyte damage, as DNA mutations, after binding to surface B-cell receptors. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder could appear and it has a multiclonal potentiality that may develop into different types of lymphomas. The hematopoietic stem cell transplant made for lymphoma in HCV-infected patients can increase the risk of earlier progression to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. HCV infected patients with indolent BCNHL who receive antiviral therapy can be potentially cured. Viral clearance was related to lymphoma response, fact that highlights the probable involvement of HCV in lymphomagenesis. Direct acting antiviral drugs could be a solution for the patients who did not tolerate or respond to interferon, as they seem to be safe and highly effective. The use of chemotherapy in combination with rituximab for the treatment of BCNHL in patients infected with HCV can produce liver dysfunction. The addition of immunotherapy with rituximab can increase the viral replication, and severe complications can occure especially in patients co-infected with hepatitis B virus or immune immunodeficiency virus, in those with hepatocarcinoma, cirrhosis, or liver cytolysis. But the final result of standard immunochemotherapy applied to diffuse large BCNHL patients with HCV infection is not notably worse than in those without this viral infection. The treatment of patients chronically infected with HCV and having BCNHL is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach and the risk / benefit ratio of rituximab treatment must be evaluated especially in those with liver cytolysis.
...
PMID:Hepatitis C virus - associated B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 2746 11